5.14 The magnetospheric ring current. The largest component of the
... effectively a perfect conductor into which even the longest period external magnetic field cannot penetrate. However, 1-year variations can penetrate into the lower mantle. The very large range of conductivities found in the crust indicates the need for a corresponding large range of frequencies in ...
... effectively a perfect conductor into which even the longest period external magnetic field cannot penetrate. However, 1-year variations can penetrate into the lower mantle. The very large range of conductivities found in the crust indicates the need for a corresponding large range of frequencies in ...
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
... The Sun is not a solid body, and so it would not be expected to rotate rigidly. It rotates differentially: at the surface, the polar regions rotate more slowly than the equator, causing a shearing motion between solar plasma at different latitudes. At the equator, the solar synodic rotation period ...
... The Sun is not a solid body, and so it would not be expected to rotate rigidly. It rotates differentially: at the surface, the polar regions rotate more slowly than the equator, causing a shearing motion between solar plasma at different latitudes. At the equator, the solar synodic rotation period ...
Document
... Meteorites can provide accurate information on elemental abundances in the presolar nebula. More precise than solar spectra if data in some cases. Principal source for isotopic information. But some gases escape and cannot be determined this way (for example hydrogen, or noble gases) Not all meteori ...
... Meteorites can provide accurate information on elemental abundances in the presolar nebula. More precise than solar spectra if data in some cases. Principal source for isotopic information. But some gases escape and cannot be determined this way (for example hydrogen, or noble gases) Not all meteori ...
Generation of highly energetic electrons at
... released and transferred into a local heating of the coronal plasma, mass motions (e.g. jets), enhanced emission of electromagnetic radiation (from the radio up to the γray range), and energetic particles (e.g. electrons, protons, and heavy ions). The electrons play an important role, since they car ...
... released and transferred into a local heating of the coronal plasma, mass motions (e.g. jets), enhanced emission of electromagnetic radiation (from the radio up to the γray range), and energetic particles (e.g. electrons, protons, and heavy ions). The electrons play an important role, since they car ...
The Sun`s magnetic field
... Sun’s face to be routinely studied. The first reported telescopic view came from the English astronomer Thomas Harriot who sketched his findings in his notebook dated from 8th Dec 1610. Soon after, other observers – such as Galileo Galilei and David & Johannes Fabricius – tracked the progress of ind ...
... Sun’s face to be routinely studied. The first reported telescopic view came from the English astronomer Thomas Harriot who sketched his findings in his notebook dated from 8th Dec 1610. Soon after, other observers – such as Galileo Galilei and David & Johannes Fabricius – tracked the progress of ind ...
Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
... Describe the proton-proton cycle. What are the particles that start the cycle, what are the particles that are produced and how is the energy released? Describe the photosphere of the Sun. What does it look like, how thick is it, what is the temperature and how does it change with altitude and what ...
... Describe the proton-proton cycle. What are the particles that start the cycle, what are the particles that are produced and how is the energy released? Describe the photosphere of the Sun. What does it look like, how thick is it, what is the temperature and how does it change with altitude and what ...
IV. ASTRONOMY: THE SUN and the MOON
... b. This “differential rotation” stretches and tangles magnetic field lines, giving rise to sunspots. G. Solar eclipses occur when the Moon is exactly, between the Earth and the Sun. 1. The Moon casts a shadow in space, but this shadow can intersect earth only if the alignment is very good. a. Becaus ...
... b. This “differential rotation” stretches and tangles magnetic field lines, giving rise to sunspots. G. Solar eclipses occur when the Moon is exactly, between the Earth and the Sun. 1. The Moon casts a shadow in space, but this shadow can intersect earth only if the alignment is very good. a. Becaus ...
Tuesday Nov 14 Agenda Saturn`s Hurricane
... • They were further from the Sun and gravity was weaker • They formed beyond the frost line where ices can condense so they included hydrogen compounds • They were far enough from the Sun to escape the heavy bombardment that battered the early solar system ...
... • They were further from the Sun and gravity was weaker • They formed beyond the frost line where ices can condense so they included hydrogen compounds • They were far enough from the Sun to escape the heavy bombardment that battered the early solar system ...
SDO | SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY HTTP://WWW.NASA
... Many phenomena can be observed in this layer: filaments, spicules, periodic oscillations and even cool loops, which are similar to prominences but concentric and cooler. The uppermost layer is the corona, extending millions of kilometers into space. How do these processes affect the near-earth envir ...
... Many phenomena can be observed in this layer: filaments, spicules, periodic oscillations and even cool loops, which are similar to prominences but concentric and cooler. The uppermost layer is the corona, extending millions of kilometers into space. How do these processes affect the near-earth envir ...
Solar Magnetism in Little Ice Age, Orbits in Solar Ecliptic
... Sunspots form because the sun's equator rotates more quickly than its poles (25 days at the equator, 34 days at the poles). Being “frozen” into its gases, the magnetic field lines of the sun stretch, twist, are drawn out into loops and erupt through the sun's surface, forming sunspots. The intense m ...
... Sunspots form because the sun's equator rotates more quickly than its poles (25 days at the equator, 34 days at the poles). Being “frozen” into its gases, the magnetic field lines of the sun stretch, twist, are drawn out into loops and erupt through the sun's surface, forming sunspots. The intense m ...
Solar-cycle variation of low density solar wind during
... field, and energetic particle observations, including signatures of possible ejecta such as magnetic clouds, bidirectional solar wind electron heat fluxes, bidirectional energetic ions, and helium abundance enhancements [Gosling, 1990; Richardson and Cane, 1995; Richardson et al., 2000]. We identifi ...
... field, and energetic particle observations, including signatures of possible ejecta such as magnetic clouds, bidirectional solar wind electron heat fluxes, bidirectional energetic ions, and helium abundance enhancements [Gosling, 1990; Richardson and Cane, 1995; Richardson et al., 2000]. We identifi ...
18 O
... – mixing may only be active on surface where sufficient ionization is present – cannot affect Solar oxygen isotopic ratio ...
... – mixing may only be active on surface where sufficient ionization is present – cannot affect Solar oxygen isotopic ratio ...
Wednesday, November 5 - Otterbein University
... How do we know the Sun’s composition? • Take a spectrum of the Sun, i.e. let sunlight fall unto a prism • Map out the dark (Fraunhofer) lines in the spectrum • Compare with known lines (“fingerprints”) of the chemical elements • The more pronounced the lines, the more abundant the element ...
... How do we know the Sun’s composition? • Take a spectrum of the Sun, i.e. let sunlight fall unto a prism • Map out the dark (Fraunhofer) lines in the spectrum • Compare with known lines (“fingerprints”) of the chemical elements • The more pronounced the lines, the more abundant the element ...
The following slide show is a compilation of slides from... have been produced by different members of the fusion and...
... The following slide show is a compilation of slides from many previous similar slide shows that have been produced by different members of the fusion and plasma physics education community. We realize that some of the information contained herein must be updated. Please send comments, complaints, an ...
... The following slide show is a compilation of slides from many previous similar slide shows that have been produced by different members of the fusion and plasma physics education community. We realize that some of the information contained herein must be updated. Please send comments, complaints, an ...
AGU Fall 2011 SH34B-08
... In rotation, the constituent particles of a body move in concentric trajectories with velocities that depend upon their position in relation to the axis of rotation In revolution, the particles of the body move in parallel trajectories with identical velocities (aside from small differences produced ...
... In rotation, the constituent particles of a body move in concentric trajectories with velocities that depend upon their position in relation to the axis of rotation In revolution, the particles of the body move in parallel trajectories with identical velocities (aside from small differences produced ...
Document
... Most of the mass of the nebula becomes concentrated into one or more areas that become hot enough for nuclear fusion to start and thus a protosun is formed. The internal temperature reaches some 1,000,000 K. The number of atoms required to have accumulated is nearly 1057 atoms-more than all the sand ...
... Most of the mass of the nebula becomes concentrated into one or more areas that become hot enough for nuclear fusion to start and thus a protosun is formed. The internal temperature reaches some 1,000,000 K. The number of atoms required to have accumulated is nearly 1057 atoms-more than all the sand ...
The Sun - Our Star - Sierra College Astronomy Home Page
... Flares take place in active regions where a prominence is supported against gravity by magnetic field lines and then the magnetic field structure changes abruptly. Coronal gas may heat to 40 million K and X-rays and ultraviolet light are emitted. The Sun’s brightness may increase by 1% during an unu ...
... Flares take place in active regions where a prominence is supported against gravity by magnetic field lines and then the magnetic field structure changes abruptly. Coronal gas may heat to 40 million K and X-rays and ultraviolet light are emitted. The Sun’s brightness may increase by 1% during an unu ...
Print 2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting
... IMF had a large radial (planetward) component. As is well known at Earth, the orientation of the IMF strongly influences the structure and dynamics of the planetary bow shock, magnetopause, and magnetosphere, which in turn strongly affect how particles are transported and accelerated as they move th ...
... IMF had a large radial (planetward) component. As is well known at Earth, the orientation of the IMF strongly influences the structure and dynamics of the planetary bow shock, magnetopause, and magnetosphere, which in turn strongly affect how particles are transported and accelerated as they move th ...
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (50 pts
... D. both of them have very small masses compared to the Earth. E. the wind speeds are very high and produce a blue shift. 4. The single most important factor influencing a star’s evolution is A. the strength of its magnetic field. B. its rotation rate. C. its surface temperature. D. its mass. E. its ...
... D. both of them have very small masses compared to the Earth. E. the wind speeds are very high and produce a blue shift. 4. The single most important factor influencing a star’s evolution is A. the strength of its magnetic field. B. its rotation rate. C. its surface temperature. D. its mass. E. its ...
Astr40 HWII - Empyrean Quest Publishers
... 1. All of Newton's notions of space and time are adequate to handle motion at all speeds. A. True B. False 2. General Relativity gives us a new perspective on the force of Gravity. A. True B. False 3. Events happening at the same time (simultaneous) in one frame of reference are simultaneous in all ...
... 1. All of Newton's notions of space and time are adequate to handle motion at all speeds. A. True B. False 2. General Relativity gives us a new perspective on the force of Gravity. A. True B. False 3. Events happening at the same time (simultaneous) in one frame of reference are simultaneous in all ...
Solar SyStem - Lorenz Educational Press
... Sun has been spinning on its axis and exploding for about 5 billion years. The Sun is an average-size star, but seems larger because it is the star nearest to us—only 93,000,000 miles (150,000,000 km) away. This is a very, very long way, but the other stars are even farther out in space. Light from ...
... Sun has been spinning on its axis and exploding for about 5 billion years. The Sun is an average-size star, but seems larger because it is the star nearest to us—only 93,000,000 miles (150,000,000 km) away. This is a very, very long way, but the other stars are even farther out in space. Light from ...
HST Payload Processing at KSC
... – No, a little long and deviates from recent past but well within average – If minimum was in December 2008 SC 23 was about 12.6 years long, one standard deviation from the mean length, longest since SC 6 – We have have been spoiled with fairly regular cycles for 50 years ...
... – No, a little long and deviates from recent past but well within average – If minimum was in December 2008 SC 23 was about 12.6 years long, one standard deviation from the mean length, longest since SC 6 – We have have been spoiled with fairly regular cycles for 50 years ...
Formation of the Solar System
... Radiation Pressure and the Solar Wind Two other processes are also important for driving light gases from the inner part of the solar system. Radiation pressure: Photons act like particles and push whatever particles and dust they run into. ...
... Radiation Pressure and the Solar Wind Two other processes are also important for driving light gases from the inner part of the solar system. Radiation pressure: Photons act like particles and push whatever particles and dust they run into. ...
Lecture notes -
... Sun below the photosphere? • Application of the laws of physics (equations of stellar structure), find solution consistent with mass and radius of Sun • Measure “eigenmodes” of the Sun (see how fast it jiggles) • Results for how the sun is put together ...
... Sun below the photosphere? • Application of the laws of physics (equations of stellar structure), find solution consistent with mass and radius of Sun • Measure “eigenmodes” of the Sun (see how fast it jiggles) • Results for how the sun is put together ...
Corona
A corona (Latin, 'crown') is an aura of plasma that surrounds the sun and other celestial bodies. The Sun's corona extends millions of kilometres into space and is most easily seen during a total solar eclipse, but it is also observable with a coronagraph. The word ""corona"" is a Latin word meaning ""crown"", from the Ancient Greek κορώνη (korōnē, “garland, wreath”).The high temperature of the Sun's corona gives it unusual spectral features, which led some in the 19th century to suggest that it contained a previously unknown element, ""coronium"". Instead, these spectral features have since been explained by highly ionized iron (Fe-XIV). Bengt Edlén, following the work of Grotrian (1939), first identified the coronal lines in 1940 (observed since 1869) as transitions from low-lying metastable levels of the ground configuration of highly ionised metals (the green Fe-XIV line at 5303 Å, but also the red line Fe-X at 6374 Å). These high stages of ionisation indicate a plasma temperature in excess of 1,000,000 kelvin, much hotter than the surface of the sun.Light from the corona comes from three primary sources, which are called by different names although all of them share the same volume of space. The K-corona (K for kontinuierlich, ""continuous"" in German) is created by sunlight scattering off free electrons; Doppler broadening of the reflected photospheric absorption lines completely obscures them, giving the spectral appearance of a continuum with no absorption lines. The F-corona (F for Fraunhofer) is created by sunlight bouncing off dust particles, and is observable because its light contains the Fraunhofer absorption lines that are seen in raw sunlight; the F-corona extends to very high elongation angles from the Sun, where it is called the zodiacal light. The E-corona (E for emission) is due to spectral emission lines produced by ions that are present in the coronal plasma; it may be observed in broad or forbidden or hot spectral emission lines and is the main source of information about the corona's composition.