Neurotransmitter and Neuromodulator Activity in
... preparation of these slices have been given elsewhere (Bradley and Sweazey, 1992). In our initial study we used sharp electrodes to record from the rNST neurons, but even with the very stable recording conditions provided by a brain slice it proved difficult to obtain and hold neurons (Bradley and S ...
... preparation of these slices have been given elsewhere (Bradley and Sweazey, 1992). In our initial study we used sharp electrodes to record from the rNST neurons, but even with the very stable recording conditions provided by a brain slice it proved difficult to obtain and hold neurons (Bradley and S ...
Lack of response suppression follows repeated ventral tegmental
... CB1 receptors. More recently, biochemical and whole-cell voltage-clamp studies carried out on CB1-transfected AtT20 cells have shown a rapid desensitization of these receptors following activation of protein kinase C by 4-a-phorbol. To investigate the possible physiological correlates of this phenom ...
... CB1 receptors. More recently, biochemical and whole-cell voltage-clamp studies carried out on CB1-transfected AtT20 cells have shown a rapid desensitization of these receptors following activation of protein kinase C by 4-a-phorbol. To investigate the possible physiological correlates of this phenom ...
November 2000 Volume 3 Number Supp pp 1184
... Low spontaneous and selective high-activity states In contrast to the model in Fig. 2, PFC neurons in vivo are never silent but fire spontaneously at rates of 1–10 Hz between different trials of a working memory task, outside a task context, or even during the delay phases if they are not tuned to t ...
... Low spontaneous and selective high-activity states In contrast to the model in Fig. 2, PFC neurons in vivo are never silent but fire spontaneously at rates of 1–10 Hz between different trials of a working memory task, outside a task context, or even during the delay phases if they are not tuned to t ...
Exploration of Variability of Arkypallidal and Prototypical Projections
... Patients suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, autism, Parkinson’s disease and bipolar disorders, are today treated with psychotherapeutic drugs developed from findings brought to light before 1960 in conjunction with clinical observation. Researchers are curr ...
... Patients suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, autism, Parkinson’s disease and bipolar disorders, are today treated with psychotherapeutic drugs developed from findings brought to light before 1960 in conjunction with clinical observation. Researchers are curr ...
PDF
... feature of cortical dynamics. In recent years, another line of research has attracted great interest: the observation of a bimodal distribution of the membrane potential defining up states and down states at the single cell level (Wilson & Kawaguchi, 1996; Steriade, Contreras, & Amzica, 1994; Contre ...
... feature of cortical dynamics. In recent years, another line of research has attracted great interest: the observation of a bimodal distribution of the membrane potential defining up states and down states at the single cell level (Wilson & Kawaguchi, 1996; Steriade, Contreras, & Amzica, 1994; Contre ...
No Slide Title
... COMPONENTS OF RESP CONTROL SENSORS RESPIRATORY CENTERS RESPONSE TO VARIOUS STIMULI SPECIAL SITUATIONS ...
... COMPONENTS OF RESP CONTROL SENSORS RESPIRATORY CENTERS RESPONSE TO VARIOUS STIMULI SPECIAL SITUATIONS ...
Anatomy and Neuroscience Research Projects for 2013
... department’s Honours Information Session, which is held mid September (details of the time and location will be advertised on our website from late August). This session is an opportunity to meet and talk with supervisors from all of the research laboratories in the department. Information about pro ...
... department’s Honours Information Session, which is held mid September (details of the time and location will be advertised on our website from late August). This session is an opportunity to meet and talk with supervisors from all of the research laboratories in the department. Information about pro ...
chapter1
... • Left: ISI of MT neuron, moving random dot image does not obey Poisson distribution 1.31 • Right: Adding random refractory period (5 § 2 ms) to Poisson process restores similarity. One can also use a ...
... • Left: ISI of MT neuron, moving random dot image does not obey Poisson distribution 1.31 • Right: Adding random refractory period (5 § 2 ms) to Poisson process restores similarity. One can also use a ...
Probing scale interaction in brain dynamics through synchronization
... or by more abstract models of neural excitation such as the integrate-and-fire model [3,4] or the FitzHugh–Nagumo model [5,6]. The set of equations representing each neuron’s membrane potential can be coupled in a way that mimics the synaptic junction. Thus, given a connectivity matrix, one can idea ...
... or by more abstract models of neural excitation such as the integrate-and-fire model [3,4] or the FitzHugh–Nagumo model [5,6]. The set of equations representing each neuron’s membrane potential can be coupled in a way that mimics the synaptic junction. Thus, given a connectivity matrix, one can idea ...
Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the
... were highly overlapping spatially (see Figure S2D for anatomical localization of networks). The majority of recording sites that selectively increased synchrony with one set of electrodes during one rule also increased synchrony with a different set of electrodes during the other rule (58% of electr ...
... were highly overlapping spatially (see Figure S2D for anatomical localization of networks). The majority of recording sites that selectively increased synchrony with one set of electrodes during one rule also increased synchrony with a different set of electrodes during the other rule (58% of electr ...
Artificial neural network
... techniques. A trained neural network can be thought of as an "expert" in the category of information it has been given to analyse. This expert can then be used to provide projections given new situations of interest and answer "what if" questions. ...
... techniques. A trained neural network can be thought of as an "expert" in the category of information it has been given to analyse. This expert can then be used to provide projections given new situations of interest and answer "what if" questions. ...
Dependence of the input-firing rate curve of neural cells on
... of neurons. Each of these neurons is connected to about 7000 of other neurons, creating a complex and sophisticated network. Simulating such an enormous network, is computationally almost impossible, certainly when taking into account all the different parameters of each neuron. These parameters inc ...
... of neurons. Each of these neurons is connected to about 7000 of other neurons, creating a complex and sophisticated network. Simulating such an enormous network, is computationally almost impossible, certainly when taking into account all the different parameters of each neuron. These parameters inc ...
Biological constraints limit the use of rapamycin
... in heat and cold sensation, including TRPV1 and TRPM8 [15-21]. Moreover, we recently found that thermosensation and nociceptive sensitization could be reduced by indirectly decreasing PIP2 concentration in DRG [22]. Here, we sought to directly and selectively reduce PIP2 concentration in the plasma ...
... in heat and cold sensation, including TRPV1 and TRPM8 [15-21]. Moreover, we recently found that thermosensation and nociceptive sensitization could be reduced by indirectly decreasing PIP2 concentration in DRG [22]. Here, we sought to directly and selectively reduce PIP2 concentration in the plasma ...
Are mesopontine cholinergic neurons either necessary or sufficient
... is necessary for EEG desynchrony. In fact, the most parsimonious interpretation is that either (1) activation of mesopontine cholinergic neurons is not functionally related to EEG desynchrony; or (2) in the absence of cholinergic neuronal activity, EEG desynchrony may occur via other means. Resoluti ...
... is necessary for EEG desynchrony. In fact, the most parsimonious interpretation is that either (1) activation of mesopontine cholinergic neurons is not functionally related to EEG desynchrony; or (2) in the absence of cholinergic neuronal activity, EEG desynchrony may occur via other means. Resoluti ...
Neural Darwinism
... or that binds them into a scene consisting of different objects. An adequate theory of higher brain function mu$ account for this “binding problem” without invoking preexisting instructions from a computer executive or a homunculus. All these observations challenge the instructionist ...
... or that binds them into a scene consisting of different objects. An adequate theory of higher brain function mu$ account for this “binding problem” without invoking preexisting instructions from a computer executive or a homunculus. All these observations challenge the instructionist ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation
... neuronal activities are directly rewarded without behaviors. We discuss the potential of this approach to elucidate neuronal plasticity for enhancing specific brain functions and its interaction with the progress in neurorehabilitation and brain–machine interfaces. The key to-be-conditioned activiti ...
... neuronal activities are directly rewarded without behaviors. We discuss the potential of this approach to elucidate neuronal plasticity for enhancing specific brain functions and its interaction with the progress in neurorehabilitation and brain–machine interfaces. The key to-be-conditioned activiti ...
Mitochondrial DNA deletions are abundant and
... highly nonuniform manner among different tissues and within the same tissue, particularly among different areas of the brain5,6. Some brain areas have been reported to sustain a few orders of magnitude more deletions than others. It is tempting to hypothesize that mtDNA mutations, although rare on a ...
... highly nonuniform manner among different tissues and within the same tissue, particularly among different areas of the brain5,6. Some brain areas have been reported to sustain a few orders of magnitude more deletions than others. It is tempting to hypothesize that mtDNA mutations, although rare on a ...
Astrocyteneuron interaction in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal
... FIGURE 2: Comparison of the effects of ATP and Bz-ATP on neurons and astrocytes in the SG of the thoracolumbar spinal cord; effects of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid transmitters. Whole-cell patch clamp measurements were used. A: Concentration– response relationship for Bz-ATP (a) and ATP (b) ...
... FIGURE 2: Comparison of the effects of ATP and Bz-ATP on neurons and astrocytes in the SG of the thoracolumbar spinal cord; effects of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid transmitters. Whole-cell patch clamp measurements were used. A: Concentration– response relationship for Bz-ATP (a) and ATP (b) ...
Mimicking the Extracellular Matrix
... Pressure ulcers, commonly known as bedsores, are skin lesions caused by unrelieved pressure on an area of the body and friction. Bedsores are an example of chronic inflammation and are typically treated with topical ointments containing drugs and moisturizers as well as turning the patient to reliev ...
... Pressure ulcers, commonly known as bedsores, are skin lesions caused by unrelieved pressure on an area of the body and friction. Bedsores are an example of chronic inflammation and are typically treated with topical ointments containing drugs and moisturizers as well as turning the patient to reliev ...
Gain-of-function mutation in Nav 1.7 in familial
... et al., 1995). Proband and control templates produced similar amplicons which were purified and sequenced. Sequence analysis identified a T-to-G transversion in exon 23 (E23), corresponding to position 4393 of the reference sequence (see Supplementary material). This mutation substitutes phenylalani ...
... et al., 1995). Proband and control templates produced similar amplicons which were purified and sequenced. Sequence analysis identified a T-to-G transversion in exon 23 (E23), corresponding to position 4393 of the reference sequence (see Supplementary material). This mutation substitutes phenylalani ...
The neuronal structure of the substantia nigra in the guinea pig
... density of cell bodies observed after counterstaining in macaques [13]. Many nigral neurons in rat have dendritic varicosities, which are not found on the thick dendritic trunks, but they are located slightly further from the cell body [23], and in the primates Schwyn and Fox [34] observed varicosit ...
... density of cell bodies observed after counterstaining in macaques [13]. Many nigral neurons in rat have dendritic varicosities, which are not found on the thick dendritic trunks, but they are located slightly further from the cell body [23], and in the primates Schwyn and Fox [34] observed varicosit ...
Fast Readout of Object Identity from Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex
... quantitative characterization of the information represented in inferior temporal (IT) cortex. We used a biologically plausible, classifier-based readout technique to investigate the neural coding of selectivity and invariance at the IT population level. The activity of small neuronal populations (È ...
... quantitative characterization of the information represented in inferior temporal (IT) cortex. We used a biologically plausible, classifier-based readout technique to investigate the neural coding of selectivity and invariance at the IT population level. The activity of small neuronal populations (È ...
Electrophysiological Identification of Tonic and Phasic Neurons in
... action potentials that propagate along neuronal axons (Debanne 2004) and transmit through synapses (Kampa 2007). Little concern is paid on the regulation of sensory information mediated by action potentials in soma itself. Results from spinal cord indicated that different neuronal firing patterns pe ...
... action potentials that propagate along neuronal axons (Debanne 2004) and transmit through synapses (Kampa 2007). Little concern is paid on the regulation of sensory information mediated by action potentials in soma itself. Results from spinal cord indicated that different neuronal firing patterns pe ...
action potential
... depolarization: membrane potential becomes more positive hyperpolarization: membrane potential becomes more negative d. action potential local membrane depolarization, above threshold level, by stimulus causes ‘voltage gated’ Na+ pores to open; [Na+] rushes inside outside causing a spike of depolari ...
... depolarization: membrane potential becomes more positive hyperpolarization: membrane potential becomes more negative d. action potential local membrane depolarization, above threshold level, by stimulus causes ‘voltage gated’ Na+ pores to open; [Na+] rushes inside outside causing a spike of depolari ...