Ch 3 Notes
... • Classify organisms as producers, consumers, herbivores, scavengers, omnivores, decomposers, or detritivores. ...
... • Classify organisms as producers, consumers, herbivores, scavengers, omnivores, decomposers, or detritivores. ...
Ecosystem Unit
... Why is a vegetarian diet more E efficient than a meat-based diet? • E is lost • Higher up= less E • Eat a lower trophic level?? ...
... Why is a vegetarian diet more E efficient than a meat-based diet? • E is lost • Higher up= less E • Eat a lower trophic level?? ...
chp-5-PPT-edited-2014
... elements, several species must interact Photosynthetic organisms produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water From sugar and inorganic compound they make other organic compounds (protein, woody ...
... elements, several species must interact Photosynthetic organisms produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water From sugar and inorganic compound they make other organic compounds (protein, woody ...
Plants are - Yarra Hills Secondary College
... This explains why pyramids of biomass get smaller as they go up and why food chains are rarely more than 4 links ...
... This explains why pyramids of biomass get smaller as they go up and why food chains are rarely more than 4 links ...
MS - LS2 - 2 Construct an explanation that predicts
... Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems. A. I understand prey and predator interactions Directions: Read the following facts and answer 1-3 The Couch’s spadefoot frog has these characteristics. • Adults eat insects and spiders. • ...
... Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems. A. I understand prey and predator interactions Directions: Read the following facts and answer 1-3 The Couch’s spadefoot frog has these characteristics. • Adults eat insects and spiders. • ...
Things to know for Ecology Unit 2 Test - Clark
... Nitrification, Denitrification, Nitrogen Fixation, Role of bacteria in cycle, Role of animal waste in cycle, Role of decaying animals/ plants, NO2, NH3, Abiotic/ Biotic Factors Definition, Examples Autotrophs- Definition Types: chemosynthesis photosynthesis ...
... Nitrification, Denitrification, Nitrogen Fixation, Role of bacteria in cycle, Role of animal waste in cycle, Role of decaying animals/ plants, NO2, NH3, Abiotic/ Biotic Factors Definition, Examples Autotrophs- Definition Types: chemosynthesis photosynthesis ...
Introduction and Ecology Answers to Study Guide
... -reference quadrant - # individuals counted within a defined area of space (# trees in forest); organisms are usually stationary and too numerous to count -indirect counting – estimates of population size based upon evidence of organisms (nests, burrows, fecal remains, remains of prey) -mark-recaptu ...
... -reference quadrant - # individuals counted within a defined area of space (# trees in forest); organisms are usually stationary and too numerous to count -indirect counting – estimates of population size based upon evidence of organisms (nests, burrows, fecal remains, remains of prey) -mark-recaptu ...
Ecology - Fort Bend ISD
... – The carbon cycle moves carbon from the atmosphere, through the food web, and back to the atmosphere. – Carbon is emitted during the burning of fossil fuels. – Some carbon is stored for long periods of time in areas ...
... – The carbon cycle moves carbon from the atmosphere, through the food web, and back to the atmosphere. – Carbon is emitted during the burning of fossil fuels. – Some carbon is stored for long periods of time in areas ...
Multiple choice questions 1. If two populations separated by a
... Humans as vegetarians would be eating as primary consumers/2nd trophic level There is more energy available at this level / less at higher levels This would feed a larger world population 15. By means of a specific example, describe what is meant by the term carbon flux. (3 marks). Transfer of carbo ...
... Humans as vegetarians would be eating as primary consumers/2nd trophic level There is more energy available at this level / less at higher levels This would feed a larger world population 15. By means of a specific example, describe what is meant by the term carbon flux. (3 marks). Transfer of carbo ...
What is an Ecosystem? - Swampscott Middle School
... passes through the body, some of it is digested. This process of digestion releases energy. A food chain shows how each living thing gets its food. Some animals eat plants and some animals eat other animals. For example, a simple food chain links the trees & shrubs, the giraffes (that eat trees & sh ...
... passes through the body, some of it is digested. This process of digestion releases energy. A food chain shows how each living thing gets its food. Some animals eat plants and some animals eat other animals. For example, a simple food chain links the trees & shrubs, the giraffes (that eat trees & sh ...
Unit 12 Notes PPT
... *SUNLIGHT is the main source of energy* Photosynthesis - uses light energy to make "food" ...
... *SUNLIGHT is the main source of energy* Photosynthesis - uses light energy to make "food" ...
Ecology
... First level-producers and decomposers Primary consumers-usually herbivores Secondary consumersusually omnivores Tertiary consumers-usually carnivores ...
... First level-producers and decomposers Primary consumers-usually herbivores Secondary consumersusually omnivores Tertiary consumers-usually carnivores ...
Supplementary Data
... growth Inhibition to stimulation of growth according to species, shifts in species composition Possible indirect effects by change in the food web ...
... growth Inhibition to stimulation of growth according to species, shifts in species composition Possible indirect effects by change in the food web ...
Which statement best describes the relationship between free
... (C) The amount of free energy that is transferred to the environment as thermal energy at each trophic level is approximately 10%, which means that the total number of organisms that are supported at each successive trophic level is less because of several factors, including a reduced biomass and a ...
... (C) The amount of free energy that is transferred to the environment as thermal energy at each trophic level is approximately 10%, which means that the total number of organisms that are supported at each successive trophic level is less because of several factors, including a reduced biomass and a ...
Student Materials Short Film Some Animals Are More Equal than
... beetles were added to 40 of 80 plants. The light gray round markers represent measurements taken of the control plots, to which beetles were not added. The black square markers represent measurements taken of the experimental plots, to which beetles were added. Measurements were made on all leaves ...
... beetles were added to 40 of 80 plants. The light gray round markers represent measurements taken of the control plots, to which beetles were not added. The black square markers represent measurements taken of the experimental plots, to which beetles were added. Measurements were made on all leaves ...
Ch 3-4 Reading Guide
... a. In what form? 41. Ecologists discovered that trout were dying in a stream that ran through some farmland where nitrogen fertilizer was used on the crops. How might you explain what happened? ...
... a. In what form? 41. Ecologists discovered that trout were dying in a stream that ran through some farmland where nitrogen fertilizer was used on the crops. How might you explain what happened? ...
The Final Examination Location: ED 217
... Community Ecology Characteristics 4. Trophic Structure “Feeding Level”; the categories of organism in a community, and the position of an organism in a food web, defined by the organism’s sources of energy; includes producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, etc. ...
... Community Ecology Characteristics 4. Trophic Structure “Feeding Level”; the categories of organism in a community, and the position of an organism in a food web, defined by the organism’s sources of energy; includes producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, etc. ...
Food Webs and Symbiosis-Rainforests and Taiga
... Detritivores: Other than the producers and consumers, the food webs include yet another group known as the detritivores -‐ which consist of bacteria and fungi. These detritivores decompose plant matter and ...
... Detritivores: Other than the producers and consumers, the food webs include yet another group known as the detritivores -‐ which consist of bacteria and fungi. These detritivores decompose plant matter and ...
Ecology - Main Home
... mainly by TWO processes: • Photosynthesis the process by which producers convert sunlight into a useable form of energy CO2 in Ocean ...
... mainly by TWO processes: • Photosynthesis the process by which producers convert sunlight into a useable form of energy CO2 in Ocean ...
The World Within An Ecosystem
... All of the organisms within an ecosystem have different roles. These roles are called niches. Organisms can have more than one niche and knowing the niches of an organism can help to explain why they act and interact the way they do. To determine an organism's niche, you need to identify what it eat ...
... All of the organisms within an ecosystem have different roles. These roles are called niches. Organisms can have more than one niche and knowing the niches of an organism can help to explain why they act and interact the way they do. To determine an organism's niche, you need to identify what it eat ...
Community Ecology Review
... Estes, J. A. et al. Science 1998. Killer Whale Predation on Sea Otters Linking Oceanic and Nearshore ...
... Estes, J. A. et al. Science 1998. Killer Whale Predation on Sea Otters Linking Oceanic and Nearshore ...
2 Flow of Energy
... Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment. It is a major branch of biology, but has areas of overlap with geography, geology, climatology, and other sciences. The study of ecology begins with two fundamental concepts in ecology: the ecosystem and t ...
... Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment. It is a major branch of biology, but has areas of overlap with geography, geology, climatology, and other sciences. The study of ecology begins with two fundamental concepts in ecology: the ecosystem and t ...
Lecture 25: Trophic Cascades The world is GREEN (Hairston et al
... • High productivity: few herbivores (pred. limited), green • Intermediate: plants are pred. limited (prey can’t support predators) • High & Low productivity: plant competition • Intermediate: herbivore competition • High productivity: predator competition ...
... • High productivity: few herbivores (pred. limited), green • Intermediate: plants are pred. limited (prey can’t support predators) • High & Low productivity: plant competition • Intermediate: herbivore competition • High productivity: predator competition ...
Food web
A food web (or food cycle) is the natural interconnection of food chains and generally a graphical representation (usually an image) of what-eats-what in an ecological community. Another name for food web is a consumer-resource system. Ecologists can broadly lump all life forms into one of two categories called trophic levels: 1) the autotrophs, and 2) the heterotrophs. To maintain their bodies, grow, develop, and to reproduce, autotrophs produce organic matter from inorganic substances, including both minerals and gases such as carbon dioxide. These chemical reactions require energy, which mainly comes from the sun and largely by photosynthesis, although a very small amount comes from hydrothermal vents and hot springs. A gradient exists between trophic levels running from complete autotrophs that obtain their sole source of carbon from the atmosphere, to mixotrophs (such as carnivorous plants) that are autotrophic organisms that partially obtain organic matter from sources other than the atmosphere, and complete heterotrophs that must feed to obtain organic matter. The linkages in a food web illustrate the feeding pathways, such as where heterotrophs obtain organic matter by feeding on autotrophs and other heterotrophs. The food web is a simplified illustration of the various methods of feeding that links an ecosystem into a unified system of exchange. There are different kinds of feeding relations that can be roughly divided into herbivory, carnivory, scavenging and parasitism. Some of the organic matter eaten by heterotrophs, such as sugars, provides energy. Autotrophs and heterotrophs come in all sizes, from microscopic to many tonnes - from cyanobacteria to giant redwoods, and from viruses and bdellovibrio to blue whales.Charles Elton pioneered the concept of food cycles, food chains, and food size in his classical 1927 book ""Animal Ecology""; Elton's 'food cycle' was replaced by 'food web' in a subsequent ecological text. Elton organized species into functional groups, which was the basis for Raymond Lindeman's classic and landmark paper in 1942 on trophic dynamics. Lindeman emphasized the important role of decomposer organisms in a trophic system of classification. The notion of a food web has a historical foothold in the writings of Charles Darwin and his terminology, including an ""entangled bank"", ""web of life"", ""web of complex relations"", and in reference to the decomposition actions of earthworms he talked about ""the continued movement of the particles of earth"". Even earlier, in 1768 John Bruckner described nature as ""one continued web of life"".Food webs are limited representations of real ecosystems as they necessarily aggregate many species into trophic species, which are functional groups of species that have the same predators and prey in a food web. Ecologists use these simplifications in quantitative (or mathematical) models of trophic or consumer-resource systems dynamics. Using these models they can measure and test for generalized patterns in the structure of real food web networks. Ecologists have identified non-random properties in the topographic structure of food webs. Published examples that are used in meta analysis are of variable quality with omissions. However, the number of empirical studies on community webs is on the rise and the mathematical treatment of food webs using network theory had identified patterns that are common to all. Scaling laws, for example, predict a relationship between the topology of food web predator-prey linkages and levels of species richness.