Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Brasília
... emphasis on general formal timeless statements that pretend to be universal. Having its roots in Ancient Greece, cosmopolitanism has been variably present in western philosophical or political discussions. The military conquests of Alexander the Great (356–323 BC) opened up the conditions for the e ...
... emphasis on general formal timeless statements that pretend to be universal. Having its roots in Ancient Greece, cosmopolitanism has been variably present in western philosophical or political discussions. The military conquests of Alexander the Great (356–323 BC) opened up the conditions for the e ...
Working paper 75: Is CO2 Trading Always Beneficial? A CGE
... In the previous literature, Ekins (1996) has reviewed estimates of secondary benefits from several international studies and presents a possible range of SO2 related secondary benefits in the UK.1 In our paper, the importance of secondary environmental benefits is related to emissions trading by usi ...
... In the previous literature, Ekins (1996) has reviewed estimates of secondary benefits from several international studies and presents a possible range of SO2 related secondary benefits in the UK.1 In our paper, the importance of secondary environmental benefits is related to emissions trading by usi ...
A dynamic macroeconomic analysis of NAFTA
... must develop rules of origin that define which goods are entitled to preferential tariff treatment. As such, goods that are wholly produced in the U.S., Canada, or Mexico will qualify for NAFTA treatment. Most goods containing nonagricultural components will qualify, if those goods are sufficiently ...
... must develop rules of origin that define which goods are entitled to preferential tariff treatment. As such, goods that are wholly produced in the U.S., Canada, or Mexico will qualify for NAFTA treatment. Most goods containing nonagricultural components will qualify, if those goods are sufficiently ...
Raw Materials Initiative - Putting Strategy in Practice
... companies reduced their output in response to the 2008 collapse in demand. Mining projects were halted or scrapped, and exploration expenditure plummeted in 2009. Meanwhile, new capacity is under construction again, and in advanced planning stages, for many mineral raw materials. Nevertheless, the l ...
... companies reduced their output in response to the 2008 collapse in demand. Mining projects were halted or scrapped, and exploration expenditure plummeted in 2009. Meanwhile, new capacity is under construction again, and in advanced planning stages, for many mineral raw materials. Nevertheless, the l ...
Paul
... from the completely general VAT that has been the focus of most economic analyses. In practice, VAT systems exempt broad classes of consumer goods and services. This has important implications for the effect of the VAT on international trade. A value added tax is sometimes advocated as a way of impr ...
... from the completely general VAT that has been the focus of most economic analyses. In practice, VAT systems exempt broad classes of consumer goods and services. This has important implications for the effect of the VAT on international trade. A value added tax is sometimes advocated as a way of impr ...
successes and failures of economic transition of north and cent
... continued in the successor states in the 1990s that explains the extreme length, if not the extreme depth of the FSU transformational recession. What lead to the institutional collapse and could it have been prevented? Using the terminology of political science, it is appropriate to distinguish bet ...
... continued in the successor states in the 1990s that explains the extreme length, if not the extreme depth of the FSU transformational recession. What lead to the institutional collapse and could it have been prevented? Using the terminology of political science, it is appropriate to distinguish bet ...
presentation - UNSD
... compilation of high quality international merchandise trade statistics; also, cooperation with compilers of statistics on international trade in services, balance of payments and national accounts should be ensured; ...
... compilation of high quality international merchandise trade statistics; also, cooperation with compilers of statistics on international trade in services, balance of payments and national accounts should be ensured; ...
The World Trade Organization
... The system helps promote peace Disputes are handled constructively Rules make life easier for all Freer trade cuts the costs of living It provides more choice of products and qualities Trade raises incomes Trade stimulates economic growth The basic principles make life more efficient Governments are ...
... The system helps promote peace Disputes are handled constructively Rules make life easier for all Freer trade cuts the costs of living It provides more choice of products and qualities Trade raises incomes Trade stimulates economic growth The basic principles make life more efficient Governments are ...
Free Full Text ( Final Version , 605kb )
... 2. Theoretical Framework of Economic Growth The past fifty years has seen a considerate amount of literature explaining the phenomenon and sustainability of economic growth. Over time, economists have sought to identify the sources of growth and tried to provide for a model which accounts for the l ...
... 2. Theoretical Framework of Economic Growth The past fifty years has seen a considerate amount of literature explaining the phenomenon and sustainability of economic growth. Over time, economists have sought to identify the sources of growth and tried to provide for a model which accounts for the l ...
PDF
... encourage investment in heavy industry in order to remove the constraints on production resulting from capital equipment. And it provided the conceptual foundation for the two gap (in savings and foreign exchange) model developed by Chenery and associates to estimate foreign aid requirements of deve ...
... encourage investment in heavy industry in order to remove the constraints on production resulting from capital equipment. And it provided the conceptual foundation for the two gap (in savings and foreign exchange) model developed by Chenery and associates to estimate foreign aid requirements of deve ...
research paper series Research Paper 2005/05
... and relative wages in an integrated, asymmetric two-country world (“Europe” and “America”). Both countries are characterized by equilibrium unemployment due to country-specific fair wage constraints. We also look at trade integration between this two-country world and a third country (“low wage sout ...
... and relative wages in an integrated, asymmetric two-country world (“Europe” and “America”). Both countries are characterized by equilibrium unemployment due to country-specific fair wage constraints. We also look at trade integration between this two-country world and a third country (“low wage sout ...
Notes on Competitive Trade Theory
... preferences. She maximizes utility subject to a budget constraint. The budget constraint is given by the earnings on inelastically supplied labor and holdings of capital (if any). Prices of both goods and factors are taken as given by the individual. ...
... preferences. She maximizes utility subject to a budget constraint. The budget constraint is given by the earnings on inelastically supplied labor and holdings of capital (if any). Prices of both goods and factors are taken as given by the individual. ...
transnational politics
... Although non-state actors have always played a central role in shaping international relations, numerous actors – including transnational corporations, transnational social movements and advocacy networks, and transnational criminal networks – have acquired increasing visibility as independent actor ...
... Although non-state actors have always played a central role in shaping international relations, numerous actors – including transnational corporations, transnational social movements and advocacy networks, and transnational criminal networks – have acquired increasing visibility as independent actor ...
Idea Flows, Economic Growth, and Trade
... listings of which sellers in any country are domestic producers or exporters from abroad. The second step in the analysis is based on a model of technology diffusion that involves stochastic meetings of individual people—we call them product managers— who exchange production-related ideas. We use a ...
... listings of which sellers in any country are domestic producers or exporters from abroad. The second step in the analysis is based on a model of technology diffusion that involves stochastic meetings of individual people—we call them product managers— who exchange production-related ideas. We use a ...
Explaining Agricultural Land Expansion and Deforestation
... and the rate of deforestation averaged 0.8% per year (FAO 1993). Over 1990-2000, global tropical deforestation slowed to less than 12 million ha per year, or an annual rate of 0.6%, although there were substantial regional differences in deforestation (FAO 2001). Stratified random sampling of 10% of ...
... and the rate of deforestation averaged 0.8% per year (FAO 1993). Over 1990-2000, global tropical deforestation slowed to less than 12 million ha per year, or an annual rate of 0.6%, although there were substantial regional differences in deforestation (FAO 2001). Stratified random sampling of 10% of ...
Chapter 4
... • Changes in income distribution occur with every economic change, not only international trade. – Changes in technology, changes in consumer preferences, exhaustion of resources and discovery of new ones all affect income distribution. – Economists put most of the blame on technological change and ...
... • Changes in income distribution occur with every economic change, not only international trade. – Changes in technology, changes in consumer preferences, exhaustion of resources and discovery of new ones all affect income distribution. – Economists put most of the blame on technological change and ...
View/Open
... are important to each of them and the region, in general, so that regional integration and cooperation under the auspices of ASEAN can be promoted. ...
... are important to each of them and the region, in general, so that regional integration and cooperation under the auspices of ASEAN can be promoted. ...
WORLD TRADE
... The Uruguay Round has been justly celebrated for the innovations it represents: coverage extended to services, intellectual property, trade-related investment issues, much greater attention to the rules of trade-policy making and administration, a new and unified organization to administer the agree ...
... The Uruguay Round has been justly celebrated for the innovations it represents: coverage extended to services, intellectual property, trade-related investment issues, much greater attention to the rules of trade-policy making and administration, a new and unified organization to administer the agree ...
4. S D and
... GDP data for the first quarter of 2015 show that economic activity was stronger than anticipated in the April Inflation Report and that national income posted a quarterly and yearly growth of 1.3 and 2.3 percent, respectively. The quarterly GDP growth was mostly driven by agriculture and net taxes, ...
... GDP data for the first quarter of 2015 show that economic activity was stronger than anticipated in the April Inflation Report and that national income posted a quarterly and yearly growth of 1.3 and 2.3 percent, respectively. The quarterly GDP growth was mostly driven by agriculture and net taxes, ...
BRICS` characteristics and influence
... authority of the International Monetary Fund, and the Iraq War diminished US influence in the UN. In addition, the failure of the Doha round of talks revealed problems in the governance of world trade. Meanwhile developing countries have been emerging and growing in stature as these issues developed ...
... authority of the International Monetary Fund, and the Iraq War diminished US influence in the UN. In addition, the failure of the Doha round of talks revealed problems in the governance of world trade. Meanwhile developing countries have been emerging and growing in stature as these issues developed ...
The Growth of Nations - Brookings Institution
... the model predicts that different countries will reach different steadystate levels of income per person, depending on their rates of saving and population growth. And it predicts that countries will have different rates of growth, depending on each country's initial deviation from its own steady st ...
... the model predicts that different countries will reach different steadystate levels of income per person, depending on their rates of saving and population growth. And it predicts that countries will have different rates of growth, depending on each country's initial deviation from its own steady st ...
AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF BINDING CONSTRAINTS TO
... The impressive growth in the economy since the adoption of the multicurrency system in 2009, was driven by capital accumulation driven by investment in infrastructure, new projects and expansion investments in mining. The discovery of diamonds, the expansion of PGMs and resuscitation of gold and nic ...
... The impressive growth in the economy since the adoption of the multicurrency system in 2009, was driven by capital accumulation driven by investment in infrastructure, new projects and expansion investments in mining. The discovery of diamonds, the expansion of PGMs and resuscitation of gold and nic ...
Empirical Research on Technology Innovation Promoting Chinese Export Growth
... production value as human resources input variable, the ratio new added fixed assets occupies regional gross production value as capital input variable, working staff ratio as labor variable. We select these variables to make regression analysis with export variable. 2.2 research subjects and data e ...
... production value as human resources input variable, the ratio new added fixed assets occupies regional gross production value as capital input variable, working staff ratio as labor variable. We select these variables to make regression analysis with export variable. 2.2 research subjects and data e ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE SEESAW PRINCIPLE IN INTERNATIONAL TAX Joel Slemrod
... on specialised knowledge. But even if domestic and foreign capital were homogeneous, simultaneous importing and exporting of capital could occur if a country taxes capital exports in a manner that is not perfectly consistent with the taxes it imposes on capital imports, or if foreign countries adopt ...
... on specialised knowledge. But even if domestic and foreign capital were homogeneous, simultaneous importing and exporting of capital could occur if a country taxes capital exports in a manner that is not perfectly consistent with the taxes it imposes on capital imports, or if foreign countries adopt ...