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Jerusalem 10-15 Notes
Jerusalem 10-15 Notes

... Tonight’s program features three works written by composers who were still in their formative years. Beethoven’s Quartet in A Major was written between 1798 and 1800, alongside his first symphony, which premiered in 1800 in Vienna. He was 28 years old when he began the string quartet, and still engr ...
Music Chart - Midnight Swan
Music Chart - Midnight Swan

... coda–becomes a development, use of major in the 2nd theme 5 movements; movements III, IV, and V all run back to back III–merry gathering of country folk, IV–thunderstorm, V–shephard's song, glad and grateful feelings after the storm "Ode to Joy" poem by Schiller, theme is brotherhood of man IV) reci ...
Beethoven Septet in Eb, mvt
Beethoven Septet in Eb, mvt

... The harmony is largely diatonic and triadic, and there are clear perfect cadences, e.g. b.4 But: This is 20th century music, and Poulenc has a distinctive take on traditional harmony, derived in part from Stravinsky’s Neo-Classical scores such as Pulcinella (Anthology p.139) in which standard chords ...
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN Sonata No. 1 in D major, Op. 12, No. 1
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN Sonata No. 1 in D major, Op. 12, No. 1

... In 1787, Beethoven’s friends raised money for the young composer-pianist to journey to Vienna for study with Mozart. The rapid decline and death of his mother however, forced a prompt return to Beethoven’s hometown. By the time he returned to Vienna in 1792 his intended mentor Mozart had been dead f ...
J E R E M Y   D E N K
J E R E M Y D E N K

... The genesis of the poetry is the stuff of legend. Francesco Petrarca (1304-1374) is known as the first Renaissance humanist, that is, a scholar dedicated to reviving classical learning and to virtuous and prudent action. Petrarch was the first ―tourist,‖ the first to climb Mont Ventoux, the famously ...
Program notes by:
Program notes by:

... When Schubert died at age 31, the bulk of his compositions remained in manuscript form, unpublished. During his lifetime, the majority of his compositions were performed at “Schubertiads,” informal gathering of friends and colleagues. Only during the second half of the nineteenth century were many o ...
PROGRAM NOTES by Paul Schiavo Old, and
PROGRAM NOTES by Paul Schiavo Old, and

... being built entirely on a single theme. The second movement begins as a set of variations on the hymn-like melody presented at the outset. Brahms reportedly said of this passage, “I want my Ninth Symphony to sound like that.” But a sudden outburst interrupts this music, with trumpets and timpani mak ...
File
File

... • Classical concertos still used the ritornello form. • NEW part in the classical concerto was the cadenza • The cadenza was a section for the solo instrument to play without accompaniment. • The cadenza becomes the perfect vehicle for the virtuoso performer. • It was supposed to sound improvised, ...
The Art of the Natural
The Art of the Natural

... emphasis shifted from musical expression of affect inherent in a poetic, dramatic or religious text to a more straightforward, natural representation of passions ...
McCarter Theater Presents Christian Tetzlaff, Violin Lars Vogt, Piano
McCarter Theater Presents Christian Tetzlaff, Violin Lars Vogt, Piano

... emerges a third idea, surprisingly heroic in character and marked by pairs of repeated notes and brief triplet runs. Brahms proceeds to develop his initial subject and the heroic third theme during the central part of the movement, the latter idea receiving particularly extensive treatment. Brahms’s ...
Haydn: Symphony No. 26 in D minor, `Lamentatione`: Movement I
Haydn: Symphony No. 26 in D minor, `Lamentatione`: Movement I

... Background information and performance circumstances No composer of symphonies has surpassed Joseph Haydn (1732–1809) in terms of combined quality and quantity. Symphony No. 26 in D minor is relatively little known, but has many interesting and unusual features. The name Lamentatione (Italian for ‘L ...
Ludwig van Beethoven - Northern State University
Ludwig van Beethoven - Northern State University

... Variations (an important work for piano).  Work on the 9th symphony proceeded uninterrupted after 1823.  Premiere was a resounding success  Four movements, all of gigantic scope, by contemporary standards  First movement: Sonata form with distant key for the second theme group  Second Movement: ...
Music for the Viola
Music for the Viola

... Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op. 147, is the last work of Dmitri Shostakovich (b.1906, St. Petersburg; d.1975, Moscow). It is an important and moving work, not only because it is rendered awe-inspiring, as all last works are, by its creator's proximity to death, "the undiscover'd country from whose b ...
joseph haydn (1732-1809) julius conus (1869-1942)
joseph haydn (1732-1809) julius conus (1869-1942)

... are today catalogued as Nos. 82-87, though this was not their order of composition. We are now certain that Nos. 83 and 87 were written in 1785; Nos. 82, 84 and 86 the following year; and No. 85 probably in late 1785. The powerful and dramatic G-minor opening of No. 83 reminds one more of a Sturm un ...
this concert`s program notes.
this concert`s program notes.

... composers, and confusion with his brother Michael Haydn was not uncommon at the time either). In any case, the autograph manuscript to the present work was discovered in 1951, conveniently signed by Haydn and including his standard “fine laus deo” (the end, praise to God) after the last measure, pro ...
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Violin
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Violin

... In his violin concertos, Mozart’s musical invention takes on an aspect of caprice that we rarely encounter in his other major instrumental works. Melodies pour so abundantly from his pen that they need not be thoroughly developed, and the flow of music is sometimes interrupted for fascinating but in ...
the Classics In Context Program
the Classics In Context Program

... Symphony No. 9 is notable not only for its length and complexity, but for the fact that he introduced vocal soloists and a chorus into the final movement, as if the purely instrumental form of the classical symphony could not express all that he felt. After this radical departure from tradition, man ...
Program Notes for March 9, 2014
Program Notes for March 9, 2014

... Haydn was born in the small Austrian village of Rohrau. His musical gifts were apparent when he was quite young, but the opportunities to develop them in Rohrau were virtually non-existent, so at the age of five he was sent to live in the town of Hainburg, twelve miles away, with Johann Matthias Fra ...
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Symphony No. 41 in C major, K
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Symphony No. 41 in C major, K

... Our  concert  concludes  with  one  of  the  great  works  of  Western  music.  Mozart’s  Symphony  in  C   major,  K.  551,  was  the  last  of  three  symphonies  its  author  wrote  with  remarkable  speed  during   the  summer  of  1788.  The  origin  of  this  symphonic  trilogy  —  to  which   ...
Classical period (music)
Classical period (music)

... The new style was also pushed forward by changes in the economic order and in social structure. As the 18th century progressed, the nobility became the primary patrons of instrumental music, and there was a rise in the public taste for comic opera. The changes in economic situation also had the effe ...
Elements of Music - Form
Elements of Music - Form

... A three-part form featuring a return of the initial music after a contrasting section. Symmetry and balance are achieved through this return: (ABA) The return of the first (A) material may be an exact repeat, or varied in some way. The “Da Capo Aria” is one example of this form. Variation forms Chac ...
PRE U 2010-11 Brahms and the Rebirth of the Symphony Like all
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... The completion and première of the First Symphony in 1876 was a milestone for Brahms and for symphonic music generally in Austro-German lands. Although it was not universally loved, the symphony was acknowledged as the most significant since Schumann. It adheres to the standard four-movement format ...
Something To Laugh About: Beethoven
Something To Laugh About: Beethoven

... movement. The actual moment of recapitulation is in fact blurred. The opening material does in fact return in the bass, but in a maze of swirling scales and invertible counterpoint which quickly launches into yet another developmental section. Only the final passage–a reprise of the second theme in ...
Symphony No.6 in F major, “Pastorale” Symphony No. 7 in A major
Symphony No.6 in F major, “Pastorale” Symphony No. 7 in A major

... of expression, and this concerto was no different. Instead of the usual orchestral exposition, the first movement opens with a single sustained chord by the ensemble. This is immediately followed by several cadenza-like passages from the soloist, which are in turn emphatically resolved by the orches ...
The new release from the HUSH Collection with the beloved `The
The new release from the HUSH Collection with the beloved `The

... © HUSH ™ All rights reserved. Exclusively distributed in Australia by EOS MUSIC. ...
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Sonata form



Sonata form (also sonata-allegro form or first movement form) is a large-scale musical structure used widely since the middle of the 18th century (the early Classical period).While it is typically used in the first movement of multi-movement pieces, it is sometimes used in subsequent movements as well—particularly the final movement. The teaching of sonata form in music theory rests on a standard definition and a series of hypotheses about the underlying reasons for the durability and variety of the form—a definition that arose in the second quarter of the 19th century. There is little disagreement that on the largest level, the form consists of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation; however, beneath this, sonata form is difficult to pin down in a single model.The standard definition focuses on the thematic and harmonic organization of tonal materials that are presented in an exposition, elaborated and contrasted in a development and then resolved harmonically and thematically in a recapitulation. In addition, the standard definition recognizes that an introduction and a coda may be present. Each of the sections is often further divided or characterized by the particular means by which it accomplishes its function in the form.Since its establishment, the sonata form became the most common form in the first movement of works entitled ""sonata"", as well as other long works of classical music, including the symphony, concerto, string quartet, and so on. Accordingly, there is a large body of theory on what unifies and distinguishes practice in the sonata form, both within eras and between eras. Even works that do not adhere to the standard description of a sonata form often present analogous structures or can be analyzed as elaborations or expansions of the standard description of sonata form.
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