Long-Term Ecological Records and Their Relevance to Climate
... modeling output and data from fossil and molecular records paint a bleak picture (Loarie et al. 2009). In Malcolm et al. (2002), which examined output from 14 general circulation models (GCMs) and global vegetation models (GVMs), the results indicated that for many plant species, rates of up to 1,00 ...
... modeling output and data from fossil and molecular records paint a bleak picture (Loarie et al. 2009). In Malcolm et al. (2002), which examined output from 14 general circulation models (GCMs) and global vegetation models (GVMs), the results indicated that for many plant species, rates of up to 1,00 ...
Effects of land use/land cover and climate changes on surface runoff
... Because the JRB transports the largest volume of sediment from the Loess Plateau to the Yellow River, hydrological studies of the basin have primarily assessed the impacts of soil and water conservation measures on surface runoff and sediment transport (e.g., Feng et al., 2012; He et al., 2015; Peng ...
... Because the JRB transports the largest volume of sediment from the Loess Plateau to the Yellow River, hydrological studies of the basin have primarily assessed the impacts of soil and water conservation measures on surface runoff and sediment transport (e.g., Feng et al., 2012; He et al., 2015; Peng ...
Vegetation limits the impact of a warm climate on boreal wildfires
... capture the future changes in the frequency of precipitation events that could cause the ...
... capture the future changes in the frequency of precipitation events that could cause the ...
challenges in quantifying changes in the global water cycle
... while the direct radiative effect of aerosols that scatter rather than absorb sunlight does not influence the rate at which precipitation increases with warming. Figure 1 illustrates this for climate models run under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) protocol (Taylor et al. 2 ...
... while the direct radiative effect of aerosols that scatter rather than absorb sunlight does not influence the rate at which precipitation increases with warming. Figure 1 illustrates this for climate models run under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) protocol (Taylor et al. 2 ...
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... different threshold values for these challenges. We then determine which sets of drivers best determine those SSPs. In consequence, our methodology is based on (i) an identification of potential drivers of challenges to mitigation and adaptation, (ii) a modeling exercise to explore the uncertainty s ...
... different threshold values for these challenges. We then determine which sets of drivers best determine those SSPs. In consequence, our methodology is based on (i) an identification of potential drivers of challenges to mitigation and adaptation, (ii) a modeling exercise to explore the uncertainty s ...
Global Warming-Guns
... effect of greenhouse gases. These greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane absorb heat that would otherwise escape from earth. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports, the earth’s temperature has increased by 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past century. More than half of ...
... effect of greenhouse gases. These greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane absorb heat that would otherwise escape from earth. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports, the earth’s temperature has increased by 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past century. More than half of ...
A Micro-econometric Analysis of Adaptation to Climate Change
... households. Furthermore, the destination choice and destination loyalty are strongly determined by risk aversion and motives of risk reduction and the perceptions of risk (e.g. Gitelson and Crompton 1984; Ryan 1995). This leads to the following hypothesis that is examined in the empirical analysis: ...
... households. Furthermore, the destination choice and destination loyalty are strongly determined by risk aversion and motives of risk reduction and the perceptions of risk (e.g. Gitelson and Crompton 1984; Ryan 1995). This leads to the following hypothesis that is examined in the empirical analysis: ...
Protecting Food Security of Mekong River Basin through Climate Change Adaptation A Regional Collaborative Effort – MRC Climate Change and Adaptation Initiative
... and -2 to 11% in Mekong Delta Yield increase is higher in A2 while yield decrease is higher in B2 High variation in yield from year to year indicates higher uncertainty of the climatic variables. Food security of the basin is unlikely to be affected by the increased population, and the impact of CC. ...
... and -2 to 11% in Mekong Delta Yield increase is higher in A2 while yield decrease is higher in B2 High variation in yield from year to year indicates higher uncertainty of the climatic variables. Food security of the basin is unlikely to be affected by the increased population, and the impact of CC. ...
climate change: challenges to sustainable development in india
... Rio Earth Summit in May 1992) aimed at achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt na ...
... Rio Earth Summit in May 1992) aimed at achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt na ...
EEAEU activities on climate change impacts, vulnerability and
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
joint submission - The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
... its effects.10, 11 While severe weather events affect rich and poor countries alike, poor and vulnerable communities are worst affected. Since 2008, close to 175 million people who live in developing countries have been displaced by disasters, accounting for 95 per cent of ...
... its effects.10, 11 While severe weather events affect rich and poor countries alike, poor and vulnerable communities are worst affected. Since 2008, close to 175 million people who live in developing countries have been displaced by disasters, accounting for 95 per cent of ...
An econometric analysis of determinants of climate change attitudes
... the general public. Only as from the last few years there has been a growing scientific consensus that climate change is a reality and that many human activities contribute to it in a negative way (Whitmarsh L., 2011; Doran and Zimmernan, 2009; Poortinga et al., 2011). According to the IPCC (2007), ...
... the general public. Only as from the last few years there has been a growing scientific consensus that climate change is a reality and that many human activities contribute to it in a negative way (Whitmarsh L., 2011; Doran and Zimmernan, 2009; Poortinga et al., 2011). According to the IPCC (2007), ...
Biological Impacts of Climate Change
... between two extremes: glacial (cold and dry) and interglacial (warm and wet) periods. Average Pleistocene temperature cycling from the beginning of a glacial period to the end of an interglacial period operated on a scale of about 100,000 years. Peak glacial periods were about 5°C cooler than curren ...
... between two extremes: glacial (cold and dry) and interglacial (warm and wet) periods. Average Pleistocene temperature cycling from the beginning of a glacial period to the end of an interglacial period operated on a scale of about 100,000 years. Peak glacial periods were about 5°C cooler than curren ...
Chapter 2 of Stern Review: approach to discounting
... Climate change results from greenhouse-gas emissions associated with economic activities including energy, industry, transport and land use. In common with many other environmental problems, human-induced climate change is at its most basic level an externality. Those who produce greenhouse-gas emis ...
... Climate change results from greenhouse-gas emissions associated with economic activities including energy, industry, transport and land use. In common with many other environmental problems, human-induced climate change is at its most basic level an externality. Those who produce greenhouse-gas emis ...
Climate Change and National Security
... droughts, heat waves, and storms. Each of these has potential consequences, direct and indirect, for national security. National security extends well beyond protecting the homeland against armed attack by other states, and indeed, beyond threats from people who purposefully seek to damage or destr ...
... droughts, heat waves, and storms. Each of these has potential consequences, direct and indirect, for national security. National security extends well beyond protecting the homeland against armed attack by other states, and indeed, beyond threats from people who purposefully seek to damage or destr ...
Assessing Future Climate Risks
... Climate scenarios are not restricted to Global Climate Models (GCM) output – any information about future climate utilised in an assessment will suffice. Even when scenarios are constructed in narrative form, or are based on broad projections of climate change (e.g., Section 5.5.1.2), plausibility a ...
... Climate scenarios are not restricted to Global Climate Models (GCM) output – any information about future climate utilised in an assessment will suffice. Even when scenarios are constructed in narrative form, or are based on broad projections of climate change (e.g., Section 5.5.1.2), plausibility a ...
Adaptation 101
... technique designed to provide moisture to farms during drought and drainage during heavy rains.17 And in Uganda, communities are using the radio and Internet to share early warning and climate information at the local level.18 In other words, given the proper resources, these communities can not onl ...
... technique designed to provide moisture to farms during drought and drainage during heavy rains.17 And in Uganda, communities are using the radio and Internet to share early warning and climate information at the local level.18 In other words, given the proper resources, these communities can not onl ...
Confronting Climate Change in New Mexico
... The degree of climate change will affect the amount of western land suitable for piñon pines in 2030. These maps depict areas modeled to be climatically suitable for the tree species under the recent historical (1961–1990) climate (left), conditions projected for 2030 given lower levels of heat-trap ...
... The degree of climate change will affect the amount of western land suitable for piñon pines in 2030. These maps depict areas modeled to be climatically suitable for the tree species under the recent historical (1961–1990) climate (left), conditions projected for 2030 given lower levels of heat-trap ...
adaptation
... AR4 WGII: Current knowledge about responding to climate change • Some adaptation is occurring now, to observed projected climate change, but on a very limited basis. • A wide array of adaptation options are available, but more extensive adaptation than is currently occurring is required to reduce vu ...
... AR4 WGII: Current knowledge about responding to climate change • Some adaptation is occurring now, to observed projected climate change, but on a very limited basis. • A wide array of adaptation options are available, but more extensive adaptation than is currently occurring is required to reduce vu ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
... Overall, the future effects of climate change on crop production are expected to be negative, at least for the major crops grown in the EMME. This could have important consequences for countries with economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. ...
... Overall, the future effects of climate change on crop production are expected to be negative, at least for the major crops grown in the EMME. This could have important consequences for countries with economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. ...
A critical assessment of George Monbiot`s scheme for a 90 per cent
... Bush Administration. dci advertises its ability to provide ‘third party support’ to clients and has been linked to several industry-funded coalitions that pose as grassroots organizations. ‘Corporations seldom win alone’, the group’s website says. ‘Whatever the issue, whatever the target—elected off ...
... Bush Administration. dci advertises its ability to provide ‘third party support’ to clients and has been linked to several industry-funded coalitions that pose as grassroots organizations. ‘Corporations seldom win alone’, the group’s website says. ‘Whatever the issue, whatever the target—elected off ...
Effect of climate and landcover change
... Stream discharge of a watershed is affected and altered by climate and landcover changes. These effects vary depending on the magnitude and interaction of the changes, and need to be understood so that local water resource availability can be evaluated and socioeconomic development within a watershe ...
... Stream discharge of a watershed is affected and altered by climate and landcover changes. These effects vary depending on the magnitude and interaction of the changes, and need to be understood so that local water resource availability can be evaluated and socioeconomic development within a watershe ...
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... John Bellamy Foster has drawn our attention to the “Lauderdale Paradox”, after the eighth Earl of Lauderdale. “The common sense of mankind,” Lauderdale contended, “would revolt” at any proposal to augment private riches “by creating a scarcity of any commodity generally useful and necessary to man”. ...
... John Bellamy Foster has drawn our attention to the “Lauderdale Paradox”, after the eighth Earl of Lauderdale. “The common sense of mankind,” Lauderdale contended, “would revolt” at any proposal to augment private riches “by creating a scarcity of any commodity generally useful and necessary to man”. ...
Climate impact on airborne particulate matter concentrations in
... and the Dudhia thermal diffusion land surface scheme. Notably, use of land surface schemes that explicitly consider soil moisture yielded considerably degraded performance for ambient relative humidity in California. The lack of soil moisture feedback disconnects the hydrology cycle from the air qua ...
... and the Dudhia thermal diffusion land surface scheme. Notably, use of land surface schemes that explicitly consider soil moisture yielded considerably degraded performance for ambient relative humidity in California. The lack of soil moisture feedback disconnects the hydrology cycle from the air qua ...