Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
... Toxic side effects, both short and long-term, must be considered when the drugs have to be administered for a prolonged period, as in the treatment of HIV infections. These side effects may seriously compromise compliance (adherence to drug intake), and could, at least in part, be circumvented by a ...
... Toxic side effects, both short and long-term, must be considered when the drugs have to be administered for a prolonged period, as in the treatment of HIV infections. These side effects may seriously compromise compliance (adherence to drug intake), and could, at least in part, be circumvented by a ...
MILK BORNE DISEASES OR ILLNESS:
... Polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute, viral, infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route. Poliomyelitis denotes inflammation of spinal cord. This group of RNA viruses colonize the gastrointestinal tract — specifically the oropharynx and the intestine. T ...
... Polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute, viral, infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route. Poliomyelitis denotes inflammation of spinal cord. This group of RNA viruses colonize the gastrointestinal tract — specifically the oropharynx and the intestine. T ...
Hantaviruses
... * Numerous other hantaviruses have been identified but not linked to human disease ...
... * Numerous other hantaviruses have been identified but not linked to human disease ...
Disease-Causing Viruses and Microorganisms
... living because they cannot survive alone • They can reproduce only inside of other living things. A single infected cell may replicate thousands of viruses. The new viruses go on to infect other cells. ...
... living because they cannot survive alone • They can reproduce only inside of other living things. A single infected cell may replicate thousands of viruses. The new viruses go on to infect other cells. ...
A40-Disease Causing Organisms
... living because they cannot survive alone • They can reproduce only inside of other living things. A single infected cell may replicate thousands of viruses. The new viruses go on to infect other cells. ...
... living because they cannot survive alone • They can reproduce only inside of other living things. A single infected cell may replicate thousands of viruses. The new viruses go on to infect other cells. ...
joint press release of the German Cancer Research Center and the
... cell’s surface. In the case of HBV, a portion of the large surface protein (L protein) in the viral envelope binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on the liver cell, and subsequently mediates uptake of the virus particle into the cell where progeny viruses are produced. ‘The effectiveness of ...
... cell’s surface. In the case of HBV, a portion of the large surface protein (L protein) in the viral envelope binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on the liver cell, and subsequently mediates uptake of the virus particle into the cell where progeny viruses are produced. ‘The effectiveness of ...
HOSPITAL KUALA KUBU BHARU PHARMACY BULLETIN
... (lungs and breathing tubes). About 3-4 out of every 10 patients reported with MERS have died. Most of the people who died had an underlying medical condition. Some infected people had mild symptoms (such as cold-like symptoms) or no symptoms at all; they recovered. ...
... (lungs and breathing tubes). About 3-4 out of every 10 patients reported with MERS have died. Most of the people who died had an underlying medical condition. Some infected people had mild symptoms (such as cold-like symptoms) or no symptoms at all; they recovered. ...
227 KB - International Medical Press
... Flaviviridae family, related to hepatitis C [8,9]. It is unclear which host cells serve as the predominant reservoir for replicating GBV-C. Multiple genotypes have been described [10], but the clinical importance of these genotypes, with respect to host-viral interactions, remains unknown. As GBV-C ...
... Flaviviridae family, related to hepatitis C [8,9]. It is unclear which host cells serve as the predominant reservoir for replicating GBV-C. Multiple genotypes have been described [10], but the clinical importance of these genotypes, with respect to host-viral interactions, remains unknown. As GBV-C ...
Rhabdovirus (Rabies Virus)
... Physicochemical properties: Susceptible to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde, 70% ethanol, formaldehyde, and quarternary ammonium compounds. Inactivated on exposure to ultraviolet radiation, by heat (1 hour at 50°C), and by lipid solvents. Rabies virus is inactivated rapidly in sunlight and ...
... Physicochemical properties: Susceptible to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde, 70% ethanol, formaldehyde, and quarternary ammonium compounds. Inactivated on exposure to ultraviolet radiation, by heat (1 hour at 50°C), and by lipid solvents. Rabies virus is inactivated rapidly in sunlight and ...
Vertical Transmission of Murine Cytomegalovirus
... in vitro, but this may be an unusual occurrence. In the case of the EM-2 cells, infectious virus was not detected at any stage although significant virus gene expression was found by immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization. These results indicate that the asserted limitations of the murine syst ...
... in vitro, but this may be an unusual occurrence. In the case of the EM-2 cells, infectious virus was not detected at any stage although significant virus gene expression was found by immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization. These results indicate that the asserted limitations of the murine syst ...
Avian flu and pandem..
... A Pandemic WILL occur: the question is “when and how severe will it be”? ...
... A Pandemic WILL occur: the question is “when and how severe will it be”? ...
Interventions for Clients with Infection
... associated infections are infections acquired in the inpatient health care setting which were not present or incubating at admission. Endogenous infection is from a client’s flora. Exogenous infection is from outside the client, often from the hands of health care workers. ...
... associated infections are infections acquired in the inpatient health care setting which were not present or incubating at admission. Endogenous infection is from a client’s flora. Exogenous infection is from outside the client, often from the hands of health care workers. ...
Ebola Frequently Asked Questions: Version 2 (Updated 1 December
... the virus to other people once they have developed symptoms, such as fever. Even if someone has symptoms, it’s important to remember that the virus is only transmitted by direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person. The incubation period of Ebola ranges from 2 to 21 days. ...
... the virus to other people once they have developed symptoms, such as fever. Even if someone has symptoms, it’s important to remember that the virus is only transmitted by direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person. The incubation period of Ebola ranges from 2 to 21 days. ...
swine - Dr. Brahmbhatt`s Class Handouts
... virus isolation (VI), detection of PRRS antigen by fluorescent antibody tests (FAT) or immunohistochemistry (IHC), or detection of PRRS virus genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and be coupled with presence of typical lesions. serology provides indirect evidence of infection but does not d ...
... virus isolation (VI), detection of PRRS antigen by fluorescent antibody tests (FAT) or immunohistochemistry (IHC), or detection of PRRS virus genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and be coupled with presence of typical lesions. serology provides indirect evidence of infection but does not d ...
Why Ebola is Not likely to Become Airbrone
... and friends in close contact with Ebola patients are at the highest risk of getting sick because they may come in contact with infected blood or body fluids of patients who are very sick with Ebola. ...
... and friends in close contact with Ebola patients are at the highest risk of getting sick because they may come in contact with infected blood or body fluids of patients who are very sick with Ebola. ...
2. Exanthema
... • Rubella Rubella (German measles) is a disease caused by the rubella virus. Rubella is usually a mild illness. Most people who have had rubella or the vaccine are protected against the virus for the rest of their lives. ...
... • Rubella Rubella (German measles) is a disease caused by the rubella virus. Rubella is usually a mild illness. Most people who have had rubella or the vaccine are protected against the virus for the rest of their lives. ...
Zoonosis in xenotransplantation Clive Patience*, Yasuhiro
... and humans may be exposed to novel infections. Whether such risks would have raised this degree of interest if it were not for the recent outbreaks of new-variant Creuzfeld-Jacob disease, Ebola virus, Sin Nombre hantavirus, H5N1 influenza virus in Hong Kong, as well as the established association of ...
... and humans may be exposed to novel infections. Whether such risks would have raised this degree of interest if it were not for the recent outbreaks of new-variant Creuzfeld-Jacob disease, Ebola virus, Sin Nombre hantavirus, H5N1 influenza virus in Hong Kong, as well as the established association of ...
Lesson Virology. Morphology and structure of viruses. Methods of
... (A)*They participate in active transport of nutrients across the viral envelope membrane (B) They elicit antibody that neutralizes infectivity of the virus (C) They determine the species specificity of the virus-cell interaction (D)They protect the genetic material against nucleases 11. Which one of ...
... (A)*They participate in active transport of nutrients across the viral envelope membrane (B) They elicit antibody that neutralizes infectivity of the virus (C) They determine the species specificity of the virus-cell interaction (D)They protect the genetic material against nucleases 11. Which one of ...
14 Nov `09- Infectious Diseases Lesson Plan
... in North America, it can change to be resistant to the drugs that are used for treatment, which would be bad news. (can mention AIDs treatment) C. How is swine flu spread? Direct transmission and indirect transmission (airborne and vehicle borne) D. What are the symptoms? The symptoms of 2009 ...
... in North America, it can change to be resistant to the drugs that are used for treatment, which would be bad news. (can mention AIDs treatment) C. How is swine flu spread? Direct transmission and indirect transmission (airborne and vehicle borne) D. What are the symptoms? The symptoms of 2009 ...
Joint ECDC RIVM RKI Rapid Risk Assessment Schmallenberg virus
... zoonotic potential of SBV is absent or very low. ECDC fully supports the assessments results delivered by RIVM and RKI, which both conclude that it is very unlikely that SBV poses a risk to humans. As a general precaution, animal workers, farmers and veterinarians are advised to follow existing prot ...
... zoonotic potential of SBV is absent or very low. ECDC fully supports the assessments results delivered by RIVM and RKI, which both conclude that it is very unlikely that SBV poses a risk to humans. As a general precaution, animal workers, farmers and veterinarians are advised to follow existing prot ...
The Big 5 Food-borne bacteria
... • Gram-negative, non-spore forming motile rod, facultative anaerobe • Disease (salmonellosis): • Typhoid Fever, Gastroenteritis - Most common • Incubation: • 12 – 36 h for gastroenteritis • Illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. • Source: Intestinal tract, fec ...
... • Gram-negative, non-spore forming motile rod, facultative anaerobe • Disease (salmonellosis): • Typhoid Fever, Gastroenteritis - Most common • Incubation: • 12 – 36 h for gastroenteritis • Illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. • Source: Intestinal tract, fec ...
Infection Prevention Core Practices
... Intensify education when rates are not decreasing(IB) • Norovirus Guideline: Consider educational session and resources on prevention and management as part of annual training and when sporadic cases are detected (II) ...
... Intensify education when rates are not decreasing(IB) • Norovirus Guideline: Consider educational session and resources on prevention and management as part of annual training and when sporadic cases are detected (II) ...
New Meningitis Vaccine Keeps Your Teens Safer
... around infants younger than six months is vaccinated to help protect them since they cannot be vaccinated. Many people confuse influenza with “the stomach flu” which is a stomach virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea. These are two separate illnesses that are not related. Catching one does not pro ...
... around infants younger than six months is vaccinated to help protect them since they cannot be vaccinated. Many people confuse influenza with “the stomach flu” which is a stomach virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea. These are two separate illnesses that are not related. Catching one does not pro ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.