Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration
... fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different that they deserved to be discussed in separate volumes. Carbon dioxide removal strategies, discussed in the first ...
... fraction of short-wavelength solar radiation reflected from Earth back into space) have traditionally been lumped together under the term “geoengineering” but are sufficiently different that they deserved to be discussed in separate volumes. Carbon dioxide removal strategies, discussed in the first ...
Climate Change in Queensland
... the only state-based climate science research centre in Australia. I commend the scientists for their expertise and commitment to world class climate change research. Clearly, there is plenty of new data showing we have some serious issues ahead of us but there is simply no benefit in shying away fr ...
... the only state-based climate science research centre in Australia. I commend the scientists for their expertise and commitment to world class climate change research. Clearly, there is plenty of new data showing we have some serious issues ahead of us but there is simply no benefit in shying away fr ...
Ireland in a Warmer World
... of the results produced by the two approaches, but the overall signal of wetter winters and drier summers is reflected consistently by both methods. Renewable energy sources are of growing importance. The impact of climate change on available wind energy is considered in Chapter 9. The simulations s ...
... of the results produced by the two approaches, but the overall signal of wetter winters and drier summers is reflected consistently by both methods. Renewable energy sources are of growing importance. The impact of climate change on available wind energy is considered in Chapter 9. The simulations s ...
disaster related human mobility within relevant pacific regional laws
... possible.” Thus, the Document stresses that abandoning one’s own country is the least preferred measure. At the same time, it was recognized that sea‑level rise and ocean acidification, coupled with destructive extreme weather events, have already prompted forced displacement, planned relocation an ...
... possible.” Thus, the Document stresses that abandoning one’s own country is the least preferred measure. At the same time, it was recognized that sea‑level rise and ocean acidification, coupled with destructive extreme weather events, have already prompted forced displacement, planned relocation an ...
Post-2012 Climate Change
... interests not positions is negotiating about the essential issues and concerns to a party as opposed to negotiating over a position which may as a result lead to the development of better options and outcomes. ...
... interests not positions is negotiating about the essential issues and concerns to a party as opposed to negotiating over a position which may as a result lead to the development of better options and outcomes. ...
Projections of Future Climate Change
... scaled assuming a value of −0.8 Wm−2 for 1990. Using the IS92 scenarios, the SAR gives a range for the global mean temperature change for 2100, relative to 1990, of +1 to +3.5°C. The estimated range for the six final illustrative SRES scenarios using updated methods is +1.4 to +5.6°C. The range for ...
... scaled assuming a value of −0.8 Wm−2 for 1990. Using the IS92 scenarios, the SAR gives a range for the global mean temperature change for 2100, relative to 1990, of +1 to +3.5°C. The estimated range for the six final illustrative SRES scenarios using updated methods is +1.4 to +5.6°C. The range for ...
Collateral transgression of planetary boundaries due to climate
... Revised: 26 September 2016 – Accepted: 27 September 2016 – Published: 31 October 2016 ...
... Revised: 26 September 2016 – Accepted: 27 September 2016 – Published: 31 October 2016 ...
international conventions, agencies, agreements and programmes
... Over this time period International priorities have also changed. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, for example, the realization that biodiversity was reducing and many species of animals and plants were under threat of extinction because of land use and climate changes. In response to the latter I ...
... Over this time period International priorities have also changed. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, for example, the realization that biodiversity was reducing and many species of animals and plants were under threat of extinction because of land use and climate changes. In response to the latter I ...
come heat and high water: climate risk in the southeastern us and
... Robert E. Rubin, Co-Chairman, Council on Foreign Relations; former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury George P. Shultz, Thomas W. and Susan B. Ford Distinguished Fellow at the Hoover Institution; former U.S. Secretary of State; former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury; former U.S. Secretary of Labor; forme ...
... Robert E. Rubin, Co-Chairman, Council on Foreign Relations; former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury George P. Shultz, Thomas W. and Susan B. Ford Distinguished Fellow at the Hoover Institution; former U.S. Secretary of State; former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury; former U.S. Secretary of Labor; forme ...
Children and Climate Change
... change, but they ought to be central to these debates because they—as well as future generations—have a much larger stake in the outcome than we do. Compared with adults, children are physically more vulnerable to the direct effects of extreme heat, drought, and natural disasters. Climate change’s i ...
... change, but they ought to be central to these debates because they—as well as future generations—have a much larger stake in the outcome than we do. Compared with adults, children are physically more vulnerable to the direct effects of extreme heat, drought, and natural disasters. Climate change’s i ...
An Inconvenient Trial - Digital Commons @ Liberty University
... possibility even of a war[,] . . . because it affects life itself on the planet.”11 In his 2006 book about global warming, former Vice President Albert A. Gore wrote, “I have learned that, beyond death and taxes, there is at least one absolutely indisputable fact: Not only does human-caused global w ...
... possibility even of a war[,] . . . because it affects life itself on the planet.”11 In his 2006 book about global warming, former Vice President Albert A. Gore wrote, “I have learned that, beyond death and taxes, there is at least one absolutely indisputable fact: Not only does human-caused global w ...
PDF
... limitations. Although the results are reasonably robust to the alternative damage and discounting assumptions, there are also wide uncertainties surrounding more distant climate impacts (beyond the 2100 horizon considered here), future emission trends, and the cross-country distribution of damages a ...
... limitations. Although the results are reasonably robust to the alternative damage and discounting assumptions, there are also wide uncertainties surrounding more distant climate impacts (beyond the 2100 horizon considered here), future emission trends, and the cross-country distribution of damages a ...
Institutionalizing delay
... 2 Resource mobilization of the U.S. climate change counter-movement This enumeration of the specific organizations that make up the CCCM allows for an analysis of the second question: How are these institutions maintained? One of the major influences on the institutional capacity of movement organiz ...
... 2 Resource mobilization of the U.S. climate change counter-movement This enumeration of the specific organizations that make up the CCCM allows for an analysis of the second question: How are these institutions maintained? One of the major influences on the institutional capacity of movement organiz ...
The Effects of Climate Change and Variation in New Zealand
... CLIMPACTS system), M. Camillieri and J. de Ruiter. In addition, there have been a number of external individuals and organisations, while not formally part of CLIMPACTS, have graciously contributed their time, ideas, models and/or data to its development, including: T.M.L. Wigley (National Centre fo ...
... CLIMPACTS system), M. Camillieri and J. de Ruiter. In addition, there have been a number of external individuals and organisations, while not formally part of CLIMPACTS, have graciously contributed their time, ideas, models and/or data to its development, including: T.M.L. Wigley (National Centre fo ...
Cities and Climate Change: An Urgent Agenda
... and supported by Cities Alliance, is discussed here. The URA lays out a comprehensive methodology for cities to assess both increasing risk from climate change, along with their already full agenda of current disaster risk reduction efforts and improved provision of basic services, especially to the ...
... and supported by Cities Alliance, is discussed here. The URA lays out a comprehensive methodology for cities to assess both increasing risk from climate change, along with their already full agenda of current disaster risk reduction efforts and improved provision of basic services, especially to the ...
Adaptation at the negotiations
... Copenhagen Accord • The Copenhagen Accord which was a political deal could not be adopted as a COP decision and was only taken note of • The Accord recognized the critical impacts of climate change and the need for adaptation by countries but mixed up adaptation to adverse effects of climate change ...
... Copenhagen Accord • The Copenhagen Accord which was a political deal could not be adopted as a COP decision and was only taken note of • The Accord recognized the critical impacts of climate change and the need for adaptation by countries but mixed up adaptation to adverse effects of climate change ...
The Contours of Cap and Trade: The Evolution of Emissions Trading
... other words, the Kyoto Protocol catalyzed the development of cap and trade as a governance mechanism for climate change, but it did little more than open space for developing this mechanism. In the intervening decade, actors at multiple levels (cities, states and provinces, corporations, and individ ...
... other words, the Kyoto Protocol catalyzed the development of cap and trade as a governance mechanism for climate change, but it did little more than open space for developing this mechanism. In the intervening decade, actors at multiple levels (cities, states and provinces, corporations, and individ ...
ADDENDUM: Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States AD
... marginally higher than the global average, with a concentration of warming in the winter and in higher latitudes. Reducing U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide, even by over 80 percent, will have no measurable effect on global mean surface temperature or other climate-change-related phenomena within any ...
... marginally higher than the global average, with a concentration of warming in the winter and in higher latitudes. Reducing U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide, even by over 80 percent, will have no measurable effect on global mean surface temperature or other climate-change-related phenomena within any ...
Joint Advocacy Workshop
... strategy: – The 1st National DRM Strategy: not mentioned about CC – The 2nd National DRM to 2020: one of viewpoints “….consistently study the impacts of climate change, sea level rise and other abnormal climatic conditions…” – The CBDRM: “… annually, each community will work out a plan on natural di ...
... strategy: – The 1st National DRM Strategy: not mentioned about CC – The 2nd National DRM to 2020: one of viewpoints “….consistently study the impacts of climate change, sea level rise and other abnormal climatic conditions…” – The CBDRM: “… annually, each community will work out a plan on natural di ...
Climate warming will reduce growth and survival of Scots pine
... In dividing populations and sites into these latitudinal bands, an attempt was made to balance the latitudinal range of each band and the number of experimental sites within each, as well as to match disjunctions in the distribution of sites and shifts in the response of growth and survival to MAT t ...
... In dividing populations and sites into these latitudinal bands, an attempt was made to balance the latitudinal range of each band and the number of experimental sites within each, as well as to match disjunctions in the distribution of sites and shifts in the response of growth and survival to MAT t ...
Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Design at the Port
... The few exceptions to these criteria have been included due to particularly innovative planning or execution and/or some other compelling feature. This report presents strategies and case studies organized by PANYNJ asset type – bridge, tunnel, port, airport, PATH, and associated buildings and facil ...
... The few exceptions to these criteria have been included due to particularly innovative planning or execution and/or some other compelling feature. This report presents strategies and case studies organized by PANYNJ asset type – bridge, tunnel, port, airport, PATH, and associated buildings and facil ...
The Wegman report
... lives are at stake, academic work should have a more intense level of scrutiny and review. It is especially the case that authors of policy-related documents like the IPCC report, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, should not be the same people as those that constructed the academic papers. ...
... lives are at stake, academic work should have a more intense level of scrutiny and review. It is especially the case that authors of policy-related documents like the IPCC report, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, should not be the same people as those that constructed the academic papers. ...
North American megadroughts in the Common Era
... NADA47 further highlights the sensitivity of these reconstructions to updates of the proxy network. The megadrought research community would therefore benefit from efforts to expand the proxy network over the more poorly sampled regions (e.g., the Central Plains) and time intervals (e.g., before 1000 ...
... NADA47 further highlights the sensitivity of these reconstructions to updates of the proxy network. The megadrought research community would therefore benefit from efforts to expand the proxy network over the more poorly sampled regions (e.g., the Central Plains) and time intervals (e.g., before 1000 ...
Climate Change in Latin America
... Climate Change was one of the most important issues on the agenda of the Lima EU-LAC Summit of May 2008 during which the firm commitment was made to jointly tackle this challenge. The aim of the EUrocLima Programme, identified in the Lima Declaration, is to promote knowledge sharing, fostering struc ...
... Climate Change was one of the most important issues on the agenda of the Lima EU-LAC Summit of May 2008 during which the firm commitment was made to jointly tackle this challenge. The aim of the EUrocLima Programme, identified in the Lima Declaration, is to promote knowledge sharing, fostering struc ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.