6. Star Colors and the Hertzsprung
... H is a constant Ho called the Hubble constant. One gets a linear relation between expansion speed (as measured by redshift) and distance v = Ho d ...
... H is a constant Ho called the Hubble constant. One gets a linear relation between expansion speed (as measured by redshift) and distance v = Ho d ...
Big Bang and Beyond
... Interpretations of the results • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,017 mg/cc, the Universe would have collapsed by now. • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,015 mg/cc, ...
... Interpretations of the results • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,017 mg/cc, the Universe would have collapsed by now. • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,015 mg/cc, ...
What we will do today:
... enough to light our sky at night. The only explanation that it is not is that the stars are moving away from us. An expanding universe must have started out infinitely small and agrees with the Big Bang Theory ...
... enough to light our sky at night. The only explanation that it is not is that the stars are moving away from us. An expanding universe must have started out infinitely small and agrees with the Big Bang Theory ...
Lecture1
... • For that to happen, you MUST get an account in Blackboard • Sections next week are all in the basement of Campbell Hall • This is not a mathematical course, but there is simple algebra in it (like L=R2 T4 ) a bit. Critical thinking IS required. • The main source of material is the book, but lectur ...
... • For that to happen, you MUST get an account in Blackboard • Sections next week are all in the basement of Campbell Hall • This is not a mathematical course, but there is simple algebra in it (like L=R2 T4 ) a bit. Critical thinking IS required. • The main source of material is the book, but lectur ...
Chapter 12 Our Place in the Universe
... The Universe as a perfect (black-body) radiator at 2.7 K This question is about the temperature of the Universe and the radiation that has filled it since neutral atoms were first produced. Plasma absorbs photons It is thought that the early Universe was too hot for electrons and protons to combine ...
... The Universe as a perfect (black-body) radiator at 2.7 K This question is about the temperature of the Universe and the radiation that has filled it since neutral atoms were first produced. Plasma absorbs photons It is thought that the early Universe was too hot for electrons and protons to combine ...
Lecture 24, PPT version
... • High mass stars end their lives as either neutron stars or black holes after undergoing a supernova • Supernova of high mass star triggered by build up of iron in the ...
... • High mass stars end their lives as either neutron stars or black holes after undergoing a supernova • Supernova of high mass star triggered by build up of iron in the ...
Lecture5 - Tufts Institute of Cosmology
... • “Spiral Nebulae” are outside our Galaxy • “Spiral Nebulae” are systems of stars, i.e., other galaxies • Slipher’s spectroscopic measurements high radial velocities • Showed photos of spiral nebulae – with absorbing bands ...
... • “Spiral Nebulae” are outside our Galaxy • “Spiral Nebulae” are systems of stars, i.e., other galaxies • Slipher’s spectroscopic measurements high radial velocities • Showed photos of spiral nebulae – with absorbing bands ...
83. Expanding the Universe on a Balloon
... away from each other. Students will observe that some dots move more or farther apart than others, but they will see that no dots get closer together. Most astronomers believe that the galaxies in the universe are moving away from each other in a similar fashion to the dots on the balloon. Also simi ...
... away from each other. Students will observe that some dots move more or farther apart than others, but they will see that no dots get closer together. Most astronomers believe that the galaxies in the universe are moving away from each other in a similar fashion to the dots on the balloon. Also simi ...
Wilmslow Guild Lecture 2008
... during which it expanded in size by a factor of 1030. This has been likened to the expansion of a DNA molecule to the size of our galaxy, in a trillionth of a trillionth of the blink of an eye. After this point, the universe expanded and cooled more gradually, during which the stars, planets and all ...
... during which it expanded in size by a factor of 1030. This has been likened to the expansion of a DNA molecule to the size of our galaxy, in a trillionth of a trillionth of the blink of an eye. After this point, the universe expanded and cooled more gradually, during which the stars, planets and all ...
Space Study Guide
... As technology increased, scientists made more and more observations that supported the Big Bang Model. 1. In 1929, Edwin Hubble observed that the spectral lines from other galaxies tended to always shift toward the red end of the spectrum. According to the Doppler Effect, causes this change of obser ...
... As technology increased, scientists made more and more observations that supported the Big Bang Model. 1. In 1929, Edwin Hubble observed that the spectral lines from other galaxies tended to always shift toward the red end of the spectrum. According to the Doppler Effect, causes this change of obser ...
Scientific American - September 2015
... pictures of distant galaxies. Each image from the camera contains 570 megapixels, a huge amount of data, and it will collect about 400 images a night, 105 nights a year, over five years total. The project is called—not surprisingly—the Dark Energy Survey, and when it is complete in February 2018, th ...
... pictures of distant galaxies. Each image from the camera contains 570 megapixels, a huge amount of data, and it will collect about 400 images a night, 105 nights a year, over five years total. The project is called—not surprisingly—the Dark Energy Survey, and when it is complete in February 2018, th ...
The Sky is Our Laboratory
... 16. How many different types of galaxies are there? • It is called the `bulge’ and it consists of stars, generally fairly old. Most galaxies have bulges.. For instance, elliptical galaxies could be considered to consist entirely of a `bulge’. Most spiral galaxies have bulges. There is a (now) well-k ...
... 16. How many different types of galaxies are there? • It is called the `bulge’ and it consists of stars, generally fairly old. Most galaxies have bulges.. For instance, elliptical galaxies could be considered to consist entirely of a `bulge’. Most spiral galaxies have bulges. There is a (now) well-k ...
From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs
... From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs The Universe has been expanding for almost 14 billion years from a smaller, hotter, denser form to its present cooler, larger, and less dense form. You might ask, “What is expanding, and how do we know that?” The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is scientifi ...
... From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs The Universe has been expanding for almost 14 billion years from a smaller, hotter, denser form to its present cooler, larger, and less dense form. You might ask, “What is expanding, and how do we know that?” The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is scientifi ...
From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs The Universe has been
... From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs The Universe has been expanding for almost 14 billion years from a smaller, hotter, denser form to its present cooler, larger, and less dense form. You might ask, “What is expanding, and how do we know that?” The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is scientifi ...
... From Rubber Bands to Big Bangs The Universe has been expanding for almost 14 billion years from a smaller, hotter, denser form to its present cooler, larger, and less dense form. You might ask, “What is expanding, and how do we know that?” The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is scientifi ...
Back ground information
... studying these bodies, understanding how long it took them to form, and knowing how old they are, scientists can create a bound for the age of the universe. That is, if the oldest star is so many billion years old, then the universe is at least that old. Major components of the universe include gala ...
... studying these bodies, understanding how long it took them to form, and knowing how old they are, scientists can create a bound for the age of the universe. That is, if the oldest star is so many billion years old, then the universe is at least that old. Major components of the universe include gala ...
Assessment language for COS page…
... Here are some diagrams that break the history of the universe into times and show how big the universe was at that time. In the beginning 38. How did the name “Big Bang” get coined? ...
... Here are some diagrams that break the history of the universe into times and show how big the universe was at that time. In the beginning 38. How did the name “Big Bang” get coined? ...
Name Section
... Doppler Shift and the Expanding Universe Your instructor will discuss the Doppler shift of light waves from a moving source. a) A stationery light source emits waves of light uniformly in all directions as shown in the diagram. How do the wavelengths of light from the right side of the diagram compa ...
... Doppler Shift and the Expanding Universe Your instructor will discuss the Doppler shift of light waves from a moving source. a) A stationery light source emits waves of light uniformly in all directions as shown in the diagram. How do the wavelengths of light from the right side of the diagram compa ...
1 Introduction for non-astronomers 1.1 Our expanding universe
... The universe began about 13 thousand million years ago, in a hot Big Bang. During a brief period known as “inflation”, which lasted only for a tiny fraction of a second, the universe expanded rapidly. Immediately after inflation, the rate of expansion dropped dramatically; but the universe continued ...
... The universe began about 13 thousand million years ago, in a hot Big Bang. During a brief period known as “inflation”, which lasted only for a tiny fraction of a second, the universe expanded rapidly. Immediately after inflation, the rate of expansion dropped dramatically; but the universe continued ...
Phys 214. Planets and Life
... could be many worlds that had plenty of time for life to arise and evolve. These worlds might have had civilizations millions or billions of years ago. The scale of time holds sobering lessons for our own future. Species have come and gone in the months of the cosmic calendar, and there is no reason ...
... could be many worlds that had plenty of time for life to arise and evolve. These worlds might have had civilizations millions or billions of years ago. The scale of time holds sobering lessons for our own future. Species have come and gone in the months of the cosmic calendar, and there is no reason ...
PSCI 1414 General Astronomy
... • Star system – A star and all the material that orbits it, including planets, dwarf planets like Pluto, and other small solar system bodies • Galaxy – A gravitationally bound system of stars, gas, and dust • Galaxy cluster (or group) – A collection of galaxies bound together by gravity • Superclust ...
... • Star system – A star and all the material that orbits it, including planets, dwarf planets like Pluto, and other small solar system bodies • Galaxy – A gravitationally bound system of stars, gas, and dust • Galaxy cluster (or group) – A collection of galaxies bound together by gravity • Superclust ...
1_Introduction
... A single shell will produce a tiny flux here at Earth. For a shell 1 parsec thick, flux = t × n × L = 40 nanowatts/meter2 ...
... A single shell will produce a tiny flux here at Earth. For a shell 1 parsec thick, flux = t × n × L = 40 nanowatts/meter2 ...
The Island Universe of Immanuel Kant - EU-HOU
... much farther galaxies could be measured. As can be easily noticed in the previous slide (right panel), Hubble law works very well: velocity/distance ratio remains constant in a wide range of these two quantities, particularly for more distant galaxies where the proper motions velocities become negli ...
... much farther galaxies could be measured. As can be easily noticed in the previous slide (right panel), Hubble law works very well: velocity/distance ratio remains constant in a wide range of these two quantities, particularly for more distant galaxies where the proper motions velocities become negli ...
Flatness problem
The flatness problem (also known as the oldness problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be fine-tuned to very 'special' values, and that a small deviation from these values would have had massive effects on the nature of the universe at the current time.In the case of the flatness problem, the parameter which appears fine-tuned is the density of matter and energy in the universe. This value affects the curvature of space-time, with a very specific critical value being required for a flat universe. The current density of the universe is observed to be very close to this critical value. Since the total density departs rapidly from the critical value over cosmic time, the early universe must have had a density even closer to the critical density, departing from it by one part in 1062 or less. This leads cosmologists to question how the initial density came to be so closely fine-tuned to this 'special' value.The problem was first mentioned by Robert Dicke in 1969. The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely rapid expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizon problem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary motivations for inflationary theory.