Braconnot et al. (2012) - Harvard John A. Paulson School of
... utility of combining model simulations and syntheses of palaeo environmental data to analyse the mechanisms of climate change. At the same time, the climate-modelling community was becoming increasingly aware that responses to changes in forcing were model dependent. The need to investigate this ph ...
... utility of combining model simulations and syntheses of palaeo environmental data to analyse the mechanisms of climate change. At the same time, the climate-modelling community was becoming increasingly aware that responses to changes in forcing were model dependent. The need to investigate this ph ...
Climate change impacts on global agricultural land availability
... global agricultural land availability, represented by probabilitybased land suitability values. The present study adopts this approach for the land suitability assessment and estimates global agricultural land availability under both current and future conditions. When considering the uncertainty in ...
... global agricultural land availability, represented by probabilitybased land suitability values. The present study adopts this approach for the land suitability assessment and estimates global agricultural land availability under both current and future conditions. When considering the uncertainty in ...
Federated States of Micronesia - Pacific Climate Change Science
... This publication updates the original Current and future climate of the Federated States of Micronesia brochure published in 2011. The content of this brochure is the result of a collaborative effort between the National Weather Service Offices of the Federated States of Micronesia and the Pacific-A ...
... This publication updates the original Current and future climate of the Federated States of Micronesia brochure published in 2011. The content of this brochure is the result of a collaborative effort between the National Weather Service Offices of the Federated States of Micronesia and the Pacific-A ...
The impacts of climate change on terrestrial Earth surface systems
... unknown, and this must been seen as an issue of future policy relevance. It is likely, however, that increased aridity across many continental areas will increase land surface vulnerability to soil erosion and loss, mass movements and associated geohazards29. In turn, this will decrease the viabilit ...
... unknown, and this must been seen as an issue of future policy relevance. It is likely, however, that increased aridity across many continental areas will increase land surface vulnerability to soil erosion and loss, mass movements and associated geohazards29. In turn, this will decrease the viabilit ...
Climate Change in Cyprus: Impacts and Adaptation Policies 1
... According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change is a change in the state of the climate that can be empirically identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of climate properties and that persists for an exte ...
... According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change is a change in the state of the climate that can be empirically identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of climate properties and that persists for an exte ...
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world
... during the last several decades. Aerosols such as dust depend on other factors such as land-use ...
... during the last several decades. Aerosols such as dust depend on other factors such as land-use ...
Coupled General Circulation Modeling
... • Equilibrium: The goal is to determine the climate that is in equilibrium with a given set of climate forcings. (Example: What climate state is in equilibrium with twice the preindustrial level of atmospheric CO2?) • Transient: The goal is to investigate the timedependent response of the climate to ...
... • Equilibrium: The goal is to determine the climate that is in equilibrium with a given set of climate forcings. (Example: What climate state is in equilibrium with twice the preindustrial level of atmospheric CO2?) • Transient: The goal is to investigate the timedependent response of the climate to ...
Climate Change North | Signs of Change: Studying Tree Rings
... The understanding and awareness of historical climate change is steadily growing as people around the world gather information from glacier ice, trees, lake bottoms and oral traditions. While scientists use glacier ice and muck from the bottom of lakes and oceans to determine that the climate was li ...
... The understanding and awareness of historical climate change is steadily growing as people around the world gather information from glacier ice, trees, lake bottoms and oral traditions. While scientists use glacier ice and muck from the bottom of lakes and oceans to determine that the climate was li ...
Adaptation Planning Background Material
... by other tribes and local governments. The process of adaptation planning presented here is based on concepts and material in the guidebook Preparing for Climate Change: A Guidebook for Local, Regional, and State Governments.2 The guidebook provides a framework for adaptation planning and outlines s ...
... by other tribes and local governments. The process of adaptation planning presented here is based on concepts and material in the guidebook Preparing for Climate Change: A Guidebook for Local, Regional, and State Governments.2 The guidebook provides a framework for adaptation planning and outlines s ...
Evaluating Climate Visualization
... the selection of data, their visual representations and the creation of narratives. Information on climate change is of a particularly complex nature. Studies of causes, effects and means to take action include several interlinked areas of studies. Climate science includes areas such as atmospheric ...
... the selection of data, their visual representations and the creation of narratives. Information on climate change is of a particularly complex nature. Studies of causes, effects and means to take action include several interlinked areas of studies. Climate science includes areas such as atmospheric ...
Introducing-FCFA-Brochure (opens in new window)
... climate-related events and direct economic damages have totalled at least US$9 billion. Added economic growth and livelihoods present vast to this, future climate change is expected to create potential to increase the climate resilience of new a more challenging environment for development African i ...
... climate-related events and direct economic damages have totalled at least US$9 billion. Added economic growth and livelihoods present vast to this, future climate change is expected to create potential to increase the climate resilience of new a more challenging environment for development African i ...
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world
... (Table 1). This is particularly true for observational studies, which are in less agreement than model simulations. This may be because most models integrate trends over a long time period (typically up to the end of the twenty-first century), when EDW may become more widespread than it has been so ...
... (Table 1). This is particularly true for observational studies, which are in less agreement than model simulations. This may be because most models integrate trends over a long time period (typically up to the end of the twenty-first century), when EDW may become more widespread than it has been so ...
Means and extremes: building variability into
... nonlinear and are typified by thresholds, interactions with other climatic conditions, such as rainfall, and the potential for organisms to adapt to changed conditions (Gutschick & BassiriRad 2003; Benedetti-Cecchi et al. 2006). There is an increasing awareness of the need for experimental approache ...
... nonlinear and are typified by thresholds, interactions with other climatic conditions, such as rainfall, and the potential for organisms to adapt to changed conditions (Gutschick & BassiriRad 2003; Benedetti-Cecchi et al. 2006). There is an increasing awareness of the need for experimental approache ...
Coupled Simulations of the 20th-Century including External Forcing
... events that spread the aerosol over both hemispheres are able to influence the global climate. Only a small number of events produce large enough clouds (Dutton and Bodhaine, 2001) and because their lifetime is generally short, a climate effect is limited to a few years. But an extension of cooling ...
... events that spread the aerosol over both hemispheres are able to influence the global climate. Only a small number of events produce large enough clouds (Dutton and Bodhaine, 2001) and because their lifetime is generally short, a climate effect is limited to a few years. But an extension of cooling ...
2016 - Greenpeace - Exxon - Climate Liability
... informed senior managers of the likely catastrophic climate change implications of fossil fuel consumption but in the decades that followed Exxon chose to work “at the forefront of climate denial”.1 In October, 2015 the Los Angeles Times claimed there was evidence that while Exxon “sought to downpla ...
... informed senior managers of the likely catastrophic climate change implications of fossil fuel consumption but in the decades that followed Exxon chose to work “at the forefront of climate denial”.1 In October, 2015 the Los Angeles Times claimed there was evidence that while Exxon “sought to downpla ...
Reporting team bios, Exxon documents, related stories and more
... California Attorney General Urged to Investigate Exxon Over Climate A decade-old law in California grants the attorney general sweeping investigative and prosecutorial powers to pursue securities violations. Sanders Calls for Investigation of 'Potential Corporate Fraud' by Exxon After revelations th ...
... California Attorney General Urged to Investigate Exxon Over Climate A decade-old law in California grants the attorney general sweeping investigative and prosecutorial powers to pursue securities violations. Sanders Calls for Investigation of 'Potential Corporate Fraud' by Exxon After revelations th ...
Read the full comment letter here - Competitive Enterprise Institute
... and the Earth warmed about 0.8°C.8 Yet annual global drought-related deaths declined by 99.8% (from 130,000 to 200) between the 1920s and recent decades. Drought-related death rates (per million population) declined by 99.9%.9 CO2-emitting technologies have made indispensable contributions to simila ...
... and the Earth warmed about 0.8°C.8 Yet annual global drought-related deaths declined by 99.8% (from 130,000 to 200) between the 1920s and recent decades. Drought-related death rates (per million population) declined by 99.9%.9 CO2-emitting technologies have made indispensable contributions to simila ...
Climate system complexity and vulnerability approach: A broader perspective on climate change
... will die over the next century, one of the world's leading climate change scientists claimed yesterday. Professor James Lovelock, the scientist who developed the Gaia principle (that Earth is a selfregulating, interconnected system), claimed that by the year 2100 the only place where humans will be ...
... will die over the next century, one of the world's leading climate change scientists claimed yesterday. Professor James Lovelock, the scientist who developed the Gaia principle (that Earth is a selfregulating, interconnected system), claimed that by the year 2100 the only place where humans will be ...
LWC4.3 - Pittwater Council
... Publicly declare to our Local Government Area, with appropriate plans, strategies and policies, Council’s commitment to achieve a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from our operations and to commit to set reduction targets for the next 5, 10, 20 years and beyond. Encourage all se ...
... Publicly declare to our Local Government Area, with appropriate plans, strategies and policies, Council’s commitment to achieve a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from our operations and to commit to set reduction targets for the next 5, 10, 20 years and beyond. Encourage all se ...
The impact of climate change on seasonal floods of a southern
... analysis toward changes in climate inputs to the study of palaeoclimatic data, spatial shifting of current climates towards polar region, or using data produced by general circulation models (GCMs). Because of its physically based nature, the latter approach is arguably the most attractive. Kite (19 ...
... analysis toward changes in climate inputs to the study of palaeoclimatic data, spatial shifting of current climates towards polar region, or using data produced by general circulation models (GCMs). Because of its physically based nature, the latter approach is arguably the most attractive. Kite (19 ...
Fossil Fuel Employment and Public Opinion about Climate Change
... variation in public opinion about climate change has been explained with reference to a large number of factors, from science comprehension via ideology to group membership, social pressure and media coverage of climate change. An early view on the link between cli ...
... variation in public opinion about climate change has been explained with reference to a large number of factors, from science comprehension via ideology to group membership, social pressure and media coverage of climate change. An early view on the link between cli ...
McCarl, B.A., J. Chen, and A. Thayer, "Climate change and food
... Draft chapter for Food Security in an Uncertain World : An International Perspective edited by Andy Schmitz The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2013, 2014b) indicates climate change and its drivers have increased temperatures, changed precipitation, reduced snow and ice, raised sea ...
... Draft chapter for Food Security in an Uncertain World : An International Perspective edited by Andy Schmitz The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2013, 2014b) indicates climate change and its drivers have increased temperatures, changed precipitation, reduced snow and ice, raised sea ...
Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data
... Quantifying the equilibrium response of global temperatures to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth’s climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important ...
... Quantifying the equilibrium response of global temperatures to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth’s climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important ...
tc7_17_climate_change_waterbirds_0
... during the twentieth century, the Earth’s surface has warmed by 0.4-0.8°C; land areas have warmed more than the oceans, with northern, mid-high latitudes warming more than most other parts (Fig. 2). The mean annual continental precipitation has increased by 5-10% over the twentieth century in the No ...
... during the twentieth century, the Earth’s surface has warmed by 0.4-0.8°C; land areas have warmed more than the oceans, with northern, mid-high latitudes warming more than most other parts (Fig. 2). The mean annual continental precipitation has increased by 5-10% over the twentieth century in the No ...
Tall tales and Fat tails: The science and economics of extreme
... 2009). From this literature three stylized facts emerge. First, there are differences—at times large—between the various estimates. Second, all have a large positive skew and in most cases it satisfies the definition of a fat tail. Third, there are large differences between the various estimates of ...
... 2009). From this literature three stylized facts emerge. First, there are differences—at times large—between the various estimates. Second, all have a large positive skew and in most cases it satisfies the definition of a fat tail. Third, there are large differences between the various estimates of ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.