Evidence of the Big Bang and Structure of the Universe
... original Big Bang using sensitive receivers The use of the Hubble Space Telescope and other instruments have led to the predicted age of the universe: 13.7 billion years ...
... original Big Bang using sensitive receivers The use of the Hubble Space Telescope and other instruments have led to the predicted age of the universe: 13.7 billion years ...
7_Big_bang
... M31 is made out of lots of stars just like our own Milky Way! We are but one of very many galaxies! Stars were very dim. This implied M31 is very far away. Of order 3 million light years! [Note, today we think of this distance as a very close neigbor.] Read discussion and debate in the Perfect Machi ...
... M31 is made out of lots of stars just like our own Milky Way! We are but one of very many galaxies! Stars were very dim. This implied M31 is very far away. Of order 3 million light years! [Note, today we think of this distance as a very close neigbor.] Read discussion and debate in the Perfect Machi ...
Positions in the Solar System
... In short, after the Big Bang, Further away from the center of this mass of in similar the universe ways. pulled Giant clouds in material of dust because andwhere gas the they star was forming, there were smaller clumps dense clouds ofFinally, gas and dust began had to more collapse gravity. under th ...
... In short, after the Big Bang, Further away from the center of this mass of in similar the universe ways. pulled Giant clouds in material of dust because andwhere gas the they star was forming, there were smaller clumps dense clouds ofFinally, gas and dust began had to more collapse gravity. under th ...
Slide 1
... In short, after the Big Bang, Further away from the center of this mass of in similar the universe ways. pulled Giant clouds in material of dust because andwhere gas the they star was forming, there were smaller clumps dense clouds ofFinally, gas and dust began had to more collapse gravity. under th ...
... In short, after the Big Bang, Further away from the center of this mass of in similar the universe ways. pulled Giant clouds in material of dust because andwhere gas the they star was forming, there were smaller clumps dense clouds ofFinally, gas and dust began had to more collapse gravity. under th ...
this contribution
... its extreme specialness. Proposals have been put forward from time to time (such as in various forms of “inflationary cosmology” and the previously popular “chaotic cosmology”) in which it is suggested that the initial state of the universe ought to have been in some sense “random”, and various phys ...
... its extreme specialness. Proposals have been put forward from time to time (such as in various forms of “inflationary cosmology” and the previously popular “chaotic cosmology”) in which it is suggested that the initial state of the universe ought to have been in some sense “random”, and various phys ...
Lecture 29 - Empyrean Quest Publishers
... Globular clusters orbit galactic center, sun 2/3rds way out. He used proper motions of Cepheids-->Distance (11 stars). Shapley-Curtis debate 1920--Nebulae are within our island universe (Shapley). Nebulae may be other galaxies (Curtis). Edwin Hubble 1923--distance to Andromeda galaxy found from Ceph ...
... Globular clusters orbit galactic center, sun 2/3rds way out. He used proper motions of Cepheids-->Distance (11 stars). Shapley-Curtis debate 1920--Nebulae are within our island universe (Shapley). Nebulae may be other galaxies (Curtis). Edwin Hubble 1923--distance to Andromeda galaxy found from Ceph ...
Getting to Know: Evidence for the Big Bang Theory
... One type of evidence that has been used to support the Big Bang Theory is spectrum analysis. Spectrum analysis involves studying the wavelengths of light in the universe. We can study the wavelength of light from distant stars and galaxies to draw conclusions about their movement. For example, if ob ...
... One type of evidence that has been used to support the Big Bang Theory is spectrum analysis. Spectrum analysis involves studying the wavelengths of light in the universe. We can study the wavelength of light from distant stars and galaxies to draw conclusions about their movement. For example, if ob ...
Review
... ‘ The farther away a galaxy is, the faster it recedes.’ à Imagine a raisin-bread dough è We can determine the distance to galaxies by measuring the redshift of the light we receive è Hubble constant from Hubble’s law provide the expansion rate of universe, hence, the age of universe of about 14 b ...
... ‘ The farther away a galaxy is, the faster it recedes.’ à Imagine a raisin-bread dough è We can determine the distance to galaxies by measuring the redshift of the light we receive è Hubble constant from Hubble’s law provide the expansion rate of universe, hence, the age of universe of about 14 b ...
UNVEILING THE ULTIMATE LAWS OF NATURE: DARK MATTER
... • Allow our energy scale and fundamental Planck scale to coexist in theory (1979) – differ by 1017 – cannot separate in SM • Allows description of forces to unify (1992) – could not in SM • Provides dark matter candidate (1983) – none in SM – lightest ...
... • Allow our energy scale and fundamental Planck scale to coexist in theory (1979) – differ by 1017 – cannot separate in SM • Allows description of forces to unify (1992) – could not in SM • Provides dark matter candidate (1983) – none in SM – lightest ...
Teacher`s Guide Understanding: The Universe
... determine how much they know about star evolution. 2. If students do not fully understand the terms red giant, white dwarf, neutron star, supernova, and black hole, have them use the research materials you have provided or the Internet to become acquainted with the terms and understand how they rela ...
... determine how much they know about star evolution. 2. If students do not fully understand the terms red giant, white dwarf, neutron star, supernova, and black hole, have them use the research materials you have provided or the Internet to become acquainted with the terms and understand how they rela ...
summary lecture
... These both yield the Planck length, Lp. Any black hole smaller than this could have its singularity outside its event horizon. That wouldn’t make sense, so L is the smallest possible black hole we can describe with both QM and GR, our current theory of gravity. ...
... These both yield the Planck length, Lp. Any black hole smaller than this could have its singularity outside its event horizon. That wouldn’t make sense, so L is the smallest possible black hole we can describe with both QM and GR, our current theory of gravity. ...
Part II, page 129 (instructions on page 127)
... A and B moved between images II and III, divided by the time elapsed between images II and III. • Then, using the bottom row of Table 1 (which you’ve just filled in), in Figure 3 plot the velocities of galaxies A and B as a function of their distance. • Then answer questions 8D, 9, 10 (pages 129 ...
... A and B moved between images II and III, divided by the time elapsed between images II and III. • Then, using the bottom row of Table 1 (which you’ve just filled in), in Figure 3 plot the velocities of galaxies A and B as a function of their distance. • Then answer questions 8D, 9, 10 (pages 129 ...
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Department of
... Why can’t we see a galaxy 15 billion light-years away? (Assume the universe is 14 billion years old) ...
... Why can’t we see a galaxy 15 billion light-years away? (Assume the universe is 14 billion years old) ...
Section 19.3
... in the past than it is today. It implies that the universe must have had a beginning. Astronomers today believe the universe exploded outward from a single point. This idea is known as the Big Bang theory. ...
... in the past than it is today. It implies that the universe must have had a beginning. Astronomers today believe the universe exploded outward from a single point. This idea is known as the Big Bang theory. ...
UA Glossary2 - Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics
... Reference, which is an imaginary static point where events are viewed. If the speed of a spaceship is to be measured from earth, then the earth is the inertial frame. While the Earth is not actually stationary (it turns on its axis and revolves around the sun), for the purposes of measuring, it is s ...
... Reference, which is an imaginary static point where events are viewed. If the speed of a spaceship is to be measured from earth, then the earth is the inertial frame. While the Earth is not actually stationary (it turns on its axis and revolves around the sun), for the purposes of measuring, it is s ...
Chapter 34: Cosmology FYI 1. Radar Ranging 2. Triangulation idea
... By looking in the past we can compare the shape of the universe expansion curves. We use supernovae explosions to check brightness, distance, and velocities. At most one star per galaxy per decade. During the last ten years we find that none of these is correct. The universe expansion is speeding up ...
... By looking in the past we can compare the shape of the universe expansion curves. We use supernovae explosions to check brightness, distance, and velocities. At most one star per galaxy per decade. During the last ten years we find that none of these is correct. The universe expansion is speeding up ...
Big Bang Theory
... • Inside stars, 4He would fuse to create 12C, which fused with other 4He to produce 16O, which fused with other 4He to produce 20Ne, and so on…… until 56Fe forms • Once a star produces iron, the star is near death, because the formation of iron does not release energy…it consumes it. Thus, a star wi ...
... • Inside stars, 4He would fuse to create 12C, which fused with other 4He to produce 16O, which fused with other 4He to produce 20Ne, and so on…… until 56Fe forms • Once a star produces iron, the star is near death, because the formation of iron does not release energy…it consumes it. Thus, a star wi ...
Light Energy, Dark Energy 1. Another View of Olber's Paradox
... long, long time ago there were no stars anywhere. However, it would be pretty darn weird for the universe to have sat around with no stars anywhere for an infinite amount of time... and then suddenly start producing them. It's also technically possible for something to increase forever without becom ...
... long, long time ago there were no stars anywhere. However, it would be pretty darn weird for the universe to have sat around with no stars anywhere for an infinite amount of time... and then suddenly start producing them. It's also technically possible for something to increase forever without becom ...
Homework 1 - Concord University
... Will a semester of PHYS420 take more or less than a million seconds? (In real time–not how it seems!) b. How many million seconds are in a year? c. Now consider 1 billion seconds = 109 sec. Do you know anybody this old? What historically was going on 109 sec ago? d. If the universe were 14 billion s ...
... Will a semester of PHYS420 take more or less than a million seconds? (In real time–not how it seems!) b. How many million seconds are in a year? c. Now consider 1 billion seconds = 109 sec. Do you know anybody this old? What historically was going on 109 sec ago? d. If the universe were 14 billion s ...
The Big Bang Theory - Warren County Schools
... • This means it takes light from this galaxy 13.2 billion years to reach us. • We are looking 13.2 billion years into the past. Not real long after the Big Bang ...
... • This means it takes light from this galaxy 13.2 billion years to reach us. • We are looking 13.2 billion years into the past. Not real long after the Big Bang ...
UNVEILING THE ULTIMATE LAWS OF NATURE
... If didn’t know about proton, Standard Model would predict it, and all it’s properties – quarks combine to give proton If didn’t know about dark matter, supersymmetry would have predicted it, made us look for it – that’s what actually happened for dark matter not made of protons and neutrons ...
... If didn’t know about proton, Standard Model would predict it, and all it’s properties – quarks combine to give proton If didn’t know about dark matter, supersymmetry would have predicted it, made us look for it – that’s what actually happened for dark matter not made of protons and neutrons ...
Quasars and Active Galaxies
... Competing Cosmologies • “Big Bang”: 10 - 20 billion years ago the universe was much more dense than today (and therefore hot and unpleasant). • “Steady State”: As galaxies move apart from each other, new atoms are spontaneously created in empty space. These atoms coalesce to form new galaxies. The ...
... Competing Cosmologies • “Big Bang”: 10 - 20 billion years ago the universe was much more dense than today (and therefore hot and unpleasant). • “Steady State”: As galaxies move apart from each other, new atoms are spontaneously created in empty space. These atoms coalesce to form new galaxies. The ...
Temperature–Time Relation
... where MeV stands for mega-electron-volt. This version is the key to determining the types of physical process happening at different stages of the Universe's evolution. For example, the binding energy of typical light nuclei, such as helium-4, is around 1 MeV per particle. Hence when the Universe w ...
... where MeV stands for mega-electron-volt. This version is the key to determining the types of physical process happening at different stages of the Universe's evolution. For example, the binding energy of typical light nuclei, such as helium-4, is around 1 MeV per particle. Hence when the Universe w ...
Introduction to the Earth
... Black holes If the star was bigger than 30 times the mass of the sun The left over core becomes so dense that light can’t escape its gravity. Becomes a black hole. Grab any nearby matter and get bigger As matter falls in, it gives off x-rays. That’s how they find them ...
... Black holes If the star was bigger than 30 times the mass of the sun The left over core becomes so dense that light can’t escape its gravity. Becomes a black hole. Grab any nearby matter and get bigger As matter falls in, it gives off x-rays. That’s how they find them ...
Flatness problem
The flatness problem (also known as the oldness problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be fine-tuned to very 'special' values, and that a small deviation from these values would have had massive effects on the nature of the universe at the current time.In the case of the flatness problem, the parameter which appears fine-tuned is the density of matter and energy in the universe. This value affects the curvature of space-time, with a very specific critical value being required for a flat universe. The current density of the universe is observed to be very close to this critical value. Since the total density departs rapidly from the critical value over cosmic time, the early universe must have had a density even closer to the critical density, departing from it by one part in 1062 or less. This leads cosmologists to question how the initial density came to be so closely fine-tuned to this 'special' value.The problem was first mentioned by Robert Dicke in 1969. The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely rapid expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizon problem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary motivations for inflationary theory.