PLOS Biology - University of Hawaii
... productivity [11] (additional responses may include sea-level rise and extreme weather events, which we do not analyze here but that certainly will add to the stress likely to be exerted by greenhouse gas emissions [10]). Several analyses predict that, by the year 2100, depending on the emission sce ...
... productivity [11] (additional responses may include sea-level rise and extreme weather events, which we do not analyze here but that certainly will add to the stress likely to be exerted by greenhouse gas emissions [10]). Several analyses predict that, by the year 2100, depending on the emission sce ...
Are there connections between the Earth`s magnetic field and climate?
... Understanding climate change is an active topic of research. Much of the observed increase in global surface temperature over the past 150 years occurred prior to the 1940s and after the 1980s. The main causes invoked are solar variability, changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas content or sulfur due ...
... Understanding climate change is an active topic of research. Much of the observed increase in global surface temperature over the past 150 years occurred prior to the 1940s and after the 1980s. The main causes invoked are solar variability, changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas content or sulfur due ...
Earth`s Energy Imbalance
... others. It can be estimated from climate model simulations, which in turn require validation to provide confidence in their results, and the results also depend on the veracity of the specified climate ...
... others. It can be estimated from climate model simulations, which in turn require validation to provide confidence in their results, and the results also depend on the veracity of the specified climate ...
Scale-dependent regional climate predictability over North America
... 3. CMIP5 multimodel historical experiments We form estimates of the internal variability in the climate means of summertime precipitation and surface air temperature during the period 1979–2004 using the multimodel ensemble of 38 CMIP5 historical simulations (Fig. S1 in electronic supplementary mate ...
... 3. CMIP5 multimodel historical experiments We form estimates of the internal variability in the climate means of summertime precipitation and surface air temperature during the period 1979–2004 using the multimodel ensemble of 38 CMIP5 historical simulations (Fig. S1 in electronic supplementary mate ...
Economics - American Association of Wine Economists
... wine farmers have several adaptation options to mitigate or offset the effects of climate change, adjustments to changing climates are likely to be slower for perennial crops like vines than for annual crops such as wheat, cotton, or corn. Vines are perennials with a productive lifetime of more than ...
... wine farmers have several adaptation options to mitigate or offset the effects of climate change, adjustments to changing climates are likely to be slower for perennial crops like vines than for annual crops such as wheat, cotton, or corn. Vines are perennials with a productive lifetime of more than ...
this publication
... (e.g. van Vuuren et al., 2008) and are needed for a higher than 50% chance that CO2 concentrations remain below 450 ppm. In addition, by achieving negative CO2 emissions in the second half of the ...
... (e.g. van Vuuren et al., 2008) and are needed for a higher than 50% chance that CO2 concentrations remain below 450 ppm. In addition, by achieving negative CO2 emissions in the second half of the ...
milessynthesis
... that OR Water Dept include climate change in long-term planning as a result of CIG’s work and media coverage. Governor Locke’s keynote address at state watershed ...
... that OR Water Dept include climate change in long-term planning as a result of CIG’s work and media coverage. Governor Locke’s keynote address at state watershed ...
Battle for the Climate Friday, 10.4.2015 5pm â 6pm
... Pascoe Sabido (Corporate European also known as the COP. The results of these summits have consistently lagged Observatory) behind the decisions we know to be necessary to avoid runaway climate chaos. Nicky Scordellis (Democracy Center, This year’s summit in Paris, it is said, will bring a new globa ...
... Pascoe Sabido (Corporate European also known as the COP. The results of these summits have consistently lagged Observatory) behind the decisions we know to be necessary to avoid runaway climate chaos. Nicky Scordellis (Democracy Center, This year’s summit in Paris, it is said, will bring a new globa ...
New American Media (Opinion), January 20, 2010, by Andrew
... agriculture and population growth will even increase this. New ideas for good watermanagement are needed. Marine pollution: The waters surrounding the Arabian Peninsula have probably received the largest share of oil pollution globally, vastly based on the 1991 Gulf War that caused the largest oil s ...
... agriculture and population growth will even increase this. New ideas for good watermanagement are needed. Marine pollution: The waters surrounding the Arabian Peninsula have probably received the largest share of oil pollution globally, vastly based on the 1991 Gulf War that caused the largest oil s ...
An analysis of climate trends in the Susquehanna River basin
... of climate change compared to eastern North America (IPCC 2007). Climate Trends and Impacts within Pennsylvania Pennsylvania encompasses 76% of the Susquehanna River basin (SRBC 2008). Within Pennsylvania alone, annual temperatures have been rising (USC 2008). Two of the most notable trends are that ...
... of climate change compared to eastern North America (IPCC 2007). Climate Trends and Impacts within Pennsylvania Pennsylvania encompasses 76% of the Susquehanna River basin (SRBC 2008). Within Pennsylvania alone, annual temperatures have been rising (USC 2008). Two of the most notable trends are that ...
Climate change and groundwater: a short review Geological Society
... surface water. Aquifers mitigate droughts as they have a high storage capacity and are less sensitive to climate change than surface water bodies. Surface water baseflow is, of course, groundwater discharging from store. ...
... surface water. Aquifers mitigate droughts as they have a high storage capacity and are less sensitive to climate change than surface water bodies. Surface water baseflow is, of course, groundwater discharging from store. ...
Chapter 2 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... 2.2 Basics of radiative forcing Solar radiation comes in, mostly reaching the surface Infrared radiation (IR) is the only way this heat input can be balanced by heat loss to space Since IR emissions depend on the Earth's temperature, the planet tends to adjust to a temperature where IR energy ...
... 2.2 Basics of radiative forcing Solar radiation comes in, mostly reaching the surface Infrared radiation (IR) is the only way this heat input can be balanced by heat loss to space Since IR emissions depend on the Earth's temperature, the planet tends to adjust to a temperature where IR energy ...
Applying the Precautionary Principle to Global Warming
... But regardless of how much confidence one may have in the ability of climate models to estimate globally-averaged climatic changes, the finer the geographic scale, the more uncertain the results. Fifth, these uncertain location-specific climatic changes serve as inputs to simplified and often inadeq ...
... But regardless of how much confidence one may have in the ability of climate models to estimate globally-averaged climatic changes, the finer the geographic scale, the more uncertain the results. Fifth, these uncertain location-specific climatic changes serve as inputs to simplified and often inadeq ...
Adapted from a Public Briefing
... understanding of climate and weather extremes in a changing climate: 1. The continued development and maintenance of high quality climate observing systems will improve our ability to monitor and detect future changes in climate extremes. 2. Efforts to digitize, homogenize, and analyze long-term obs ...
... understanding of climate and weather extremes in a changing climate: 1. The continued development and maintenance of high quality climate observing systems will improve our ability to monitor and detect future changes in climate extremes. 2. Efforts to digitize, homogenize, and analyze long-term obs ...
Impacts of climate change on plant food allergens: a previously
... demonstrate that allergenic food plants, like many other plants, are responsive to increases in [CO2] and temperature, and add weight to the suggestion that such atmospheric changes could influence their allergenic characteristics. In particular, for peanut, impacts on the peanut seeds themselves, s ...
... demonstrate that allergenic food plants, like many other plants, are responsive to increases in [CO2] and temperature, and add weight to the suggestion that such atmospheric changes could influence their allergenic characteristics. In particular, for peanut, impacts on the peanut seeds themselves, s ...
Slide 1
... warms. If their concentrations fall, more heat escapes, and Earth cools. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be about 30°C cooler than it is today. ...
... warms. If their concentrations fall, more heat escapes, and Earth cools. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be about 30°C cooler than it is today. ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... values for the general defaults and more disaggregated activity data characterized by relatively smaller uncertainties; Tier 3: Higher order methods involving detailed modeling and/or inventory measurement systems driven by data at a greater resolution that provide estimates with lower uncertainties ...
... values for the general defaults and more disaggregated activity data characterized by relatively smaller uncertainties; Tier 3: Higher order methods involving detailed modeling and/or inventory measurement systems driven by data at a greater resolution that provide estimates with lower uncertainties ...
Climate Change and Climate Variability
... Climate change is due to increase in concentration of GHGs. • Stern Review ( 2007) : ‘poorest countries and people will suffer earliest and most’. • Carbon dioxide concentrations, globally averaged surface temperature, and sea level are projected to increase under all IPCC emissions scenarios during ...
... Climate change is due to increase in concentration of GHGs. • Stern Review ( 2007) : ‘poorest countries and people will suffer earliest and most’. • Carbon dioxide concentrations, globally averaged surface temperature, and sea level are projected to increase under all IPCC emissions scenarios during ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.