1 Rheology: How Rocks Behave
... 2. Earth Interior Context for Deformation: The Earth’s interior is a giant heat engine, through radioactive decay, latent heat of crystallization, and tidal heating. The thermal gradient is ~25°C/km in the ...
... 2. Earth Interior Context for Deformation: The Earth’s interior is a giant heat engine, through radioactive decay, latent heat of crystallization, and tidal heating. The thermal gradient is ~25°C/km in the ...
Pre-Test: Chapter 7-Plate Tectonics
... 3. Evidence for sea-floor spreading has come from a. fossils in South America and Africa. c. ancient climatic conditions. b. magnetic minerals on the ocean floor. d. the breakup of Pangaea. ...
... 3. Evidence for sea-floor spreading has come from a. fossils in South America and Africa. c. ancient climatic conditions. b. magnetic minerals on the ocean floor. d. the breakup of Pangaea. ...
Rock Cycle, Igneous, and Sedimentary Rocks PowerPoint
... • Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high temperature and pressure, which cause changes in the rocks’ textures, mineralogy, and composition. • The three main types of metamorphism are regional, contact, and hydrothermal. • Metamorphic rocks are divided into two textura ...
... • Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high temperature and pressure, which cause changes in the rocks’ textures, mineralogy, and composition. • The three main types of metamorphism are regional, contact, and hydrothermal. • Metamorphic rocks are divided into two textura ...
Earth
... up from Earth’s interior emerging along a rift • Outflow in both directions creates new rocks • Drilling evidence – Thin sediment layers near ridge, becoming thicker toward continents – Older fossils and rocks near continents, becoming younger near rifts ...
... up from Earth’s interior emerging along a rift • Outflow in both directions creates new rocks • Drilling evidence – Thin sediment layers near ridge, becoming thicker toward continents – Older fossils and rocks near continents, becoming younger near rifts ...
Many fault-block mountain ranges are a horst and
... boundaries place stress and tension on the crustal rocks. They are deformed by folding and faulting. Mountains are classified by the way they are formed. Tensions at plate boundaries often form faults in the earth's crust. There are different types of faults. Normal faults are caused by horizontal t ...
... boundaries place stress and tension on the crustal rocks. They are deformed by folding and faulting. Mountains are classified by the way they are formed. Tensions at plate boundaries often form faults in the earth's crust. There are different types of faults. Normal faults are caused by horizontal t ...
True or False 1. Divergent boundaries can only be found in the
... 2. The Grand Tetons of Wyoming is an example of tilted-fault block mountain systems. (a) true (b) false 3. During El Niño years, Columbia River Basin’s streamflows tend to be low. (a) true (b) false 4. The Appalachians are older than the Rockies. (a) true (b) false Multiple choice 1. Terranes refer ...
... 2. The Grand Tetons of Wyoming is an example of tilted-fault block mountain systems. (a) true (b) false 3. During El Niño years, Columbia River Basin’s streamflows tend to be low. (a) true (b) false 4. The Appalachians are older than the Rockies. (a) true (b) false Multiple choice 1. Terranes refer ...
Outstanding geologic feature of Pennsylvania—Hawk
... features. A fee is charged to visit the site. ...
... features. A fee is charged to visit the site. ...
Utilization of Geologic Materials
... Volcanic origin rocks such as basalts and andesite can metamorphose into either gneisses, schists, or simply recrystallize with no preferred orientation. Shales and mudstones can progress from indurated shales to slate, phyllite, and then to schist and/or gneiss. The ultimate degree of metamorphism ...
... Volcanic origin rocks such as basalts and andesite can metamorphose into either gneisses, schists, or simply recrystallize with no preferred orientation. Shales and mudstones can progress from indurated shales to slate, phyllite, and then to schist and/or gneiss. The ultimate degree of metamorphism ...
Earth Interior and Plate tectonics
... • He pieced all the continents together to form a supercontinent called Pangaea (approximately 200 million years ago ...
... • He pieced all the continents together to form a supercontinent called Pangaea (approximately 200 million years ago ...
Module Plate Tectonics
... 4. In our model of the Earth which materials would represent the lithosphere? The asthenosphere? Part 2: Use the floating materials to determine the various ways that pieces of lithosphere can interact. 5. What happens when you push the sponge and the foam together? What type of plate boundary does ...
... 4. In our model of the Earth which materials would represent the lithosphere? The asthenosphere? Part 2: Use the floating materials to determine the various ways that pieces of lithosphere can interact. 5. What happens when you push the sponge and the foam together? What type of plate boundary does ...
The fate of continental fragments during subduction at high
... The behaviour of the continental crust subducted to high pressure (HP) conditions remains generally poorly known. Where continental HP-fragments are exhumed back to the surface, they provide insight into the processes occurring at convergent margins. This study is focussed on the central Sesia Zone, ...
... The behaviour of the continental crust subducted to high pressure (HP) conditions remains generally poorly known. Where continental HP-fragments are exhumed back to the surface, they provide insight into the processes occurring at convergent margins. This study is focussed on the central Sesia Zone, ...
EXAM 3
... 39. The bending of waves through different rock layers is called (1) ___________ whereas the bouncing of waves off of layer boundaries is called (2) ______________. A. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave interference B. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave reflection C. (1) wave reflection; (2) wave refraction D ...
... 39. The bending of waves through different rock layers is called (1) ___________ whereas the bouncing of waves off of layer boundaries is called (2) ______________. A. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave interference B. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave reflection C. (1) wave reflection; (2) wave refraction D ...
Word format
... 39. The bending of waves through different rock layers is called (1) ___________ whereas the bouncing of waves off of layer boundaries is called (2) ______________. A. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave interference B. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave reflection C. (1) wave reflection; (2) wave refraction D ...
... 39. The bending of waves through different rock layers is called (1) ___________ whereas the bouncing of waves off of layer boundaries is called (2) ______________. A. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave interference B. (1) wave refraction; (2) wave reflection C. (1) wave reflection; (2) wave refraction D ...
Understanding continental subduction: A work in
... A study by Froitzheim et al. (2016, p. 223 in this issue of Geology) adds new constraints to our rapidly evolving ideas and models regarding the process of continental subduction. Classic plate tectonics concepts suggested that continents do not subduct. Instead, when two continents collide at a con ...
... A study by Froitzheim et al. (2016, p. 223 in this issue of Geology) adds new constraints to our rapidly evolving ideas and models regarding the process of continental subduction. Classic plate tectonics concepts suggested that continents do not subduct. Instead, when two continents collide at a con ...
16 ppt
... If you have a rock made of CaO, MgO, SiO2, CO2, the group of minerals that form at a given P&T is the lowest overall G of all possibilities. Each mineral is a phase. Each group of minerals is an assemblage. ...
... If you have a rock made of CaO, MgO, SiO2, CO2, the group of minerals that form at a given P&T is the lowest overall G of all possibilities. Each mineral is a phase. Each group of minerals is an assemblage. ...
Pearson Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action
... There are 2 types of igneous rock: intrusive and extrusive Intrusive igneous rock forms underground slowly from hardened magma Extrusive igneous rock forms faster at Earth’s surface Examples of intrusive igneous rock include gabbro and granite An extrusive rock is basalt Some other kinds of igneous ...
... There are 2 types of igneous rock: intrusive and extrusive Intrusive igneous rock forms underground slowly from hardened magma Extrusive igneous rock forms faster at Earth’s surface Examples of intrusive igneous rock include gabbro and granite An extrusive rock is basalt Some other kinds of igneous ...
Blue Paper Questions
... a. a mineral like quartz which is stable over a broad temperature range? b. a mineral like chlorite, which is stable only over a narrow temperature range? 37. Which of the following would be unlikely to result in metamorphism of the rocks involved? a. intrusions of a nearby batholith d. collision of ...
... a. a mineral like quartz which is stable over a broad temperature range? b. a mineral like chlorite, which is stable only over a narrow temperature range? 37. Which of the following would be unlikely to result in metamorphism of the rocks involved? a. intrusions of a nearby batholith d. collision of ...
Chapter 7 Lecture PowerPoint Handout
... through fissures and cracks that develop in rock – Most widespread along the axis of the mid-ocean ridge system Figure 7.17 ...
... through fissures and cracks that develop in rock – Most widespread along the axis of the mid-ocean ridge system Figure 7.17 ...
Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics 02
... actually forced mantle rock on top of the crust, during the collision that formed Pangaea and the Appalachian mountains. This looks down the old plate boundary. ...
... actually forced mantle rock on top of the crust, during the collision that formed Pangaea and the Appalachian mountains. This looks down the old plate boundary. ...
Integrated Science Chapter 19 Notes Section 1: Earth`s Interior and
... • Earthquakes generally occur at the boundaries of tectonic plates, where the plates shift with respect to one another ⇒ As the plates move the rocks along their edges experience immense pressure ⇒ When the pressure is great enough the rocks break along the fault line, and the energy is released in ...
... • Earthquakes generally occur at the boundaries of tectonic plates, where the plates shift with respect to one another ⇒ As the plates move the rocks along their edges experience immense pressure ⇒ When the pressure is great enough the rocks break along the fault line, and the energy is released in ...
MA-1-6 The role of extrusive igneous rocks in exploration Andrew
... Volcanic rocks are less affected by compactional porosity loss than typical sandstone and carbonate reservoirs due to their greater mechanical strength and, can therefore form potential reservoirs in the deeper parts of basins where more conventional sandstone and carbonate reservoirs are unproducti ...
... Volcanic rocks are less affected by compactional porosity loss than typical sandstone and carbonate reservoirs due to their greater mechanical strength and, can therefore form potential reservoirs in the deeper parts of basins where more conventional sandstone and carbonate reservoirs are unproducti ...
Geology of Plutonic Rocks - Royal Institute of Technology
... • Unloading is one of the main reasons. • Igneous rocks are formed at up to 50 km depth. With 27Mpa/Km times 50 km = 1350 MPa pressure at the time of formation; uni directional!! Upon uplift this pressure is reduced and the rocks relax, with a vertical unload stress of 27 MPa. ...
... • Unloading is one of the main reasons. • Igneous rocks are formed at up to 50 km depth. With 27Mpa/Km times 50 km = 1350 MPa pressure at the time of formation; uni directional!! Upon uplift this pressure is reduced and the rocks relax, with a vertical unload stress of 27 MPa. ...
Crust and Upper Mantle Structure in Northeast of Tibet from
... Northeastern Tibet is an important place for understanding the growth of the Tibet plateau and its eastward extrusion. To distinguish the model responsible for the development of northeastern Tibet, we have analyzed Rayleigh wave data recorded by the Northeast Tibet Seismic (NETS) array and applied ...
... Northeastern Tibet is an important place for understanding the growth of the Tibet plateau and its eastward extrusion. To distinguish the model responsible for the development of northeastern Tibet, we have analyzed Rayleigh wave data recorded by the Northeast Tibet Seismic (NETS) array and applied ...
Bell Ringer 1-5-10
... 1. What conditions can cause a sedimentary or igneous rock to change into a metamorphic rock? 2. How do new minerals grow within existing rock? 3. Why do bands of minerals develop in most metamorphic rocks? 4. Would you expect to find foliated or nonfoliated metamorphic rocks net to a lave flow? Why ...
... 1. What conditions can cause a sedimentary or igneous rock to change into a metamorphic rock? 2. How do new minerals grow within existing rock? 3. Why do bands of minerals develop in most metamorphic rocks? 4. Would you expect to find foliated or nonfoliated metamorphic rocks net to a lave flow? Why ...
Algoman orogeny
The Algoman orogeny, known as the Kenoran orogeny in Canada, was an episode of mountain-building (orogeny) during the Late Archean Eon that involved repeated episodes of continental collisions, compressions and subductions. The Superior province and the Minnesota River Valley terrane collided about 2,700 to 2,500 million years ago. The collision folded the Earth's crust and produced enough heat and pressure to metamorphose the rock. Blocks were added to the Superior province along a 1,200 km (750 mi) boundary that stretches from present-day eastern South Dakota into the Lake Huron area. The Algoman orogeny brought the Archaen Eon to a close, about 2,500 million years ago; it lasted less than 100 million years and marks a major change in the development of the earth’s crust.The Canadian shield contains belts of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks formed by the action of metamorphism on volcanic and sedimentary rock. The areas between individual belts consist of granites or granitic gneisses that form fault zones. These two types of belts can be seen in the Wabigoon, Quetico and Wawa subprovinces; the Wabigoon and Wawa are of volcanic origin and the Quetico is of sedimentary origin. These three subprovinces lie linearly in southwestern- to northeastern-oriented belts about 140 km (90 mi) wide on the southern portion of the Superior Province.The Slave province and portions of the Nain province were also affected. Between about 2,000 and 1,700 million years ago these combined with the Sask and Wyoming cratons to form the first supercontinent, the Kenorland supercontinent.