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Nervous System - El Camino College
Nervous System - El Camino College

... Blood-Brain-Barrier is formed of capillary cells with tight junctions and Astrocytes. It does not allow all things in blood to enter brain. Choroid plexus is a network of fine capillaries present in the roof of all 4 ventricles and secrete Cerebrospinal fluid = CSF. CSF supports brain, provides nour ...
mspn4a
mspn4a

... an ischemic infarct thus leading to the disruption of multiple neuronal tracts and the observed symptoms. More specifically, an occlusion involving the lenticulostriate arteries could bring about an infarct of this type. 5. Most antipsychotic drugs are targeted to lower dopamine activity in the brai ...
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File

... • The brain can generate new neurons throughout life (neurogenesis) • Learning can increase/decrease neurotransmission between specific neurons (long term potentiation) • It is assumed that as your behavior changes (in most cases because of environmental change), so does the underlying neural circui ...
Introduction to neural computation
Introduction to neural computation

... Idealized neurons • To model things we have to idealize them (e.g. atoms) – Idealization removes complicated details that are not essential for understanding the main principles – Allows us to apply mathematics and to make analogies to other, familiar systems. – Once we understand the basic princip ...
Wanting Things - How Your Brain Works
Wanting Things - How Your Brain Works

... black plays next), ca 40 “hidden” neurons and 4 “output” neurons. Trained to play backgammon at master level by adjusting connections between artificial neurons depending on changes in predicted outcome as games unfold (temporal difference learning). ...
The History and Scope of Psychology Module 1
The History and Scope of Psychology Module 1

... All-or-None Response: When the depolarizing current exceeds the threshold, a neuron will fire. If the depolarizing current fails to exceed the threshold, a neuron will not fire. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
Document
Document

... All-or-None Response: When the depolarizing current exceeds the threshold, a neuron will fire. If the depolarizing current fails to exceed the threshold, a neuron will not fire. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
Chapter2 - cfhssocialstudies
Chapter2 - cfhssocialstudies

... All-or-None Response: When the depolarizing current exceeds the threshold, a neuron will fire. If the depolarizing current fails to exceed the threshold, a neuron will not fire. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
Biological Bases of Behavior, Barron`s Neuroanatomy, pages 78
Biological Bases of Behavior, Barron`s Neuroanatomy, pages 78

... All neurons made up of discrete parts 2. What part of the neuron grows to make synaptic connections with other neurons? - Dendrites 3. What part of the neuron contains the nucleus? - Soma 4. What part of the neuron is the terminal buttons that extend from the cell body? - Axon 5. What is the role of ...
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... • Regulates hunger, sleep, thirst, body temperature, and water balance • Controls the pituitary gland and serves as a link between the nervous and endocrine systems Thalamus • Consists of grey matter that receives all sensory input except smell • Integrates visual, auditory, taste, and somatosensory ...
Overview of the Reticular Formation (RF)
Overview of the Reticular Formation (RF)

... locomotion and pain, by altering cell properties (e.g. excitation). The cerebral cortex also affects our level of alertness via projections to these neurons, as can real or imaginary mental imagery. Finally, the cerebral cortex can inhibit other sensory input to allow us to focus our attention Neuro ...
Chapter 12 Functional Organization of the Nervous System
Chapter 12 Functional Organization of the Nervous System

... a. consists of nerves and ganglia. (1) ganglia are collections of nerve bodies located outside the CNS b. 43 pairs of nerves originating in the CNS make up the PNS (1) 12 cranial nerves (2) 31 pair of spinal nerves. 2. Fxn: The PNS detects stimuli and transmits to and receives information from the C ...
Griggs Chapter 2: Neuroscience
Griggs Chapter 2: Neuroscience

... ◦ The somatic (or skeletal) nervous system carries sensory input from receptors to the CNS and relays commands from the CNS to the skeletal muscles to control their movement ◦ The autonomic nervous system regulates our internal environment and consists of two parts  The sympathetic nervous system i ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

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RHCh2 - HomePage Server for UT Psychology
RHCh2 - HomePage Server for UT Psychology

... Hormones are chemicals synthesized by the endocrine glands that are secreted in the bloodstream. Hormones affect the brain and many other tissues of the body. ...
D. Vertebrate Nervous Systems
D. Vertebrate Nervous Systems

...  Contains nuclei involved in the regulation of visceral activities such as breathing.  Relays information to and from higher brain centers.  The Midbrain.  Contains nuclei involved in the integration of sensory information.  Superior colliculi are involved in the regulation of visual reflexes. ...
A natural example of different circuit architectures for analogous
A natural example of different circuit architectures for analogous

... membrane and synaptic parameters might produce relatively similar network outputs.  However, there is still a general assumption that similar behaviors in related animal species  originate from a common neural architecture. In this study, we show that two species produce  similar behaviors using hom ...
Ch.10
Ch.10

... potassium, and calcium. Ion pumps and channels generate resting and action potentials. • Sodium/potassium pump uses energy to move the ions against their concentration gradient. • K+ leaks out, because the membrane is more permeable to K+, and Na/K pump keeps the concentration of K+ inside the cell ...
ASCENDING PATHWAYS - University of Kansas Medical Center
ASCENDING PATHWAYS - University of Kansas Medical Center

... Afferent neurons from muscle spindle also synapse with ascending fibers within spinal cord. Gamma motor neurons supply intrafusal fibers of muscle spindle: Regulate sensitivity of intrafusal fibers. Gamma neurons are modulated by descending fibers within spinal cord. ...
Nervous Tissue - Chiropractor Manhattan | Chiropractor New
Nervous Tissue - Chiropractor Manhattan | Chiropractor New

... Absolute refractory period – a second action potential cannot be initiated, even with a very strong stimulus. Relative refractory period – an action potential can be initiated, but only with a larger than normal stimulus. ...
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CHAPTER 13 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CHAPTER 13 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

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Nervous System Part I Review
Nervous System Part I Review

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Nervous System Part I Review
Nervous System Part I Review

... 1 receives information 2 responds to information ...
Chapter 35 The Nervous System
Chapter 35 The Nervous System

... 3. dendrites- carries impulses toward the cell body. 4. axon- carries impulses away from the cell body. 5. myelin sheath- covers part of some axons. 6. synapse – at the end of the axon E. Nerve Impulse- an electrical impulse conducted along a nerve fiber. 1. resting potential- the electrical charge ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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