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Drugs for peptic ulcer, emesis and reflux disorders
Drugs for peptic ulcer, emesis and reflux disorders

... Non systemic antacids: magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate, aluminum hydroxide, and calcium carbonate. ...
Effect of drug type on the degradation rate of PLGA
Effect of drug type on the degradation rate of PLGA

... specifically the presence of OH groups and/or the pH of the water-dissolution products. Yet, as shown in Table 1, there seems to be no correlation between the density of OH groups and the drug release parameters. Kiortsis et al. [18] have shown that the % release of drugs from cellulosic polymers, a ...
Pharmaceutical Price Policies and Practices in China
Pharmaceutical Price Policies and Practices in China

... China provides free medicine services to a limited number of individuals, such as Government officials, most of whom could afford medical expenses (Wu YP, 2007, Interview). Five years after Zhenjiang Province and Jiujiang City’s pilots in 1993, the BMI system for urban employees (compulsory), which ...
chapter 2 - Eastbourne, Hailsham and Seaford CCG
chapter 2 - Eastbourne, Hailsham and Seaford CCG

... 1. Propranolol is included for the management of conditions such as thyrotoxicosis, migraine and anxiety only. Standard formulations should be used first line. For patients where compliance might be a problem, the modified release (M/R) formulation may be considered. 2. Labetalol may be used for the ...
How to determine personal use in drug legislation
How to determine personal use in drug legislation

... too many “discretionary powers”: as a consequence, quantitative thresholds were to be restored. The “Fini bill” was approved by the parliament at the beginning of 2006. As we can see, the anti-referendum rhetoric was similar to the arguments against the “limited amount” provision in the 1975 law; th ...
Common Drugs of Abuse
Common Drugs of Abuse

... feel differently? How much is too much? Why do some people become addicted while others do not? The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism is researching the answers to these, and many other questions about alcohol. Here’s what is known: Alcohol’s effects vary from person to person, depe ...
Severe hepatotoxicity by Indian Ayurvedic herbal products: A
Severe hepatotoxicity by Indian Ayurvedic herbal products: A

... The term drug refers basically to any synthetic drug, herbal drug, and dietary supplement including the herbal one. In the section 7 (search for non drug causes) the symbol of - denotes that the parameter has been evaluated and the result was negative. Total points: ≤ 0 = causality excluded. 1-2 = c ...
Beers Criteria Public Translation
Beers Criteria Public Translation

... As you get older, your body changes. These changes can increase the chances that you’ll have side effects when you take medications. Older people usually have more health problems and take more medications than younger people. Because of this, they are also more likely to experience dangerous drug-d ...
AGS Beers Criteria Summary for Patients and Caregivers.
AGS Beers Criteria Summary for Patients and Caregivers.

... As you get older, your body changes. These changes can increase the chances that you’ll have side effects when you take medications. Older people usually have more health problems and take more medications than younger people. Because of this, they are also more likely to experience dangerous drug-d ...
OpioidAnalgesics_3
OpioidAnalgesics_3

... • Wax et al. surmise from the available evidence that the Moscow emergency services had not been informed of the use of the agent, and therefore did not have adequate supplies of naloxone or naltrexone (opioid antagonists) to prevent complications in many of the victims. • Assuming that carfentanil ...
A New Therapeutic Applications for Drug Repositioning
A New Therapeutic Applications for Drug Repositioning

... may be new uses for existing drugs as repositioning candidates have frequently been through several phases of development (ADMET, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity; EMEA, European Medicines Agency; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; IP, intellectual property; MHLW, Ministr ...
What People Need to Know about Psychiatric Drugs
What People Need to Know about Psychiatric Drugs

... on the brain and the body. Scientists do not know exactly how psychiatric drugs work or all their effects, including long term physical, mental and social consequences. It is not legally required in Canada in 2009 to provide comprehensive information about the possible harmful effects of medications ...
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

... • Semi-synthesis compounds: Some compounds either can not be purely synthesized or can not be isolated from natural sources in low cost. Therefore, the natural intermediate of such drugs could be used for the synthesis of a desired product (e.g. semi synthetic penicillins). ...
Facilitating adverse drug event detection in pharmacovigilance
Facilitating adverse drug event detection in pharmacovigilance

... The US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) adverse event reporting system (AERS)1 is currently used in the USA as the main source for drug safety surveillance. The FDA receives reports of suspected adverse drug events (ADE),2 which are then entered into the AERS database and used to discover new AD ...
CHIRALITY (AS PREFORMULATION ASPECTS) 
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... Tao and Cooks recently reported that quantitative chiral analysis could be done by tandem MS. The method is rapid and requires very little sample. Lou recently reported that it would be useful to determine enantiomers and other structurally similar drug impurities using one rather than two analytica ...
You Should Continue Breastfeeding
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... Over the years, far too many women have been wrongly told they had to stop breastfeeding. The decision about continuing breastfeeding when the mother takes a drug, for example, is far more involved than whether the baby will get any in the milk. It also involves taking into consideration the risks o ...
New (and emerging) Psychoactive Substances (NPS)
New (and emerging) Psychoactive Substances (NPS)

... that are relatively new to recreational drug markets. This term captures all NPS as well as drugs that may not be newly invented, but have recently experienced a resurgence of or increase in use (e.g. 2C-B, DMT). The NPS market has grown rapidly over the past decade and currently encompasses hundred ...
Risk of agranulocytosis and aplastic anaemia in relation
Risk of agranulocytosis and aplastic anaemia in relation

... Of the 362 patients qonfirmed as having agranulocytosis, 67 (19%) were not interviewed because: they had died; more than 28 days had elapsed since admission to hospital; there were psychological or medical reasons; or they could not be traced. In addition, eight patients (or their doctors) refused t ...
Expanded Access Programs
Expanded Access Programs

... Monitoring the physicians as investigators (only for Expanded Access Programs for intermediate-size and broad populations) Providing information to physicians to minimize risk and ...
Yadav, Virendra Yadav TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: REVIEW
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... drug in adhesive and others are reservoir and the matrix systems. The market value of TDDS products are increasing with rapid rate, more than 35 products have now been approved for sale in US, and approximately 16 active ingredients are approved globally for use as a TDDS. Transdermal drug delivery ...
Common Drug Interactions Leading to Adverse Drug
Common Drug Interactions Leading to Adverse Drug

... Predicting the time of onset for a particular DDI can be a challenge.28 Numerous factors can affect the evolution and eventual manifestation of a DDI. However, such a prediction can allow the clinician to develop the most appropriate plan for patient monitoring, dosing adjustments, and follow-up. Th ...
Policy 10 Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Policy 10 Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs

... used clinically to determine the level of anesthesia. When NMB drugs are administered to animals, these useful parameters are lost. NMB drugs must therefore be used only in conjunction with an anesthetic protocol known from clinical veterinary experience to produce a stable and adequate level of gen ...
FY M.Pharm - ICT Mumbai
FY M.Pharm - ICT Mumbai

...  Possible effects of drugs on the membranes & effect of membrane on drugs  Role of drug membrane interaction in pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics of drugs  Development of predictive models for drug membrane interactions (in vitro & computational)  Study of the drug membrane interactions 4. Pha ...
THE EFFECT OF FDA`S POLICIES ON THE DECREASING
THE EFFECT OF FDA`S POLICIES ON THE DECREASING

... drugs were to carry prescription status. From that time on, the FDA would give prescription status to a drug if its toxicity or other potentiality for harmful effect ... ha[d] been determined by the Federal Security Administrator, on the basis of opinions generally held among experts ... to be safe ...
Bifunctional drugs for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Bifunctional drugs for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

... These complementary activities have led to LABAs and LAMAs often being used together, particularly in the treatment of patients with COPD [21]. Additionally, it is recognised that these two classes of drug can provide better bronchodilation than using either class of drug alone (as described above), ...
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Orphan drug

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.In the US and EU it is easier to gain marketing approval for an orphan drug, and there may be other financial incentives, such as extended exclusivity periods, all intended to encourage the development of drugs which might otherwise lack a sufficient profit motive. The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.According to Thomson Reuters in their 2012 publication ""The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs"", there has been increased investing in orphan drug Research and Development partly due to the U. S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) 1983 and similar Acts in other regions of the world and also driven by ""high-profile philanthropic funding."" The period between 2001 to 2011 was the ""most productive period in the history of orphan drug development, in terms of average annual orphan drug designations and orphan drug approvals."" For the same decade the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the orphan drugs was an ""impressive 25.8 percent, compared to only 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs."" By 2012 the market for orphan drugs was worth USD$637 million compared to the USD$638 million matched control group of non-orphan drugs, Thomson Reuters.By 2012, ""the revenue-generating potential of orphan drugs [was] as great as for non-orphan drugs, even though patient populations for rare diseases are significantly smaller. Moreover, we suggest that orphan drugs have greater profitability when considered in the full context of developmental drivers including government financial incentives, smaller clinical trial sizes, shorter clinical trial times and higher rates of regulatory success.""
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