State of the climate 2012
... the natural range of 170 to 300 ppm during the past 800,000 years. Global CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere increased from 2009 to 2011 at 2 ppm per year. Over the same period, nitrous oxide increased at nearly 1 part per billion (ppb) per year and the synthetic greenhouse gases (CFCs, HFCs and s ...
... the natural range of 170 to 300 ppm during the past 800,000 years. Global CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere increased from 2009 to 2011 at 2 ppm per year. Over the same period, nitrous oxide increased at nearly 1 part per billion (ppb) per year and the synthetic greenhouse gases (CFCs, HFCs and s ...
What makes climate change?
... Heat Absorption by Ice Masses Arctic ice, Antarctic ice Mountain glaciers • Mt. Kilimanjaro glacier will disappear within 20 years • Chacaltaya glacier, Andes Mountains, will disappear in 7-8 years (water supply for La Paz, Bolivia) • Italian Alps will lose its permanent ice in 20-30 years • Gla ...
... Heat Absorption by Ice Masses Arctic ice, Antarctic ice Mountain glaciers • Mt. Kilimanjaro glacier will disappear within 20 years • Chacaltaya glacier, Andes Mountains, will disappear in 7-8 years (water supply for La Paz, Bolivia) • Italian Alps will lose its permanent ice in 20-30 years • Gla ...
Climate change and grasslands through the ages
... contracted and grasses came to great expansion some 20 mya during the Miocene. This is not only apparent from the fossil flora, but also from the adaptation of the teeth of mammals of that time. The earliest grasses were markedly adapted to moist and damp environments and occurred at the margins of ...
... contracted and grasses came to great expansion some 20 mya during the Miocene. This is not only apparent from the fossil flora, but also from the adaptation of the teeth of mammals of that time. The earliest grasses were markedly adapted to moist and damp environments and occurred at the margins of ...
Climate Change and Ozone Depletion
... warmer troposphere can decrease the ability of the ocean to remove and store CO2 by decreasing the nutrient supply for phytoplankton and increasing the acidity of ocean water. Global warming will lead to prolonged heat waves and droughts in some areas and prolonged heavy rains and increased floodi ...
... warmer troposphere can decrease the ability of the ocean to remove and store CO2 by decreasing the nutrient supply for phytoplankton and increasing the acidity of ocean water. Global warming will lead to prolonged heat waves and droughts in some areas and prolonged heavy rains and increased floodi ...
Hurricanes and Global Warming—Potential Linkages
... multidecadal variations in SSTs that are likely driven by variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC; Delworth and Mann 2000; Knight et al. 2005). Further, as shown by Dickson et al. (2002) and Curry et al. (2003), changes in the freshwater balance of the Atlantic Ocean over ...
... multidecadal variations in SSTs that are likely driven by variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC; Delworth and Mann 2000; Knight et al. 2005). Further, as shown by Dickson et al. (2002) and Curry et al. (2003), changes in the freshwater balance of the Atlantic Ocean over ...
AllanRP_NOCS_2014 - University of Reading, Meteorology
... • February 2014 - Comment on recent Nature Climate Change paper by England et al. (see also Guardian article). • August 2013 - Comment on recent Nature paper by Kosaka and Xie (see also BBC and Independent articles). ...
... • February 2014 - Comment on recent Nature Climate Change paper by England et al. (see also Guardian article). • August 2013 - Comment on recent Nature paper by Kosaka and Xie (see also BBC and Independent articles). ...
Information on sea and lake level rise
... Levels can change due to various factors such as land subsidence or El-Niño cycles, so it is not possible to attribute changes specifically to sea level rise. Measurements of relative lake level from the Belmont gauge indicate a rise of 2.6mm a year over the last 25 years, a 6.5 centimetre rise sinc ...
... Levels can change due to various factors such as land subsidence or El-Niño cycles, so it is not possible to attribute changes specifically to sea level rise. Measurements of relative lake level from the Belmont gauge indicate a rise of 2.6mm a year over the last 25 years, a 6.5 centimetre rise sinc ...
Chapter 20
... permafrost releasing more CO2 and CH4 into the troposphere. During the last century, the world’s sea level rose by 10-20 cm, mostly due to runoff from melting and land-based ice and the expansion of ocean water as temperatures rise. ...
... permafrost releasing more CO2 and CH4 into the troposphere. During the last century, the world’s sea level rose by 10-20 cm, mostly due to runoff from melting and land-based ice and the expansion of ocean water as temperatures rise. ...
Understanding Weather and Climate Ch 16
... number of weather disasters and unprecedented wild swings in Earth’s atmospheric circulation were like nothing I’ve seen.” (Masters, Jeff, 2011) ...
... number of weather disasters and unprecedented wild swings in Earth’s atmospheric circulation were like nothing I’ve seen.” (Masters, Jeff, 2011) ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.