AP Environmental Science Summer Reading
... 1. What do the authors mean when they say that humans are the only animals that use non-‐food energy? 2. What is energy? 3. What was the only source of heat at first? 4. What is Biomass? 5. What ...
... 1. What do the authors mean when they say that humans are the only animals that use non-‐food energy? 2. What is energy? 3. What was the only source of heat at first? 4. What is Biomass? 5. What ...
Ecology
... • Moves from autotrophs (plants) to heterotrophs (not plants) • Heterotrophs (aka. Consumers) – must consume energy; cannot make their own • Autotrophs (aka. Producers) – Produce their own energy • Most use radiant energy from the sun to produce chemical energy in the form of glucose sugar • What is ...
... • Moves from autotrophs (plants) to heterotrophs (not plants) • Heterotrophs (aka. Consumers) – must consume energy; cannot make their own • Autotrophs (aka. Producers) – Produce their own energy • Most use radiant energy from the sun to produce chemical energy in the form of glucose sugar • What is ...
Macroinvertebrate Mayhem Objectives INVERT INVESTIGATOR/Activity
... of some flies. Nymphs generally resemble adults, but have no wings and are usually smaller. A variety of environmental stressors can impact macroinvertebrate populations. Urban and/or agricultural runoff can produce conditions that some macroinvertebrates cannot tolerate. Sewage and fertilizers adde ...
... of some flies. Nymphs generally resemble adults, but have no wings and are usually smaller. A variety of environmental stressors can impact macroinvertebrate populations. Urban and/or agricultural runoff can produce conditions that some macroinvertebrates cannot tolerate. Sewage and fertilizers adde ...
When everything is not everywhere but species evolve - CERES
... the dynamics of marine communities and their physicochemical environment (e.g. ocean vertical and horizontal turbulence, nutrient availability, light and temperature variations) in a practical way is a major objective. In this perspective, ocean circulation models are an efficient tool to produce re ...
... the dynamics of marine communities and their physicochemical environment (e.g. ocean vertical and horizontal turbulence, nutrient availability, light and temperature variations) in a practical way is a major objective. In this perspective, ocean circulation models are an efficient tool to produce re ...
Depth segregation phenomenon and the macrofaunal diversity associated to
... The length frequency distribution and mean length variation against depth for Callista chione and Acanthocardia tuberculata populations at the two sampling areas are shown in Figure 1. In this study both species in both sites showed a decrease in the number of smaller individuals and an increase in ...
... The length frequency distribution and mean length variation against depth for Callista chione and Acanthocardia tuberculata populations at the two sampling areas are shown in Figure 1. In this study both species in both sites showed a decrease in the number of smaller individuals and an increase in ...
Mutualism: A Factor in Ecological Succession Through its Influence
... depends not upon modification of the environment by the previous community. but rather simply upon what species or individuals are first to expropriate the existing resources (Egler 1954). In both relay floristics and initial floristic composition. competition is considered to be very important. Emp ...
... depends not upon modification of the environment by the previous community. but rather simply upon what species or individuals are first to expropriate the existing resources (Egler 1954). In both relay floristics and initial floristic composition. competition is considered to be very important. Emp ...
Supplementary information Key groups of fishes There are several
... marine-freshwater forms, have been well developed. They have a relatively short generation time (nine months from hatching to maturity). In addition, the genome has been sequenced and partly annotated [58]. Adaptive peak shifts upon colonization of fresh water environments, at least with respect to ...
... marine-freshwater forms, have been well developed. They have a relatively short generation time (nine months from hatching to maturity). In addition, the genome has been sequenced and partly annotated [58]. Adaptive peak shifts upon colonization of fresh water environments, at least with respect to ...
DOC - FishBase
... We examined the resilience of fish species that reached the 'fully exploited' status for the first time in 1998 or 1999, following an approach suggested by Musick (1999) and life-history data from FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2000). Of these 24 new species (Table 3), 3 had high, 5 medium, 8 low, and 8 ...
... We examined the resilience of fish species that reached the 'fully exploited' status for the first time in 1998 or 1999, following an approach suggested by Musick (1999) and life-history data from FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2000). Of these 24 new species (Table 3), 3 had high, 5 medium, 8 low, and 8 ...
Study Guide for Final
... Identify biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Explain how energy is related to ecosystems. Recognize the types of relationships that organisms have to each other . Explain why plants are called producers. Identify the trophic levels occupied by herbivores and carnivores and why they are cal ...
... Identify biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Explain how energy is related to ecosystems. Recognize the types of relationships that organisms have to each other . Explain why plants are called producers. Identify the trophic levels occupied by herbivores and carnivores and why they are cal ...
Climate Change Effects and Adaptation Approaches in Freshwater
... Changes to stratification and eutrophication Changes to water input, level, and area Changes to the length and date of seasonal ice cover 5. Habitat loss, degradation, and conversion Trends toward warmer air temperatures, increased precipitation variability, decreased snowpack, and increased wildfir ...
... Changes to stratification and eutrophication Changes to water input, level, and area Changes to the length and date of seasonal ice cover 5. Habitat loss, degradation, and conversion Trends toward warmer air temperatures, increased precipitation variability, decreased snowpack, and increased wildfir ...
UV radiation changes algal stoichiometry but does not have
... in the quantity and quality of many biologically important molecules such as vitamins, amino acids and FA in phytoplankton can have complex, cascading impacts on higher trophic levels (Fraser et al., 1989; Graeve et al., 1994; Arts et al., 2009). The few studies that have investigated indirect effec ...
... in the quantity and quality of many biologically important molecules such as vitamins, amino acids and FA in phytoplankton can have complex, cascading impacts on higher trophic levels (Fraser et al., 1989; Graeve et al., 1994; Arts et al., 2009). The few studies that have investigated indirect effec ...
Artistic and Historical Monuments: Threatened Ecosystems
... types of organisms are involved: autotrophic and heterotrophic. The former— cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, mosses, and vascular plants— draw energy from sunlight through photosynthesis; thus, they do not use the substratum as an energy source but as a mere support or, at most, as a source of micronu ...
... types of organisms are involved: autotrophic and heterotrophic. The former— cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, mosses, and vascular plants— draw energy from sunlight through photosynthesis; thus, they do not use the substratum as an energy source but as a mere support or, at most, as a source of micronu ...
Food Webs and Trophic Cascades
... Food chains are no longer in tropical than presumably less productive temperate regions Energy flow hypothesis not supported No strong support for other ...
... Food chains are no longer in tropical than presumably less productive temperate regions Energy flow hypothesis not supported No strong support for other ...
Chapter 18: Interactions of Living Things
... This stream is a freshwater environment. It is home to many species of plants and animals. ...
... This stream is a freshwater environment. It is home to many species of plants and animals. ...
Duck–fish competition in boreal lakes – a review
... with different types of aquatic macrophyte architecture. Herbivorous invertebrate biomass was greater in more complex aquatic environments whereas predatory invertebrate biomass was greater in environments with simple plant architecture. Wetlands inhabited by Brook Stickleback (Culaea inconstans) ha ...
... with different types of aquatic macrophyte architecture. Herbivorous invertebrate biomass was greater in more complex aquatic environments whereas predatory invertebrate biomass was greater in environments with simple plant architecture. Wetlands inhabited by Brook Stickleback (Culaea inconstans) ha ...
Sustaining the Saco
... We used 29 species groups in the Saco estuary food web model (Table 1; Figure 2). These species groups are organized by trophic level, with primary producers at the bottom and top consumers at the top of the web. The apex predators of the ecosystem are the colonial water birds, which feed on small f ...
... We used 29 species groups in the Saco estuary food web model (Table 1; Figure 2). These species groups are organized by trophic level, with primary producers at the bottom and top consumers at the top of the web. The apex predators of the ecosystem are the colonial water birds, which feed on small f ...
Manual
... biotic portion of the environment is the living portion and includes all of the organisms present. The abiotic portion is the non-living factors of the environment often called the limiting factors. Abiotic parts of the environment include sunlight, temperature, precipitation or water available, and ...
... biotic portion of the environment is the living portion and includes all of the organisms present. The abiotic portion is the non-living factors of the environment often called the limiting factors. Abiotic parts of the environment include sunlight, temperature, precipitation or water available, and ...
The Balance of Nature: What Is It and Why Care?
... tial scale. If so, human actions that leave behind fragmented and less spatially connected ecosystems ought to put ecosystems at grave risk of collapse. In summary, there appears to be a balance of nature, but it is highly unlikely that we are talking about a system in equilibrium. Rather, the persi ...
... tial scale. If so, human actions that leave behind fragmented and less spatially connected ecosystems ought to put ecosystems at grave risk of collapse. In summary, there appears to be a balance of nature, but it is highly unlikely that we are talking about a system in equilibrium. Rather, the persi ...
Carrying Capacity of Ecosystems
... a whale’s skin perform no known service to the whale; however, the barnacle benefits from consuming the food particles that are in the water that flows over the whales body as it swims. ...
... a whale’s skin perform no known service to the whale; however, the barnacle benefits from consuming the food particles that are in the water that flows over the whales body as it swims. ...
Big APES Exam review questions for each unit
... 2. Using the appropriate terms for each body of water, explain how oceans and lakes are divided into different life zones. What are the vertical and horizontal life zones based upon? 3. Compare and contrast the biotic and abiotic factors of oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes. Describe the biotic and a ...
... 2. Using the appropriate terms for each body of water, explain how oceans and lakes are divided into different life zones. What are the vertical and horizontal life zones based upon? 3. Compare and contrast the biotic and abiotic factors of oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes. Describe the biotic and a ...
Is there an influence of historical events on contemporary fish
... 462 T. Oberdorff, B. Hugueny and J-F. Guégan richness. The first suggests that Western Europe and North America differ considerably topographically and, thus, with regard to the effects of glaciation, the richness of their fish faunas will also differ considerably. A possible factor in generating ...
... 462 T. Oberdorff, B. Hugueny and J-F. Guégan richness. The first suggests that Western Europe and North America differ considerably topographically and, thus, with regard to the effects of glaciation, the richness of their fish faunas will also differ considerably. A possible factor in generating ...
Ecosystem Responses to Disturbance
... First, we have destroyed, degraded and simplified the ecosystems. Second, we have strengthened pest populations by speeding up natural selection. Third, we have eliminated predators. Fourth, we have deliberately or accidentally introduced new species. Fifth, we have over harvested potentially renewa ...
... First, we have destroyed, degraded and simplified the ecosystems. Second, we have strengthened pest populations by speeding up natural selection. Third, we have eliminated predators. Fourth, we have deliberately or accidentally introduced new species. Fifth, we have over harvested potentially renewa ...
Dietary guild structure of the fish community in the Northeast United
... were divided by 1.1 to convert them to volumes (cm3) for continuity within the time series. Stomach contents during both periods were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Since stomach contents were identified in the laboratory during the earlier time period (1973 to 1980), the taxonom ...
... were divided by 1.1 to convert them to volumes (cm3) for continuity within the time series. Stomach contents during both periods were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Since stomach contents were identified in the laboratory during the earlier time period (1973 to 1980), the taxonom ...
Ecological Succession
... Damage to ecosystems can be caused by severe weather events or human activities. Systems with low biodiversity can be severely damaged easily. When biodiversity decreases in any ecosystem, that ecosystem is not as healthy as it could be. ...
... Damage to ecosystems can be caused by severe weather events or human activities. Systems with low biodiversity can be severely damaged easily. When biodiversity decreases in any ecosystem, that ecosystem is not as healthy as it could be. ...