Topic 9: Plant Nutrition, Growth and Development (Chs. 36-39)
... 1. determine location and differentiation of basic tissue types 2. mutants with altered development used to find genes regulating development 3. more than 50 known 4. some broad similarities to pattern formation control in animals C. organ formation 1. homeotic (HOX) genes ...
... 1. determine location and differentiation of basic tissue types 2. mutants with altered development used to find genes regulating development 3. more than 50 known 4. some broad similarities to pattern formation control in animals C. organ formation 1. homeotic (HOX) genes ...
Plant Growth Regulators
... acid (IBA)(synthetic), napthaleneacetic acid (NAA)(synthetic), 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (24D)(synthetic) Hormone - indoleactic acid ...
... acid (IBA)(synthetic), napthaleneacetic acid (NAA)(synthetic), 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (24D)(synthetic) Hormone - indoleactic acid ...
Angiosperm Reproduction Student Notes File
... and it enters a period of _______________________ 2) Some seeds must go through a period of chilling called _____________________________ before they grow 2. Internal Factors (_________________________)- Powerful chemicals that cause most internal changes a) _________________________- stimulate elon ...
... and it enters a period of _______________________ 2) Some seeds must go through a period of chilling called _____________________________ before they grow 2. Internal Factors (_________________________)- Powerful chemicals that cause most internal changes a) _________________________- stimulate elon ...
Lecture #7
... • single layer of epidermal cells (parenchyma): covered by the cuticle • guard cells & stomata: upper and lower epidermis have stomata • upper surface has fewer stomata if any at all • trichomes – provide shade to the upper surface (deflects sunlight) and slow water loss through the stomata on the l ...
... • single layer of epidermal cells (parenchyma): covered by the cuticle • guard cells & stomata: upper and lower epidermis have stomata • upper surface has fewer stomata if any at all • trichomes – provide shade to the upper surface (deflects sunlight) and slow water loss through the stomata on the l ...
Chapter 45
... • Auxin controls phototrophism – growth towards light, in shoots • Gravitropism – growth to/away from gravity, in shoots and roots • Gravirtopism and phototrophism work together to cause shoot to grow upward ...
... • Auxin controls phototrophism – growth towards light, in shoots • Gravitropism – growth to/away from gravity, in shoots and roots • Gravirtopism and phototrophism work together to cause shoot to grow upward ...
Leaving Certificate Biology Topic iQuiz
... Which of the following conditions is the only one which could bring about a higher rate of transpiration? Closing the stomata ...
... Which of the following conditions is the only one which could bring about a higher rate of transpiration? Closing the stomata ...
Commercial Horticulture Production Week 1 Plant Science
... light levels) • Takes place in every living cell (inc. roots) • Requires oxygen, so anaerobic conditions are bad! • temperature = respiration = growth rate • High respiration in stores is not recommended ...
... light levels) • Takes place in every living cell (inc. roots) • Requires oxygen, so anaerobic conditions are bad! • temperature = respiration = growth rate • High respiration in stores is not recommended ...
plant final
... a. pollen grains. c. ovaries. b. cones. d. petals. 56. Which type of plant lives the longest? a. annual c. perennial b. biennial d. none of the above 57. If some of the xylem of a young oak tree were destroyed, it would most likely interfere with the tree’s ability to a. conduct sugars to the roots. ...
... a. pollen grains. c. ovaries. b. cones. d. petals. 56. Which type of plant lives the longest? a. annual c. perennial b. biennial d. none of the above 57. If some of the xylem of a young oak tree were destroyed, it would most likely interfere with the tree’s ability to a. conduct sugars to the roots. ...
Botany for the herbalist
... with the leaf shape and its placement on the stem, you can easily find what plant family your specimen belongs to, and probably what the actual genus (and even species) may be. There are three basic questions to ask when looking at a flower: 1. How many parts does the flower have? This refers to the ...
... with the leaf shape and its placement on the stem, you can easily find what plant family your specimen belongs to, and probably what the actual genus (and even species) may be. There are three basic questions to ask when looking at a flower: 1. How many parts does the flower have? This refers to the ...
Kingdom_Plantae_Notes
... o Bees are the most common insect pollinator. They locate flowers by odor, shape, color, and texture. The pollen is a food source for them and while collecting pollen, bees get it on their legs and carry it to another plant. o Some flowers are pollinated by insects such as butterflies and moths, whi ...
... o Bees are the most common insect pollinator. They locate flowers by odor, shape, color, and texture. The pollen is a food source for them and while collecting pollen, bees get it on their legs and carry it to another plant. o Some flowers are pollinated by insects such as butterflies and moths, whi ...
ch4
... Plants have three or four major sets of organs: roots, stems, leaves and, in some instances, flowers. Three basic tissue patterns occur in plants: woody dicots, herbaceous dicots and monocots. The principal tissues of plants are grouped together into larger units called tissue systems based on their ...
... Plants have three or four major sets of organs: roots, stems, leaves and, in some instances, flowers. Three basic tissue patterns occur in plants: woody dicots, herbaceous dicots and monocots. The principal tissues of plants are grouped together into larger units called tissue systems based on their ...
Ch.-2-notes - North Star Academy
... - blows the pollen from grass into the pistil of another grass plant - a pollen tube grows from the pollen into the ovary - the cell from the pollen and the egg cell in the ovary combine for fertilization to make a new plant ...
... - blows the pollen from grass into the pistil of another grass plant - a pollen tube grows from the pollen into the ovary - the cell from the pollen and the egg cell in the ovary combine for fertilization to make a new plant ...
Modified Year 8 Science T3 Plants 2014
... LEC Modified Year 8 Science - Term 3 (3 weeks) Unit: Plant Systems (3 Weeks) ...
... LEC Modified Year 8 Science - Term 3 (3 weeks) Unit: Plant Systems (3 Weeks) ...
Chapter 22 What is a plant? A multicellular eukaryote that has a cell
... Formation of wood: Wood is layers of xylem. As the plant grows, the xylem at the center is not used for transport and becomes heartwood. Lighter colored sapwood surrounds this, and is active in transport. Sapwood growth is seasonalwhen it grows fast, cells are large and light in color. When it grows ...
... Formation of wood: Wood is layers of xylem. As the plant grows, the xylem at the center is not used for transport and becomes heartwood. Lighter colored sapwood surrounds this, and is active in transport. Sapwood growth is seasonalwhen it grows fast, cells are large and light in color. When it grows ...
week 5, gymnosperms, angiosperms and flowering plants
... anthers and are shed. Fertilization is a double process. A sperm and egg come together, producing a zygote; at the same time, another sperm fuses with the polar nuclei to produce the endosperm. The endosperm is the tissue, unique to angiosperms, that nourishes the embryo and young plant. ...
... anthers and are shed. Fertilization is a double process. A sperm and egg come together, producing a zygote; at the same time, another sperm fuses with the polar nuclei to produce the endosperm. The endosperm is the tissue, unique to angiosperms, that nourishes the embryo and young plant. ...
2. THE ROOT
... into two equal and similar halves . E.g., Mustard , Brinjal . 2 Zygomorphic : these flowers can be 2.Zygomorphic divided into two equal halves by only one vertical division . E.g., Pea , Ocimum ...
... into two equal and similar halves . E.g., Mustard , Brinjal . 2 Zygomorphic : these flowers can be 2.Zygomorphic divided into two equal halves by only one vertical division . E.g., Pea , Ocimum ...
Plants – Characteristics and Function --
... is not vascular tissue. This is where nutrients are stored and where the plant does photosynthesis. 4. Vascular tissue are the cells involved in transporting water and nutrients through the plant. ...
... is not vascular tissue. This is where nutrients are stored and where the plant does photosynthesis. 4. Vascular tissue are the cells involved in transporting water and nutrients through the plant. ...
Lecture 2: Applications of Tissue Culture to Plant
... Relies on the production of organs either directly from an explant or callus structure ...
... Relies on the production of organs either directly from an explant or callus structure ...
Plant Transport and Tropisms
... • Cohesion holds the water column together as it moves upward through the xylem ...
... • Cohesion holds the water column together as it moves upward through the xylem ...
Tansley review
... over time is shown. How would you describe how this system works? What or who influences you in your description? In nearly 250 years of shoot apical meristem research, many would probably agree with the experience of being ‘thrilled by the translucent, glistening beauty of the apical meristem and s ...
... over time is shown. How would you describe how this system works? What or who influences you in your description? In nearly 250 years of shoot apical meristem research, many would probably agree with the experience of being ‘thrilled by the translucent, glistening beauty of the apical meristem and s ...
Plants
... The long, slender shape reduces leaf area, which, in turn, reduces the amount of water vapor escaping the leaf. (one time less surface are is an adaptation) Pine needles are shed year round – just not all at one time. ...
... The long, slender shape reduces leaf area, which, in turn, reduces the amount of water vapor escaping the leaf. (one time less surface are is an adaptation) Pine needles are shed year round – just not all at one time. ...
Plantastic Post Test
... 6. The cambium is a section of cells in a plant that can become either part of the xylem or phloem, depending on the growth and needs of the plant. If the cambium of a particular plant was damaged, what would be the most likely effect on the plant? A. The plant would lose its ability to carry out ph ...
... 6. The cambium is a section of cells in a plant that can become either part of the xylem or phloem, depending on the growth and needs of the plant. If the cambium of a particular plant was damaged, what would be the most likely effect on the plant? A. The plant would lose its ability to carry out ph ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.