IP Routing
... OSI network and OSI link layer. It is used when IPv4 is used over Ethernet. It is also used for IP over other LAN technologies, such as Token Ring, FDDI, or IEEE 802.11 , and for IP over ATM. ARP is a Link Layer protocol because it only operates on the local area network or point-to-point link t ...
... OSI network and OSI link layer. It is used when IPv4 is used over Ethernet. It is also used for IP over other LAN technologies, such as Token Ring, FDDI, or IEEE 802.11 , and for IP over ATM. ARP is a Link Layer protocol because it only operates on the local area network or point-to-point link t ...
Automotive Embedded System
... of short messages with high reliability in rugged operating environments. Because CAN is message based and not address based, it is especially well suited when data is needed by more than one location and system-wide data consistency is mandatory. Fault confinement is also a major benefit of CAN. ...
... of short messages with high reliability in rugged operating environments. Because CAN is message based and not address based, it is especially well suited when data is needed by more than one location and system-wide data consistency is mandatory. Fault confinement is also a major benefit of CAN. ...
Local-Area Networks
... This prevents the collision of data between two computers that want to send messages at the same time. The Token Ring protocol is the ...
... This prevents the collision of data between two computers that want to send messages at the same time. The Token Ring protocol is the ...
Packet Switching
... briefly, and then forwarded to the next node (Store-and-Forward Networks) Typically no capacity is allocated for packets 1: Introduction ...
... briefly, and then forwarded to the next node (Store-and-Forward Networks) Typically no capacity is allocated for packets 1: Introduction ...
Chapter 18 Internet Protocols
... • Upward or inward multiplexing —Multiple higher-level connections share single lowerlevel connection • More efficient use of lower-level service • Provides several higher-level connections where only single lower-level connection exists ...
... • Upward or inward multiplexing —Multiple higher-level connections share single lowerlevel connection • More efficient use of lower-level service • Provides several higher-level connections where only single lower-level connection exists ...
Lecture01
... How do loss and delay occur? packets queue in router buffers packet arrival rate to link exceeds output link ...
... How do loss and delay occur? packets queue in router buffers packet arrival rate to link exceeds output link ...
Networks and Interconnect
... information, once the message enters the network (Mbits/sec) – Transmission time : Time for message to pass through network transmission time = (message size)/bandwidth – Time of flight : Time for first bit of message to arrive at receiver – Transport latency : Time message spends in network transpo ...
... information, once the message enters the network (Mbits/sec) – Transmission time : Time for message to pass through network transmission time = (message size)/bandwidth – Time of flight : Time for first bit of message to arrive at receiver – Transport latency : Time message spends in network transpo ...
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications
... More efficient error control More equitable access to network facilities ...
... More efficient error control More equitable access to network facilities ...
PPT - TIME.mk
... Link State Routing Each router must do the following: A. Discover its neighbors, learn their network address. B. Measure the delay or cost to each of its neighbors. C. Construct a packet telling all it has just learned. D. Send this packet to all other routers. E. Compute the shortest path to every ...
... Link State Routing Each router must do the following: A. Discover its neighbors, learn their network address. B. Measure the delay or cost to each of its neighbors. C. Construct a packet telling all it has just learned. D. Send this packet to all other routers. E. Compute the shortest path to every ...
The Network Layer
... While leaving – ip, port are put in table, checksum is calculated and inserted into the packets. ...
... While leaving – ip, port are put in table, checksum is calculated and inserted into the packets. ...
Chapter11 - William Stallings, Data and Computer
... 0.6 and the average delay to wait for current transmission completion is one half a cell transmission time, what is the average time from arrival at the first Switch to the completion of transmission by the fifth for cell A? ...
... 0.6 and the average delay to wait for current transmission completion is one half a cell transmission time, what is the average time from arrival at the first Switch to the completion of transmission by the fifth for cell A? ...
an Overview of the Optelian FLEX architecture™
... Boost efficiency - Lower rate wavelengths do not make effective use of available bandwidth. CircuitFLEX service cards can aggregate lower data-rate services into 10 Gb/s or 100 Gb/s wavelengths, improving spectral efficiency versus transponder-only approaches. Connect dynamically - Traditional WDM n ...
... Boost efficiency - Lower rate wavelengths do not make effective use of available bandwidth. CircuitFLEX service cards can aggregate lower data-rate services into 10 Gb/s or 100 Gb/s wavelengths, improving spectral efficiency versus transponder-only approaches. Connect dynamically - Traditional WDM n ...
UNDERLAYS
and
MIDDLEBOXES
READING:
SECTION
8. COS
461:
Computer
Networks
Spring
2010
(MW
3:00‐4:20
in
COS
105)
... • Main idea: Virtual circuit – Packets forwarded based only on circuit idenNfier Source 1 Destination Source 2 ...
... • Main idea: Virtual circuit – Packets forwarded based only on circuit idenNfier Source 1 Destination Source 2 ...
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications
... Port number (TCP/IP) Service access point or SAP (OSI) ...
... Port number (TCP/IP) Service access point or SAP (OSI) ...
TERMINOLOGIES
... -The allocation of network resources in order to separate traffic flows according to different service characteristics to maintain network performance and to optimize resource utilization. ...
... -The allocation of network resources in order to separate traffic flows according to different service characteristics to maintain network performance and to optimize resource utilization. ...
Wide Area Network
... I added the static IP address of my peer router (R3), added a pre-shared key, chose my source address ...
... I added the static IP address of my peer router (R3), added a pre-shared key, chose my source address ...
Sep 27, 2007
...
– Request
<0013><6>
– Piece: is 0009+X and message ID is 7. The payload is
as follows:
X is block size
...
...
Dr. Steve Corbato, Internet2
... the 10-Gbps packet switched network Internet2’s 10-Gbps on the NLR national footprint MAN LAN experimental facility in New York • IEEAF(Tyco Telecom) 10-Gbps lambda between NYC Amsterdam ...
... the 10-Gbps packet switched network Internet2’s 10-Gbps on the NLR national footprint MAN LAN experimental facility in New York • IEEAF(Tyco Telecom) 10-Gbps lambda between NYC Amsterdam ...
Data Communication & Networking
... Both stations can transmit and receive simultaneously. ( telephone network) Like two way street with traffic flowing in both directions at the same time Signals going in either direction share the capacity of the link in two ways: Either the link must contain two physically separate transmis ...
... Both stations can transmit and receive simultaneously. ( telephone network) Like two way street with traffic flowing in both directions at the same time Signals going in either direction share the capacity of the link in two ways: Either the link must contain two physically separate transmis ...
Fluid Networking Description
... time. • Very small so it uses up limited bandwidth. • Each node – has no network knowledge – follows instructions (if any) provided on policy routing and maximum port bandwidth – processes each packet at wire speed in hardware Copyright 2006 Modern Systems Research ...
... time. • Very small so it uses up limited bandwidth. • Each node – has no network knowledge – follows instructions (if any) provided on policy routing and maximum port bandwidth – processes each packet at wire speed in hardware Copyright 2006 Modern Systems Research ...
Topic 12 – Wide Area Networks
... Space Division Switching – One of the switching techniques internal to a single circuit switching nodes – It was originally developed for the analog environment and has been carried over into the digital realm – As the name implies, a space division switch is one which the signal paths are physicall ...
... Space Division Switching – One of the switching techniques internal to a single circuit switching nodes – It was originally developed for the analog environment and has been carried over into the digital realm – As the name implies, a space division switch is one which the signal paths are physicall ...
Packet switching
Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably sized blocks, called packets, which are transmitted via a medium that may be shared by multiple simultaneous communication sessions. Packet switching increases network efficiency, robustness and enables technological convergence of many applications operating on the same network.Packets are composed of a header and payload. Information in the header is used by networking hardware to direct the packet to its destination where the payload is extracted and used by application software.Starting in the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted the heretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) (NPL) in the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.