Influence of Patterns of Climate Variability on the Difference
... Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina ...
... Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina ...
Public Perception of geoengineering and its consequences for
... (50 %), however, was still uncertain about their preferences (Spence et al. 2010). The crosscountry study carried out by Mercer et al. revealed the majority of respondents held a moderately positive view on the issue whether Solar Radiation Management (SRM) should be used as a solution to global war ...
... (50 %), however, was still uncertain about their preferences (Spence et al. 2010). The crosscountry study carried out by Mercer et al. revealed the majority of respondents held a moderately positive view on the issue whether Solar Radiation Management (SRM) should be used as a solution to global war ...
Climate change in Central America and Mexico
... (DJF) seasons. The annual mean warming between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099 varies in the CAM region from 1.8° to 5.0°C (Christensen et al. 2007), with half of the models within 2.6°–3.6°C and a median of 3.2°C. For Central America, 19 (out of 21) GCMs agree on the direction of change in precipitat ...
... (DJF) seasons. The annual mean warming between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099 varies in the CAM region from 1.8° to 5.0°C (Christensen et al. 2007), with half of the models within 2.6°–3.6°C and a median of 3.2°C. For Central America, 19 (out of 21) GCMs agree on the direction of change in precipitat ...
Insights to Key Questions about Climate Change
... two critical questions about climate change. Chapter 2 provides examples from a wide spectrum of scientists, scientific organizations, and the media of contradictions and confusion about whether human-induced climate change is predictable over the time scale of a century. It then explains why such c ...
... two critical questions about climate change. Chapter 2 provides examples from a wide spectrum of scientists, scientific organizations, and the media of contradictions and confusion about whether human-induced climate change is predictable over the time scale of a century. It then explains why such c ...
Vulnerability of Infrastructure to Climate Variability: How Does This
... patterns will result in either increase in water availability or more droughts. While most studies conclude that the developed world can adapt to gradual changes in weather patterns, the same cannot be said for the poorest regions of the world. The infrastructure and economic capacity to effect time ...
... patterns will result in either increase in water availability or more droughts. While most studies conclude that the developed world can adapt to gradual changes in weather patterns, the same cannot be said for the poorest regions of the world. The infrastructure and economic capacity to effect time ...
Mesozoic Climates. - Return to Home Page
... years in environmental sciences, geography and related disciplines. It is sufficient in depth and rigour for final year students but equally valuable as an information resource for those in their “pre-finals” years. It is not a complete guide but serves to review and illustrate the key factors of cl ...
... years in environmental sciences, geography and related disciplines. It is sufficient in depth and rigour for final year students but equally valuable as an information resource for those in their “pre-finals” years. It is not a complete guide but serves to review and illustrate the key factors of cl ...
Spending adaptation money wisely: Working Paper 37 (opens in new window)
... benefits irrespective of future climate regimes. We discuss a number of operational challenges in delivering this kind of adaptation, including a preoccupation with additionality – which makes the integration of adaptation and development harder – and a preference for “concrete” and more readily vis ...
... benefits irrespective of future climate regimes. We discuss a number of operational challenges in delivering this kind of adaptation, including a preoccupation with additionality – which makes the integration of adaptation and development harder – and a preference for “concrete” and more readily vis ...
Climate Change in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas - HimalDoc
... us? On 18 and 19 August 2011, leading experts in the different fields of climate science (including climatology, hydrology, and environmental science) from across the region and abroad gathered at an Authors’ Workshop in Kathmandu to help answer these questions. The intention in gathering these rese ...
... us? On 18 and 19 August 2011, leading experts in the different fields of climate science (including climatology, hydrology, and environmental science) from across the region and abroad gathered at an Authors’ Workshop in Kathmandu to help answer these questions. The intention in gathering these rese ...
Target Atmospheric CO : Where Should Humanity Aim?
... GHG and surface albedo feedbacks respond and contribute to temperature change caused by any climate forcing, natural or human-made, given sufficient time. The GHG feedback is nearly linear in global temperature during the late Pleistocene (Fig. 7 of [6, 28]). Surface albedo feedback increases as Ear ...
... GHG and surface albedo feedbacks respond and contribute to temperature change caused by any climate forcing, natural or human-made, given sufficient time. The GHG feedback is nearly linear in global temperature during the late Pleistocene (Fig. 7 of [6, 28]). Surface albedo feedback increases as Ear ...
Climate change science and Victoria
... Fig. 3: Annual cycle of the standard deviation (STD) of monthly rainfall in mm (blue bars, right axis shown for the entire State) and divided by the mean monthly rainfall expressed in percentage terms (coloured lines, left axis, computed for the three regions). All values are based on rainfall from ...
... Fig. 3: Annual cycle of the standard deviation (STD) of monthly rainfall in mm (blue bars, right axis shown for the entire State) and divided by the mean monthly rainfall expressed in percentage terms (coloured lines, left axis, computed for the three regions). All values are based on rainfall from ...
Climate-Related Disasters in Asia and the Pacific
... To connect GHG emissions with natural disasters, it is not enough to show that the increase in concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere has led to increased temperature or precipitation. A relationship between GHGs and climate-related hazards—extreme temperatures and precipitation—is require ...
... To connect GHG emissions with natural disasters, it is not enough to show that the increase in concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere has led to increased temperature or precipitation. A relationship between GHGs and climate-related hazards—extreme temperatures and precipitation—is require ...
Assessment of Health and Climate Preparedness (PDF)
... precipitation (in red), which demonstrates the wide fluctuation in precipitation from year to year, and the 10-year running average precipitation (in blue) from the late 1890s to 2010. The 10-year running average precipitation (in blue) shows an upward trend in precipitation from the 1930s. ...
... precipitation (in red), which demonstrates the wide fluctuation in precipitation from year to year, and the 10-year running average precipitation (in blue) from the late 1890s to 2010. The 10-year running average precipitation (in blue) shows an upward trend in precipitation from the 1930s. ...
Come Rain or Shine - Integrating Climate Risk Management into
... changes during the next decades are inevitable (IPCC, 2007a). During the last century, the global climate warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The imp ...
... changes during the next decades are inevitable (IPCC, 2007a). During the last century, the global climate warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The imp ...
Can Social Protection Increase Resilience to Climate Change?
... programmes contribute to strengthening the resilience of their recipients to climate change. The framework moves from earlier simplified approaches of ASP to a more systematic framework that highlights the importance of a dynamic approach to resilience and social protection which considers time and ...
... programmes contribute to strengthening the resilience of their recipients to climate change. The framework moves from earlier simplified approaches of ASP to a more systematic framework that highlights the importance of a dynamic approach to resilience and social protection which considers time and ...
Lecture 24
... Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Royal Society of Canada Russian Academy of Sciences Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and the Arts Science Council of Japan Chinese Academy of Sciences Indian National Science Academy Australian Academy of Sciences Academy Council of the Royal Society of ...
... Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Royal Society of Canada Russian Academy of Sciences Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and the Arts Science Council of Japan Chinese Academy of Sciences Indian National Science Academy Australian Academy of Sciences Academy Council of the Royal Society of ...
ADDENDUM: Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States AD
... There are two periods of warming in the 20th century that are statistically indistinguishable in magnitude. The first had little if any relation to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide, while the second has characteristics that are consistent in part with a changed greenhouse effect. (p. 17) 2. Cli ...
... There are two periods of warming in the 20th century that are statistically indistinguishable in magnitude. The first had little if any relation to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide, while the second has characteristics that are consistent in part with a changed greenhouse effect. (p. 17) 2. Cli ...
Assessing recent trends in high-latitude Southern
... red and blue contours, alongside light pink and blue shading beneath, denote negative and positive trends, respectively), sea surface temperature (SST, purple–red shading), and 10-m winds (vectors). Only SST trends equatorward of the climatological September sea-ice extent (SIE, black contour) are s ...
... red and blue contours, alongside light pink and blue shading beneath, denote negative and positive trends, respectively), sea surface temperature (SST, purple–red shading), and 10-m winds (vectors). Only SST trends equatorward of the climatological September sea-ice extent (SIE, black contour) are s ...
S1501144_en.pdf
... Coordinator, Focal Point for Climate Change, Head of Agricultural Development Unit (ADU), ECLAC México; Jaime Olivares and Allan Beltran, Consultants and Research Assistants; Blanca Urra, ...
... Coordinator, Focal Point for Climate Change, Head of Agricultural Development Unit (ADU), ECLAC México; Jaime Olivares and Allan Beltran, Consultants and Research Assistants; Blanca Urra, ...
Kamloops Future Forest Strategy
... Scientific Insight and Further Research ....................................................................................... 105 Generalizing the K2 Approach-how can it contribute to Adaptive Capacity? ......................... 106 ...
... Scientific Insight and Further Research ....................................................................................... 105 Generalizing the K2 Approach-how can it contribute to Adaptive Capacity? ......................... 106 ...
Adaptation: Needs, Financing and Institutions
... Another distinction that is often made for human systems is between planned and autonomous adaptation. Planned adaptation is the result of a deliberate decision that is based on an awareness that conditions have changed or are about to change, and that action is required to return to, maintain or a ...
... Another distinction that is often made for human systems is between planned and autonomous adaptation. Planned adaptation is the result of a deliberate decision that is based on an awareness that conditions have changed or are about to change, and that action is required to return to, maintain or a ...
Results compilation 2B - Charles Sturt University
... say that access to labour and financial support for the purchase of materials were important incentives for them to take on revegetation work. The ongoing dry conditions have resulted in decreased planting of native trees and shrubs in both zones and there was some evidence of increased grazing of a ...
... say that access to labour and financial support for the purchase of materials were important incentives for them to take on revegetation work. The ongoing dry conditions have resulted in decreased planting of native trees and shrubs in both zones and there was some evidence of increased grazing of a ...
heat waves, floods and the health impacts of climate change
... yy to develop health measures and integrate them into plans for adaptation to climate change as appropriate; yy to build the capacity of public health leaders to be proactive in providing technical guidance on health issues, be competent in developing and implementing strategies for addressing the e ...
... yy to develop health measures and integrate them into plans for adaptation to climate change as appropriate; yy to build the capacity of public health leaders to be proactive in providing technical guidance on health issues, be competent in developing and implementing strategies for addressing the e ...
S T A ?
... Since then, President Obama has announced a myriad of new climate change measures, which have included initiatives to support more adaptation planning at federal, state, and local levels.3 At the same time as federal executive action on climate change adaptation has accelerated, U.S. courts and admi ...
... Since then, President Obama has announced a myriad of new climate change measures, which have included initiatives to support more adaptation planning at federal, state, and local levels.3 At the same time as federal executive action on climate change adaptation has accelerated, U.S. courts and admi ...
Climate Scenario Development
... future (the climate scenario) – on the exposure unit1 that determines the impact of the climate change (Figure 13.1c). A treatment of climate scenario development, in this specific sense, has been largely absent in the earlier IPCC Assessment Reports. The subject has been presented in independent IP ...
... future (the climate scenario) – on the exposure unit1 that determines the impact of the climate change (Figure 13.1c). A treatment of climate scenario development, in this specific sense, has been largely absent in the earlier IPCC Assessment Reports. The subject has been presented in independent IP ...
Climate Change Associated Sediment Yield Changes on the Rio
... spring melting of the snowpack. These changes may not only impact surface water flows, but the interaction between surface water and ground water as well. Warmer temperatures are anticipated to both drive up evaporation rates and increase the length of the growing season, contributing to lower overa ...
... spring melting of the snowpack. These changes may not only impact surface water flows, but the interaction between surface water and ground water as well. Warmer temperatures are anticipated to both drive up evaporation rates and increase the length of the growing season, contributing to lower overa ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.