Back to the Basics: EKG Interpretation
... Occurs when occasional impulses from the SA node fail to conduct to the ventricles. • Rhythm: Irregular (because of dropped beats) • PR: constant until a block of the AV conduction system, resulting in a P wave not followed by a QRS. • QRS: 0.10 sec Ex: Imagine a line of people passing a doorway at ...
... Occurs when occasional impulses from the SA node fail to conduct to the ventricles. • Rhythm: Irregular (because of dropped beats) • PR: constant until a block of the AV conduction system, resulting in a P wave not followed by a QRS. • QRS: 0.10 sec Ex: Imagine a line of people passing a doorway at ...
How the Test is Performed
... TIAs, stroke, peripheral neuropathies or hypoglycaemic episodes, for example? ...
... TIAs, stroke, peripheral neuropathies or hypoglycaemic episodes, for example? ...
Prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
... factor for stroke. The rate of the primary outcome (ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism) was 1.27% per year compared with 1.65% per year for warfarin (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95, p=0.01 for superiority). The event rate for major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding was 4.07% ...
... factor for stroke. The rate of the primary outcome (ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism) was 1.27% per year compared with 1.65% per year for warfarin (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95, p=0.01 for superiority). The event rate for major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding was 4.07% ...
Exercise Management
... • heart rate is higher (including maximal heart rate) at any level of exercise to compensate for the diminished stroke volume and cardiac output in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). • exercise tolerance is reduced (20%) in AF relative to normal sinus patients. • because of the variability in the diastolic f ...
... • heart rate is higher (including maximal heart rate) at any level of exercise to compensate for the diminished stroke volume and cardiac output in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). • exercise tolerance is reduced (20%) in AF relative to normal sinus patients. • because of the variability in the diastolic f ...
Atrial Fibrillation Associated with Heart Failure, Stroke and
... standard ECG at admission, but also by more sensitive methods. Jabaudon et al., for example, reported that out of one hundred forty-nine consecutive patients admitted to the neurology department because of acute stroke or TIA, standard ECG identified AF only in 2.7% of the cases at admission (4/149 ...
... standard ECG at admission, but also by more sensitive methods. Jabaudon et al., for example, reported that out of one hundred forty-nine consecutive patients admitted to the neurology department because of acute stroke or TIA, standard ECG identified AF only in 2.7% of the cases at admission (4/149 ...
The Morphology of the Aging Heart
... Worldwide, there is an ongoing increase in life expectancy and a major expansion in the population. This increase is even more rapid in the population older than 65 years of age. All the known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as well as the frequency of their manifestations, increase with ag ...
... Worldwide, there is an ongoing increase in life expectancy and a major expansion in the population. This increase is even more rapid in the population older than 65 years of age. All the known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as well as the frequency of their manifestations, increase with ag ...
ECG Analysis - Antrim ED Meducation
... Therefore, there is inadequate conduction through the AV node. • 7. QRS Complex – Normal, but depolarisation is not being driven by P waves and is therefore spontaneous. • 8. ST Segment – Normal • 9. T waves – Mostly present and normal • Analysis has revealed a tachycardic, irregular rhythm with abs ...
... Therefore, there is inadequate conduction through the AV node. • 7. QRS Complex – Normal, but depolarisation is not being driven by P waves and is therefore spontaneous. • 8. ST Segment – Normal • 9. T waves – Mostly present and normal • Analysis has revealed a tachycardic, irregular rhythm with abs ...
PDF
... diagnosed case of rheumatic heart disease since 1980 but lost to follow up. She had a history of repeated admission for one year prior to admission due to exertional dyspnea and congestion. Two months prior to admission patient was seen at the outpatient department and was noted to have difficulty o ...
... diagnosed case of rheumatic heart disease since 1980 but lost to follow up. She had a history of repeated admission for one year prior to admission due to exertional dyspnea and congestion. Two months prior to admission patient was seen at the outpatient department and was noted to have difficulty o ...
Biocompatibility of Closure Devices
... Yield strength is the lowest stress that gives permanent deformation in a material. Compressive strength is a limit state of compressive stress that leads to compressive failure in the manner of ductile failure or in the manner of brittle failure Tensile strength or ultimate tensile strength is a li ...
... Yield strength is the lowest stress that gives permanent deformation in a material. Compressive strength is a limit state of compressive stress that leads to compressive failure in the manner of ductile failure or in the manner of brittle failure Tensile strength or ultimate tensile strength is a li ...
VALITUDE™ X4 CRT-P System Overview Brochure
... INDICATIONS AND USAGE: Boston Scientific cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemakers (CRT-Ps) are indicated for patients with moderate to severe heart failure (NYHA Class III/IV) including left ventricular dysfunction (EF ≤35%) and QRS duration ≥ 120 ms and remain symptomatic despite stable optimal ...
... INDICATIONS AND USAGE: Boston Scientific cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemakers (CRT-Ps) are indicated for patients with moderate to severe heart failure (NYHA Class III/IV) including left ventricular dysfunction (EF ≤35%) and QRS duration ≥ 120 ms and remain symptomatic despite stable optimal ...
Atrial Fibrillation and Its Association with Endocrine Disorders
... increases the risk of stroke by fivefold and about 15% of all patients who have stroke have AF too.1,3 The percentage of strokes attributable to AF increases from 1.5% at 50-59 years of age to 23.5% at 80-89 years of age.1 AF most commonly occurs secondary to cardiovascular pathologies as well as sy ...
... increases the risk of stroke by fivefold and about 15% of all patients who have stroke have AF too.1,3 The percentage of strokes attributable to AF increases from 1.5% at 50-59 years of age to 23.5% at 80-89 years of age.1 AF most commonly occurs secondary to cardiovascular pathologies as well as sy ...
Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important goal of
... Stroke in AF occurs primarily as a result of thromboembolism from the left atrium. The lack of atrial contractions in AF leads to blood stasis in the left atrium, and this low flow state increases the risk for thrombosis. The area of the left atrium with the lowest blood flow in AF, and, therefore, ...
... Stroke in AF occurs primarily as a result of thromboembolism from the left atrium. The lack of atrial contractions in AF leads to blood stasis in the left atrium, and this low flow state increases the risk for thrombosis. The area of the left atrium with the lowest blood flow in AF, and, therefore, ...
Palpitation
... QTU interval in the sinus beats is at least 600 milliseconds. Note TU wave alternans in the first and second complexes. A late premature complex occurring in the downslope of the TU wave initiates an episode of ventricular tachycardia ...
... QTU interval in the sinus beats is at least 600 milliseconds. Note TU wave alternans in the first and second complexes. A late premature complex occurring in the downslope of the TU wave initiates an episode of ventricular tachycardia ...
Document
... GERD is known to occur in 7% of the population on a daily basis, 14% on a weekly basis and 44% at least once a month. Cardiac arrhythmia is also a prevalent disease with a common presentation of palpitations in general practice, which is a major reason for cardiology referrals associated with marked ...
... GERD is known to occur in 7% of the population on a daily basis, 14% on a weekly basis and 44% at least once a month. Cardiac arrhythmia is also a prevalent disease with a common presentation of palpitations in general practice, which is a major reason for cardiology referrals associated with marked ...
Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: Review Questions
... expected in most patients with pulmonary valves with systolic ejection murmurs and wide splitting of the second heart sound. The diagnosis is usually made by echocardiography. Pulmonic stenosis is one of the most common congenital heart defects, occurring in approximately 10% of the adult population ...
... expected in most patients with pulmonary valves with systolic ejection murmurs and wide splitting of the second heart sound. The diagnosis is usually made by echocardiography. Pulmonic stenosis is one of the most common congenital heart defects, occurring in approximately 10% of the adult population ...
A novel treatment strategy of new onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac
... choice of treatment in each individual case depends on a number of factors, such as age, comorbidities and clinical status of patients with AF. Also, duration and etiology of AF play a major role in the treatment choice [7]. If not approached within a short period of time, a delayed cardioversion ma ...
... choice of treatment in each individual case depends on a number of factors, such as age, comorbidities and clinical status of patients with AF. Also, duration and etiology of AF play a major role in the treatment choice [7]. If not approached within a short period of time, a delayed cardioversion ma ...
Long-term outcome of the Mustard/Senning operations.
... patients with severe symptomatic systemic (tricuspid) AV ...
... patients with severe symptomatic systemic (tricuspid) AV ...
ECG Rhythm Study Guide
... P Wave ‐ Replaced with multiple F (flutter) waves, usually at a ratio of 2:1 (2F ‐ 1QRS) but sometimes 3:1 P Wave rate ‐ 300 beats per minute P‐R Interval ‐ Not measurable As with SVT the abnormal tissue generating the rapid heart rate is also in the atria, however, the atrioventricular node is not ...
... P Wave ‐ Replaced with multiple F (flutter) waves, usually at a ratio of 2:1 (2F ‐ 1QRS) but sometimes 3:1 P Wave rate ‐ 300 beats per minute P‐R Interval ‐ Not measurable As with SVT the abnormal tissue generating the rapid heart rate is also in the atria, however, the atrioventricular node is not ...
ECG - PeerMedics
... Cause assoc. w/ myocardial damage (Ischaemic heart disease, rheumatic mitral valve, HTN, MI, thyrotoxicosis) SHITAP Tx = acute AF = digoxin or verapamil/B blocker/ DC cardioversion Chronic AF = digoxin and warfarin (CHA2DS2VASc) ...
... Cause assoc. w/ myocardial damage (Ischaemic heart disease, rheumatic mitral valve, HTN, MI, thyrotoxicosis) SHITAP Tx = acute AF = digoxin or verapamil/B blocker/ DC cardioversion Chronic AF = digoxin and warfarin (CHA2DS2VASc) ...
Twelve-lead
... Congenital heart diseases Other diseases causing pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale ...
... Congenital heart diseases Other diseases causing pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale ...
Pediatric Echocardiography The Segmental Approach
... Dextroposition – heart is positioned in right thorax, seen in setting of left congenital diaphragmatic hernia Dextroversion – apex of heart is pointing to right, but situs solitus; usually associated with AV discordance Dextrocardia – usually associated with atrial situs inversus ...
... Dextroposition – heart is positioned in right thorax, seen in setting of left congenital diaphragmatic hernia Dextroversion – apex of heart is pointing to right, but situs solitus; usually associated with AV discordance Dextrocardia – usually associated with atrial situs inversus ...
Computer-assisted Planning of Cardiac Interventions and Heart
... electrophysiology and elastomechanics of the healthy human heart. Some of the most important diseases like infarction, atrial flutter and fibrillation, ventricular flutter and fibrillation, branch-block, etc. are basically understood. The models demonstrate their possibilities using generalized mode ...
... electrophysiology and elastomechanics of the healthy human heart. Some of the most important diseases like infarction, atrial flutter and fibrillation, ventricular flutter and fibrillation, branch-block, etc. are basically understood. The models demonstrate their possibilities using generalized mode ...
PDF - Circulation Research
... development, the musculature of the atrioventricular canal becomes incorporated into the atrial chambers, whereas the conus is transformed into the ventricles as the subvalvar outflow tract.12 During development, furthermore, the cavities of the right atrium and ventricle become connected together, ...
... development, the musculature of the atrioventricular canal becomes incorporated into the atrial chambers, whereas the conus is transformed into the ventricles as the subvalvar outflow tract.12 During development, furthermore, the cavities of the right atrium and ventricle become connected together, ...
Serum Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk
... Model 1: adjusted for age and examination years. Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 and history of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure or stroke; diabetes; body mass index; smoking (never, former, current); pack-years of smoking; leisuretime physical activity; serum HDL and LDL cholesterol a ...
... Model 1: adjusted for age and examination years. Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 and history of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure or stroke; diabetes; body mass index; smoking (never, former, current); pack-years of smoking; leisuretime physical activity; serum HDL and LDL cholesterol a ...
Too fast, too slow, too ugly: Dysrhythmias that every
... the patient’s risk of thrombus formation. Treatment strategies are similar to those for AF. Ventricular tachycardia (VT), another rhythm that’s too fast and too ugly, occurs when the ventricles take over as the heart’s pacemaker. The most common cause of VT is coronary artery disease. Other causes o ...
... the patient’s risk of thrombus formation. Treatment strategies are similar to those for AF. Ventricular tachycardia (VT), another rhythm that’s too fast and too ugly, occurs when the ventricles take over as the heart’s pacemaker. The most common cause of VT is coronary artery disease. Other causes o ...
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.