Theory of Continental Drift
... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
Continental Drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics PDF
... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
appendix 3
... 2. Converging continental plates : In plate tectonics a convergent boundary, also known as a destructive plate boundary an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of lithosphere move toward one another and collide. As a result of pressure, friction, and plate mater ...
... 2. Converging continental plates : In plate tectonics a convergent boundary, also known as a destructive plate boundary an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of lithosphere move toward one another and collide. As a result of pressure, friction, and plate mater ...
Earthquake`s Seismic Waves
... within the mantle up toward the surface. 5. As they rise and approach the surface, convection currents diverge at the base of the lithosphere. The diverging currents exert a weak tension or “pull” on the solid plate above it. Tension and high heat flow weakens the floating, solid plate, causing it t ...
... within the mantle up toward the surface. 5. As they rise and approach the surface, convection currents diverge at the base of the lithosphere. The diverging currents exert a weak tension or “pull” on the solid plate above it. Tension and high heat flow weakens the floating, solid plate, causing it t ...
Chapter 7—Plate Tectonics Underlies All Earth
... from the underlying mantle. The “moho,” as it is sometimes called, is at a depth of about 70 kilometers below the surface of the continents and 6 to 14 km below the floor of the ocean. moncline (207): A simple bend or flexure in otherwise horizontal or uniformly dipping rock layers. normal fault (20 ...
... from the underlying mantle. The “moho,” as it is sometimes called, is at a depth of about 70 kilometers below the surface of the continents and 6 to 14 km below the floor of the ocean. moncline (207): A simple bend or flexure in otherwise horizontal or uniformly dipping rock layers. normal fault (20 ...
GEOLOGY AND TECTONICS OF NORTH
... Shillong plateau in the western part. The valley has been formed due to the deposition of sediments brought from the rising Himalaya to the north and Naga hills to the south. The valley is almost flat average elevation being less than 100 m. Beneath the alluvium a thick succession of Tertiary rocks ...
... Shillong plateau in the western part. The valley has been formed due to the deposition of sediments brought from the rising Himalaya to the north and Naga hills to the south. The valley is almost flat average elevation being less than 100 m. Beneath the alluvium a thick succession of Tertiary rocks ...
ES 104 key points about tectonics 1. The oceanic ridge system is the
... ES 104 key points about tectonics 1. The oceanic ridge system is the most prominent topographic feature on Earth’s surface a. It is a product of high heat flow lifting the lithosphere at the upwelling of a convection cell. The rift valley in the central area is a minor feature. b. Magma is created a ...
... ES 104 key points about tectonics 1. The oceanic ridge system is the most prominent topographic feature on Earth’s surface a. It is a product of high heat flow lifting the lithosphere at the upwelling of a convection cell. The rift valley in the central area is a minor feature. b. Magma is created a ...
ASSIGNMENT 1 - INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGY
... central organizing theory that pulls all the various aspects of Earth geology into a coherently understandable and predictable dynamic model of our ever-changing Earth. Give extra attention to the following key concepts in Chapter 2: a) the pre-PT theory – the continental drift hypothesis, and how i ...
... central organizing theory that pulls all the various aspects of Earth geology into a coherently understandable and predictable dynamic model of our ever-changing Earth. Give extra attention to the following key concepts in Chapter 2: a) the pre-PT theory – the continental drift hypothesis, and how i ...
UseIT Tutorial # 3 Earthquakes in the Southern California Fault
... The rupture displaces the fault, lowering the stress. The elastic rebound straightens the rock wall, but the fence exhibits a ...
... The rupture displaces the fault, lowering the stress. The elastic rebound straightens the rock wall, but the fence exhibits a ...
Tutorial_3_2011
... The rupture displaces the fault, lowering the stress. The elastic rebound straightens the rock wall, but the fence exhibits a ...
... The rupture displaces the fault, lowering the stress. The elastic rebound straightens the rock wall, but the fence exhibits a ...
Record - cloudfront.net
... place of origin by tectonic processes. Allochthonous: present place. ...
... place of origin by tectonic processes. Allochthonous: present place. ...
View paper
... One can see as well that properties depend on the type of volcanic rock (Figure 2). The two curves on each plot characterize the two main types of effusives such as basalts and andesites. Basalts are denser and stronger in comparison with andesites. It is observed that density, velocity and strength ...
... One can see as well that properties depend on the type of volcanic rock (Figure 2). The two curves on each plot characterize the two main types of effusives such as basalts and andesites. Basalts are denser and stronger in comparison with andesites. It is observed that density, velocity and strength ...
8. Intro to Oceanography and Seafloor
... Plates- Plate tectonics model suggests that the outer, rigid lithosphere of the earth consists of about twenty rigid segments known as "plates". ...
... Plates- Plate tectonics model suggests that the outer, rigid lithosphere of the earth consists of about twenty rigid segments known as "plates". ...
Earthquakes - Chapter 10
... Creation of fracture zones at faults by rupturing rocks Creation of new faults by rupturing rocks Shifting of rocks at preexisting faults Deformed rock straightens back to original shape, but offset from matching beds on the other side of the fault. ...
... Creation of fracture zones at faults by rupturing rocks Creation of new faults by rupturing rocks Shifting of rocks at preexisting faults Deformed rock straightens back to original shape, but offset from matching beds on the other side of the fault. ...
Rocks and Minerals in Hand Sample
... Much of what scientists can learn about rocks, be they from the earth or from outer space, they learn by looking at them, both in hand specimen and microscopically. The descriptive study of minerals and rocks is called Petrography, and it is a basic tool used by all earth scientists, even when they’ ...
... Much of what scientists can learn about rocks, be they from the earth or from outer space, they learn by looking at them, both in hand specimen and microscopically. The descriptive study of minerals and rocks is called Petrography, and it is a basic tool used by all earth scientists, even when they’ ...
13-1
... 39. Describe how a line of hot-spot volcanoes might have formed, if individual volcanoes do not have any particular age relationship to each another. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ ______________________ ...
... 39. Describe how a line of hot-spot volcanoes might have formed, if individual volcanoes do not have any particular age relationship to each another. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ ______________________ ...
Overheads shown in Lab on Geologic Maps
... • Line (on a map) or interface (in the real three-dimensional world) between adjacent rock units (formations) – Depositional contact: between adjacent sedimentary strata, lava flows, etc., or their metamorphic equivalents – Fault contact: between rock units that have strike-slip or dip-slip displace ...
... • Line (on a map) or interface (in the real three-dimensional world) between adjacent rock units (formations) – Depositional contact: between adjacent sedimentary strata, lava flows, etc., or their metamorphic equivalents – Fault contact: between rock units that have strike-slip or dip-slip displace ...
4.3 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
... larger if the magma cools slowly, as it does if it remains deep within the Earth. If the magma cools quickly, the crystals will be very small. • Weathering and erosion. Water, wind, ice, and even plants and animals all act to wear down rocks. Over time they can break larger rocks into smaller pieces ...
... larger if the magma cools slowly, as it does if it remains deep within the Earth. If the magma cools quickly, the crystals will be very small. • Weathering and erosion. Water, wind, ice, and even plants and animals all act to wear down rocks. Over time they can break larger rocks into smaller pieces ...
lab 8: common minerals in metamorphic rocks
... Shales are composed of clays, which are Al-rich silicates. Therefore shales are Si-Al-rich rocks, and contain variable amounts of K, Fe, and Mg. When shale is subjected to new pressure and temperature conditions during metamorphism, these chemical components will rearrange themselves to form a new a ...
... Shales are composed of clays, which are Al-rich silicates. Therefore shales are Si-Al-rich rocks, and contain variable amounts of K, Fe, and Mg. When shale is subjected to new pressure and temperature conditions during metamorphism, these chemical components will rearrange themselves to form a new a ...
Open File - Earth Science > Home
... What Kinds of Stress Can Act on Rocks? As Earth’s lithosphere moves, the rock in the crust is squeezed, stretched, and twisted. These actions put force on the rock. Stress is the amount of force applied to a given area of rock. Stress occurs when the lithosphere sinks and is squeezed by the weight o ...
... What Kinds of Stress Can Act on Rocks? As Earth’s lithosphere moves, the rock in the crust is squeezed, stretched, and twisted. These actions put force on the rock. Stress is the amount of force applied to a given area of rock. Stress occurs when the lithosphere sinks and is squeezed by the weight o ...
EPS116_chapter11
... Schistosity – refers to foliation found in coarse-grained, mica-rich, medium- to high grade metamorphic rocks with chlorite, biotite, or muscovite defining the foliation Mineral grains are coarse enough to be visible. Gneissic Foliation- develop in gneisses – coarse grained, metamorphic rocks - in wh ...
... Schistosity – refers to foliation found in coarse-grained, mica-rich, medium- to high grade metamorphic rocks with chlorite, biotite, or muscovite defining the foliation Mineral grains are coarse enough to be visible. Gneissic Foliation- develop in gneisses – coarse grained, metamorphic rocks - in wh ...
Theory Development
... formed as new information was learned about the nature of the ocean floor, Earth's ancient magnetism patterns, the location of volcanoes and earthquakes, the flow of heat from Earth's interior, and the worldwide distribution of plant and animal fossils. Earth's outermost layer, the lithosphere, is b ...
... formed as new information was learned about the nature of the ocean floor, Earth's ancient magnetism patterns, the location of volcanoes and earthquakes, the flow of heat from Earth's interior, and the worldwide distribution of plant and animal fossils. Earth's outermost layer, the lithosphere, is b ...
Volcano - geraldinescience
... • Some of the magma breaks through the overriding plate to Earth’s surface. • Over time, a string of volcanic mountains, called an island arc, forms on the overriding plate. ...
... • Some of the magma breaks through the overriding plate to Earth’s surface. • Over time, a string of volcanic mountains, called an island arc, forms on the overriding plate. ...
Petrogenetic and metallogenic significance of mafic
... Most of the mafic rocks examined from this area represent complexly deformed (e.g., two or more foliations) boudins of fine-grained basalt or gabbro. Textures in these rocks are typically annealed, such that polygonal grain boundaries have formed between amphibole and plagioclase. Preliminary struct ...
... Most of the mafic rocks examined from this area represent complexly deformed (e.g., two or more foliations) boudins of fine-grained basalt or gabbro. Textures in these rocks are typically annealed, such that polygonal grain boundaries have formed between amphibole and plagioclase. Preliminary struct ...
Algoman orogeny
The Algoman orogeny, known as the Kenoran orogeny in Canada, was an episode of mountain-building (orogeny) during the Late Archean Eon that involved repeated episodes of continental collisions, compressions and subductions. The Superior province and the Minnesota River Valley terrane collided about 2,700 to 2,500 million years ago. The collision folded the Earth's crust and produced enough heat and pressure to metamorphose the rock. Blocks were added to the Superior province along a 1,200 km (750 mi) boundary that stretches from present-day eastern South Dakota into the Lake Huron area. The Algoman orogeny brought the Archaen Eon to a close, about 2,500 million years ago; it lasted less than 100 million years and marks a major change in the development of the earth’s crust.The Canadian shield contains belts of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks formed by the action of metamorphism on volcanic and sedimentary rock. The areas between individual belts consist of granites or granitic gneisses that form fault zones. These two types of belts can be seen in the Wabigoon, Quetico and Wawa subprovinces; the Wabigoon and Wawa are of volcanic origin and the Quetico is of sedimentary origin. These three subprovinces lie linearly in southwestern- to northeastern-oriented belts about 140 km (90 mi) wide on the southern portion of the Superior Province.The Slave province and portions of the Nain province were also affected. Between about 2,000 and 1,700 million years ago these combined with the Sask and Wyoming cratons to form the first supercontinent, the Kenorland supercontinent.