Conservation Laws in Ideal MHD - Harvard
... In ideal MHD, the magnetic field and plasma are frozen-in to each other ...
... In ideal MHD, the magnetic field and plasma are frozen-in to each other ...
Sample file
... Radiative Zone: The radiative zone extends beyond the Sun's core layer, for about another 55% of the Sun's radius. Energy from the nuclear fusion reactions in the core is carried through the plasma of the radiative zone by the sequential absorption and reemission of photons, or energy packets, by ga ...
... Radiative Zone: The radiative zone extends beyond the Sun's core layer, for about another 55% of the Sun's radius. Energy from the nuclear fusion reactions in the core is carried through the plasma of the radiative zone by the sequential absorption and reemission of photons, or energy packets, by ga ...
Beyond Ideal MHD - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
... ion and electron temperatures, neutrals, etc. Abandon the fluid approximation Keep track of particles/distribution functions directly ...
... ion and electron temperatures, neutrals, etc. Abandon the fluid approximation Keep track of particles/distribution functions directly ...
Solar space instrumentations and techniques
... • Sun’s thermal radiation: typically a satellite will be illuminated by the Sun on one side (T~6000K) and the Earth (T~300K) or space (~4K) on the other. • Ionising radiation - commercial electronics are not suitable as they are not radiation hard ...
... • Sun’s thermal radiation: typically a satellite will be illuminated by the Sun on one side (T~6000K) and the Earth (T~300K) or space (~4K) on the other. • Ionising radiation - commercial electronics are not suitable as they are not radiation hard ...
A single picture for solar coronal outflows and radio noise storms
... that the blue-shifts were associated with regions where the extrapolated coronal field lines appeared open. Similar suggestions were made by Harra et al. (2008) and Doschek et al. (2008). Baker et al. (2009) presented Hinode/EIS observations of NOAA 10942 and supplemented them with detailed magnetic ...
... that the blue-shifts were associated with regions where the extrapolated coronal field lines appeared open. Similar suggestions were made by Harra et al. (2008) and Doschek et al. (2008). Baker et al. (2009) presented Hinode/EIS observations of NOAA 10942 and supplemented them with detailed magnetic ...
The Sun`s X- ray Emission During the Recent Solar
... sensitive to X-rays with energy between 1 and 15 kiloelectron volts (0.8–10 angstroms). The detectors are silicon wafers with beryllium windows, which results in an energy resolution significantly better than many previous spacecraft spectrometers. The TESIS package [Kuzin et al., 2009] also includes ...
... sensitive to X-rays with energy between 1 and 15 kiloelectron volts (0.8–10 angstroms). The detectors are silicon wafers with beryllium windows, which results in an energy resolution significantly better than many previous spacecraft spectrometers. The TESIS package [Kuzin et al., 2009] also includes ...
Solar Probe: Mission to the Sun
... Determine the acceleration processes and find the source regions of the fast and slow solar wind at maximum and minimum solar activity; Locate the source and trace the flow of energy that heats the corona; Construct the three-dimensional coronal density configuration from pole to pole and determine ...
... Determine the acceleration processes and find the source regions of the fast and slow solar wind at maximum and minimum solar activity; Locate the source and trace the flow of energy that heats the corona; Construct the three-dimensional coronal density configuration from pole to pole and determine ...
The Space Environment It is a great privilege to be invited to share
... One class of these eruptions is called a solar flare in which large amounts of magnetic energy are released as gamma rays, x-rays and energetic particles. Flares are produced when the magnetic energy near the solar surface is used to accelerate particles to very high energies. This very high-energy ...
... One class of these eruptions is called a solar flare in which large amounts of magnetic energy are released as gamma rays, x-rays and energetic particles. Flares are produced when the magnetic energy near the solar surface is used to accelerate particles to very high energies. This very high-energy ...
Solar System Formation
... History of SS Formation theories 2 Theories of type (ii): • A passing star pulled some of the Sun’s atmosphere off via tidal forces. This former atmospheric material then coalesced and formed the planets (early 1900s) • The Sun captured material from passing interstellar clouds (1940s) ...
... History of SS Formation theories 2 Theories of type (ii): • A passing star pulled some of the Sun’s atmosphere off via tidal forces. This former atmospheric material then coalesced and formed the planets (early 1900s) • The Sun captured material from passing interstellar clouds (1940s) ...
Observation of the Bastille day flare on 2000 July 14
... Solar flare is a great amount of release of magnetic energy which could be up to 6 10 25 joules in tiny time, and meantime it would accelerate particles around the active region into chromospheres, then due to bumps between particles; it would emit electromagnetic wave such as HXR, radio and even ...
... Solar flare is a great amount of release of magnetic energy which could be up to 6 10 25 joules in tiny time, and meantime it would accelerate particles around the active region into chromospheres, then due to bumps between particles; it would emit electromagnetic wave such as HXR, radio and even ...
29-1
... _____ 1. Why do astronomers use special filters to look at the sun? a. The sun seems only one color otherwise. b. No telescope can view the sun otherwise. c. The sun’s brightness can damage one’s eyes. d. They view the sun only at night. _____ 2. What do scientists use to break up the sun’s light in ...
... _____ 1. Why do astronomers use special filters to look at the sun? a. The sun seems only one color otherwise. b. No telescope can view the sun otherwise. c. The sun’s brightness can damage one’s eyes. d. They view the sun only at night. _____ 2. What do scientists use to break up the sun’s light in ...
here
... takes 8 minutes. Alpha Centauri are really three stars all orbiting each other. One of these stars Proxima Centauri is the closest star to Earth next to our sun. There are many kinds of stars, big and small, close and far, bright and dim, some even change in brightness in a matter of hours (these ar ...
... takes 8 minutes. Alpha Centauri are really three stars all orbiting each other. One of these stars Proxima Centauri is the closest star to Earth next to our sun. There are many kinds of stars, big and small, close and far, bright and dim, some even change in brightness in a matter of hours (these ar ...
Does the Sun contribute to Climate Change
... A missing jet stream, fading spots, and slower activity near the poles say that our Sun is heading for a rest period Latitude-time plots of jet streams under the Sun's surface show the surprising shutdown of the solar cycle mechanism. New jet streams associated with a future 2018-2020 solar maximum ...
... A missing jet stream, fading spots, and slower activity near the poles say that our Sun is heading for a rest period Latitude-time plots of jet streams under the Sun's surface show the surprising shutdown of the solar cycle mechanism. New jet streams associated with a future 2018-2020 solar maximum ...
Turning over a new leaf
... (Fig. 1). The relationship also holds for flares over many orders of magnitude5, from socalled nanoflares on the Sun to stellar superflares. To understand this relationship we have to know a little bit about how both types of radiation are created. Cool stars have a surface temperature of just a few ...
... (Fig. 1). The relationship also holds for flares over many orders of magnitude5, from socalled nanoflares on the Sun to stellar superflares. To understand this relationship we have to know a little bit about how both types of radiation are created. Cool stars have a surface temperature of just a few ...
Intro to Spectroscopy
... Light has ‘fingerprints” which provide information about it How can we “read” these fingerprints and what do they tell us about the star? ...
... Light has ‘fingerprints” which provide information about it How can we “read” these fingerprints and what do they tell us about the star? ...
Fingerprints in Sunlight - VCI
... Light has ‘fingerprints” which provide information about it How can we “read” these fingerprints and what do they tell us about the star? ...
... Light has ‘fingerprints” which provide information about it How can we “read” these fingerprints and what do they tell us about the star? ...
The Sun - Super Teacher Worksheets
... “solar energy.” They’re probably talking about the technology that powers a house or heats a swimming pool. But there’s only one place that you can find true “solar energy”—the sun! Without the sun, there wouldn’t be life on earth. The sun provides us with both light and heat. It’s at the very cente ...
... “solar energy.” They’re probably talking about the technology that powers a house or heats a swimming pool. But there’s only one place that you can find true “solar energy”—the sun! Without the sun, there wouldn’t be life on earth. The sun provides us with both light and heat. It’s at the very cente ...
Lecture 5: Molecular Clouds (2) Dense Cores
... also polarize radiation through dichroic extinction. This is because the particles are irregular structures that tend to rotate about their shortest axes. Grain material has a small electric charge and is paramagnetic " grains acquire a magnetic moment M that points along the axis of rotation. Inter ...
... also polarize radiation through dichroic extinction. This is because the particles are irregular structures that tend to rotate about their shortest axes. Grain material has a small electric charge and is paramagnetic " grains acquire a magnetic moment M that points along the axis of rotation. Inter ...
Tailoring crystalline structure in N-doped TiO2 thin films: application to photocatalytic and biological reactions.
... doped with nitrogen (N-doped) by plasma sputtering in a helicon reactor. Changing the impinging ion energy resulted in changes in the crystalline nanocrystals from anatase to rutile. Moreover, introduction of nitrogen also resulted in changes in the crystalline structure. Results will be presented o ...
... doped with nitrogen (N-doped) by plasma sputtering in a helicon reactor. Changing the impinging ion energy resulted in changes in the crystalline nanocrystals from anatase to rutile. Moreover, introduction of nitrogen also resulted in changes in the crystalline structure. Results will be presented o ...
Lecture 11: Solar and stellar dynamos I: basic concepts
... while for negative αs, kcrit < k < 0. This means that the magnetic field growth occurs for small values of k (corresponding to large length scales). The observations imply that rapidly rotating stars show cyclic activity, although the activity patterns look fairly different from the solar ones (lar ...
... while for negative αs, kcrit < k < 0. This means that the magnetic field growth occurs for small values of k (corresponding to large length scales). The observations imply that rapidly rotating stars show cyclic activity, although the activity patterns look fairly different from the solar ones (lar ...
Solar Images Taken with Calcium K
... atmosphere—the solar chromosphere. These lines of ionized calcium are among the most sensitive indicators of the chromospheric structure of the Sun. They provide information on the shape and vertical height of solar atmospheric Fig. 3. Interstellar Ca II in the Spectrum of a Hot structures. They are ...
... atmosphere—the solar chromosphere. These lines of ionized calcium are among the most sensitive indicators of the chromospheric structure of the Sun. They provide information on the shape and vertical height of solar atmospheric Fig. 3. Interstellar Ca II in the Spectrum of a Hot structures. They are ...
Our Very Own Star: The Sun - Center for Math and Science Education
... and lighter spots, and the gases move and flow. ...
... and lighter spots, and the gases move and flow. ...
Letter of Intent for submission of a Mission Proposal for a Flexi
... slow wind originates in an unsteady fashion from the equatorial streamers. These are for most of the time magnetically closed, but seem to open intermittently to release abruptly mass ejections (CMEs) (see Figure 3.1) and more continuously the slow wind embedding the heliospheric current sheet. The ...
... slow wind originates in an unsteady fashion from the equatorial streamers. These are for most of the time magnetically closed, but seem to open intermittently to release abruptly mass ejections (CMEs) (see Figure 3.1) and more continuously the slow wind embedding the heliospheric current sheet. The ...
Corona
A corona (Latin, 'crown') is an aura of plasma that surrounds the sun and other celestial bodies. The Sun's corona extends millions of kilometres into space and is most easily seen during a total solar eclipse, but it is also observable with a coronagraph. The word ""corona"" is a Latin word meaning ""crown"", from the Ancient Greek κορώνη (korōnē, “garland, wreath”).The high temperature of the Sun's corona gives it unusual spectral features, which led some in the 19th century to suggest that it contained a previously unknown element, ""coronium"". Instead, these spectral features have since been explained by highly ionized iron (Fe-XIV). Bengt Edlén, following the work of Grotrian (1939), first identified the coronal lines in 1940 (observed since 1869) as transitions from low-lying metastable levels of the ground configuration of highly ionised metals (the green Fe-XIV line at 5303 Å, but also the red line Fe-X at 6374 Å). These high stages of ionisation indicate a plasma temperature in excess of 1,000,000 kelvin, much hotter than the surface of the sun.Light from the corona comes from three primary sources, which are called by different names although all of them share the same volume of space. The K-corona (K for kontinuierlich, ""continuous"" in German) is created by sunlight scattering off free electrons; Doppler broadening of the reflected photospheric absorption lines completely obscures them, giving the spectral appearance of a continuum with no absorption lines. The F-corona (F for Fraunhofer) is created by sunlight bouncing off dust particles, and is observable because its light contains the Fraunhofer absorption lines that are seen in raw sunlight; the F-corona extends to very high elongation angles from the Sun, where it is called the zodiacal light. The E-corona (E for emission) is due to spectral emission lines produced by ions that are present in the coronal plasma; it may be observed in broad or forbidden or hot spectral emission lines and is the main source of information about the corona's composition.