C-WIN 16
... be of benefit to the population after years of extremely poor spawning success and survival. Provisioning of reproductive effort by these older fish may reflect a bet-hedging tactic to insure population persistence.
... be of benefit to the population after years of extremely poor spawning success and survival. Provisioning of reproductive effort by these older fish may reflect a bet-hedging tactic to insure population persistence.
Overall, the population persists by maximizing growth, survival, and reproduc ...
Higher Trophic Levels Group - South Bay Salt Pond Restoration
... entire Pacific Flyway to determine whether declines are likely the result of SBSP Project, or the result of external factors (taking into account the downward trends in abundance of Forster’s Terns over last few decades, which are unrelated to salt pond conversion). * If declines are likely the resu ...
... entire Pacific Flyway to determine whether declines are likely the result of SBSP Project, or the result of external factors (taking into account the downward trends in abundance of Forster’s Terns over last few decades, which are unrelated to salt pond conversion). * If declines are likely the resu ...
Fish population size, and not density, as the determining factor of
... (Holopainen, Tonn & Paszkowski, 1997). In all sizeclasses the food during summer consists mainly of planktonic (cladocerans) or benthic invertebrates, but plant material, phytoplankton and detritus are also commonly found in gut contents (Holopainen, Tonn & Paszkowski, 1992). In winter the metabolic ...
... (Holopainen, Tonn & Paszkowski, 1997). In all sizeclasses the food during summer consists mainly of planktonic (cladocerans) or benthic invertebrates, but plant material, phytoplankton and detritus are also commonly found in gut contents (Holopainen, Tonn & Paszkowski, 1992). In winter the metabolic ...
HORIZONS Evolution of the Arctic Calanus
... with Arctic shelf seas. The reason for this difference in distribution is not well understood, although it has been suggested that the larger forms can better buffer their seasonally more stochastic feeding environment (Scott et al., 2000). The same explanation is implied for the plastic life cycle ...
... with Arctic shelf seas. The reason for this difference in distribution is not well understood, although it has been suggested that the larger forms can better buffer their seasonally more stochastic feeding environment (Scott et al., 2000). The same explanation is implied for the plastic life cycle ...
Hemolymph pH of Crassostrea virginica and Crassostrea airakensis
... Assess pH over time simultaneously with calcium and carbon dioxide concentration Assess hemolymph pH of gaping and ungaped oysters when exposed to low oxygen ...
... Assess pH over time simultaneously with calcium and carbon dioxide concentration Assess hemolymph pH of gaping and ungaped oysters when exposed to low oxygen ...
The Scientific Research Requirements of an Ecosystem
... Should fisheries management be concerned about population substructure? Prior to 1984, ESS cod composed of spring & fall spawning components ...
... Should fisheries management be concerned about population substructure? Prior to 1984, ESS cod composed of spring & fall spawning components ...
Temporal change in hard substrate communities 10-250 m, the Bahamas
... data on long-term changes in reef communities are lacking for many localities, results to date support the premise that shallow-reef communities are subject to moderate to high levels of .both biotic and abiotic disturbance (Hughes et al. 1985, Liddell and Ohlhorst 1986, 1992, Dustan and Halas 1987, ...
... data on long-term changes in reef communities are lacking for many localities, results to date support the premise that shallow-reef communities are subject to moderate to high levels of .both biotic and abiotic disturbance (Hughes et al. 1985, Liddell and Ohlhorst 1986, 1992, Dustan and Halas 1987, ...
California red-legged frog - Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project
... frogs (Pseudacris regilla), California mice (Peromyscus californicus) and even smaller life stages of their own species (P. Kleeman, USGS, per obs.). Larvae likely eat algae. CRLF occur in very diverse habitats which may differ among life stages and across the range. Adults are resident in dense, sh ...
... frogs (Pseudacris regilla), California mice (Peromyscus californicus) and even smaller life stages of their own species (P. Kleeman, USGS, per obs.). Larvae likely eat algae. CRLF occur in very diverse habitats which may differ among life stages and across the range. Adults are resident in dense, sh ...
351 - Biologylocker
... _____ 1. Biotic factors in a habitat include all the physical aspects as well as the living organisms. _____ 2. Biotic factors of a habitat include all abiotic factors. _____ 3. A change in the number of predators or prey in a food web can alter the entire ecosystem in which they live. _____ 4. A lo ...
... _____ 1. Biotic factors in a habitat include all the physical aspects as well as the living organisms. _____ 2. Biotic factors of a habitat include all abiotic factors. _____ 3. A change in the number of predators or prey in a food web can alter the entire ecosystem in which they live. _____ 4. A lo ...
Wei and Chow-Fraser 2006
... proposed a model based on water level fluctuations and lifehistory traits of different plant species under consideration (from seekbank/propagule information). However, as van der Valk pointed out, his model only predicted which species would be present, but not the relative abundance of species and ...
... proposed a model based on water level fluctuations and lifehistory traits of different plant species under consideration (from seekbank/propagule information). However, as van der Valk pointed out, his model only predicted which species would be present, but not the relative abundance of species and ...
Wellborn et al. (1996)
... in these habitats (196). Importantly, this constraint prevents colonization by many key predators found elsewhere on the gradient because fish and important predatory invertebrates such as dragonfly larvae are highly susceptible to pond drying. Temporary pond habitats thus often contain fewer predat ...
... in these habitats (196). Importantly, this constraint prevents colonization by many key predators found elsewhere on the gradient because fish and important predatory invertebrates such as dragonfly larvae are highly susceptible to pond drying. Temporary pond habitats thus often contain fewer predat ...
Chapter 16(18)-FA.indd
... of demersal trawl surveys using the swept areamethod (see Appendix A). Two different types of demersal survey were conducted in the area, i.e. the coastal and offshore surveys, both conducted in different areas and years. To determine the biomass for the total area, information from the offshore and ...
... of demersal trawl surveys using the swept areamethod (see Appendix A). Two different types of demersal survey were conducted in the area, i.e. the coastal and offshore surveys, both conducted in different areas and years. To determine the biomass for the total area, information from the offshore and ...
Evolution in fast forward: haplochromine fishes of the Lake Victoria
... this would have been the last unidirectional connection between the systems [3 11. Today the rivers are characterized by divides marked by a dense swampy watershed from which water flows in both directions [30,31]. They could be penetrated by lacustrine fishes only if it was much wetter during reflo ...
... this would have been the last unidirectional connection between the systems [3 11. Today the rivers are characterized by divides marked by a dense swampy watershed from which water flows in both directions [30,31]. They could be penetrated by lacustrine fishes only if it was much wetter during reflo ...
Interaction strength combinations and the overfishing of a marine
... few strong interactions (1–6), which appears to promote community persistence and stability (7–9). However, little is known about how interaction strengths are combined to form the simplest components of complex food webs (10, 11). An example of such a component is a tritrophic food chain (TFC) in w ...
... few strong interactions (1–6), which appears to promote community persistence and stability (7–9). However, little is known about how interaction strengths are combined to form the simplest components of complex food webs (10, 11). An example of such a component is a tritrophic food chain (TFC) in w ...
Disentangling the effects of water and nutrients for studying the
... The main objective of our study is to experimentally disentangle the respective roles of nutrient and water stress in driving plant interactions, and in particular facilitation in unproductive communities. We chose the coastal sand dunes in the southwest of France (Aquitaine region), and in particul ...
... The main objective of our study is to experimentally disentangle the respective roles of nutrient and water stress in driving plant interactions, and in particular facilitation in unproductive communities. We chose the coastal sand dunes in the southwest of France (Aquitaine region), and in particul ...
Potential for omnivory and apparent intraguild predation in rocky
... Herbivorous invertebrates and their food preferences are long recognized to play a key role in the functioning of rocky intertidal systems (Lubchenco 1978, Lubchenco & Gaines 1981). However, herbivores continue to be less studied than carnivores with regard to their nature as consumers and their tro ...
... Herbivorous invertebrates and their food preferences are long recognized to play a key role in the functioning of rocky intertidal systems (Lubchenco 1978, Lubchenco & Gaines 1981). However, herbivores continue to be less studied than carnivores with regard to their nature as consumers and their tro ...
Michigan Department of Natural Resources 2010-97 Status of the Fishery Resource Report
... bass fishing. Only 35, 2-3 in bass were captured in the survey, with no bass larger than 7 in. Bluegill, pumpkinseed and perch were all growing about one inch slower than state average. The growth rate of the few bass captured appeared to be similar to the panfish at age I, but then much slower by a ...
... bass fishing. Only 35, 2-3 in bass were captured in the survey, with no bass larger than 7 in. Bluegill, pumpkinseed and perch were all growing about one inch slower than state average. The growth rate of the few bass captured appeared to be similar to the panfish at age I, but then much slower by a ...
the impacts of introduced freshwater fishes in the
... Most of the invasive fishes have emanated from fishes introduced for the ornamental fish industry that have escaped or intentionally introduced into the wild and have become established. The list of 60 fishes reported in this study is by no means complete. The list of “Live Aquarium Fishes Allowed f ...
... Most of the invasive fishes have emanated from fishes introduced for the ornamental fish industry that have escaped or intentionally introduced into the wild and have become established. The list of 60 fishes reported in this study is by no means complete. The list of “Live Aquarium Fishes Allowed f ...
The Devon Beaver Project
... disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. A wide range of wetland ecosystems in Europe would have been dependant on an environment created and shaped by beavers over millennia. Beavers feel safe in water. They use existing wetlands, and the ponds and canals that t ...
... disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. A wide range of wetland ecosystems in Europe would have been dependant on an environment created and shaped by beavers over millennia. Beavers feel safe in water. They use existing wetlands, and the ponds and canals that t ...
What`s your trophic level and ecological efficiency
... Step B: Divide the sum of all portions for each diet TL by the total of all portions to yield the fraction of your diet coming from each trophic level (B = A ÷ total portions). Step C: Multiply the fraction by the diet trophic level value to yield the weighted contribution from each diet trophic lev ...
... Step B: Divide the sum of all portions for each diet TL by the total of all portions to yield the fraction of your diet coming from each trophic level (B = A ÷ total portions). Step C: Multiply the fraction by the diet trophic level value to yield the weighted contribution from each diet trophic lev ...
Managing Florida Ponds for Fishing - EDIS
... or by gravity feeding the rotenone through a perforated hose that is weighted at one end while moving across the deep areas. The reintroduction of unwanted fish species can occur from small pockets of water located upstream from the treated pond. To prevent this from happening, these areas should al ...
... or by gravity feeding the rotenone through a perforated hose that is weighted at one end while moving across the deep areas. The reintroduction of unwanted fish species can occur from small pockets of water located upstream from the treated pond. To prevent this from happening, these areas should al ...