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PowerPoint_Chapter15
PowerPoint_Chapter15

... Answer: The patient would be taking a multidrug regimen that consists of a PPI or an H2 blocker to heal the ulcer and antibiotics to destroy the bacteria. The patient may also be taking an antacid. Question 2: A patient has nausea and vomiting during airplane rides. At the pharmacy, he asks if a med ...
Quantitative Prediction of Transporter- and Enzyme
Quantitative Prediction of Transporter- and Enzyme

... the adverse risks associated with drug interactions. Confidence in the prediction of DDIs for drugs eliminated via cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes is generally high (Obach et al., 2006; Fahmi et al., 2008). However, despite tremendous strides in several areas of drug transporters, reliable tools for ...
Preservative-Free Ophthalmic Products - Scope e
Preservative-Free Ophthalmic Products - Scope e

... the elderly population, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and presbyopia. In addition, a huge segment of population across the globe experiences various surface eye diseases, such as dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, ...
0316065.01 - Society of Nuclear Medicine
0316065.01 - Society of Nuclear Medicine

... Method for Radiopharmaceuticals CMS is struggling to determine payment for one new radiopharmaceutical drug. We acknowledge that payment for radiopharmaceuticals presents unique challenges since they have all the features of drugs, plus additional clinical and technological attributes which can make ...
A study of prescription pattern of Non steroidal anti
A study of prescription pattern of Non steroidal anti

... The demonstration of two unique isoforms of cyclooxygenase (designated as COX-1 and COX-2) has led to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of action of NSAIDs and their toxicity3. The beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of the NSAIDs had been attributed to inhibition of COX-2, while the gastroi ...
Drugs of Abuse
Drugs of Abuse

... decision whether to propose that a drug or other substance should be removed or controlled and into which schedule it should be placed. The threshold issue is whether the drug or other substance has potential for abuse. If a drug does not have a potential for abuse, it cannot be controlled. Although ...
Drugs of Abuse - Drug Free Business
Drugs of Abuse - Drug Free Business

... decision whether to propose that a drug or other substance should be removed or controlled and into which schedule it should be placed. The threshold issue is whether the drug or other substance has potential for abuse. If a drug does not have a potential for abuse, it cannot be controlled. Although ...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in the Geriatric Patient
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in the Geriatric Patient

... by an increase in the use of medications.2 Medication therapy is among the most widely used and highly valued interventions for acute and chronic diseases of older adults, yet the use of drug therapy in the geriatric patient is one of the most difficult aspects of patient care.3,4 The unexpected or ...
The use of compound topical anesthetics
The use of compound topical anesthetics

... labeling of the commercial container.2 Unlike customized compound pharmaceuticals, manufactured drug products are mass-produced and federally regulated under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act. FDA approval of pharmaceutical compounds. Through the early 20th century, several worthless and often ...
Sample Chapter
Sample Chapter

... by an increase in the use of medications.2 Medication therapy is among the most widely used and highly valued interventions for acute and chronic diseases of older adults, yet the use of drug therapy in the geriatric patient is one of the most difficult aspects of patient care.3,4 The unexpected or ...
a review on dosage regimen - Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical
a review on dosage regimen - Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical

... The main objective of individualization is aimed at optimizing the dosage regimen. An inadequate therapeutic response calls for a higher dosage whereas drug related toxicity calls for a reduction in dosage. Thus in order to aid individualization, a drug must be made available in dosage forms of diff ...
New anti-tuberculosis drugs and regimens: 2015 update
New anti-tuberculosis drugs and regimens: 2015 update

... inhibits the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (BlaC) produced by TB bacilli, which generally hamper the activity of β-lactam antibiotics like meropenem. In a recently published case–control study, meropenem/ clavulanate added to an OBR regimen containing linezolid (at the dose of 1 g three times a day) ...
prescription drugs
prescription drugs

... Continued use can lead to physical dependency and, when use is reduced or stopped abruptly, withdrawal symptoms may occur. Because all prescription sedatives and tranquilizers work by slowing the brain's activity, when an individual stops taking them, there can be a rebound effect, possibly leading ...
1 The Current State and the Issues of Antibody Drugs Introduction
1 The Current State and the Issues of Antibody Drugs Introduction

... low molecular weights which were administered orally. These drugs have a long history of research and development and a number of them have become “blockbusters,” with sales of over 100 billion yen. These small molecule drugs are effective in treating certain types of diseases: however, they are not ...
a study of prescription pattern of non steroidal anti
a study of prescription pattern of non steroidal anti

... peptic disorders6. Selective COX-2 inhibitors promise better gastrointestinal tolerance, but various studies6, 7 have shown that selective COX-2 inhibitors do not decrease the frequency of GPAs coprescription. Precise role of GPAs co-prescription with NSAIDs is still widely debated. For a developing ...
anticholinergic drugs and dementia
anticholinergic drugs and dementia

... What are the implications of anticholinergic drugs with respect to dementia risk? The impact of anticholinergic drugs on people’s likelihood of developing dementia has received increasing attention, although the research findings are mixed. In a recent study that followed participants for an average ...
Study Objectives
Study Objectives

... 6. Summarize the steps involved in neurochemical synaptic transmission. 7. Distinguish between ionotropic and metabotropic receptor activation. 8. Identify and briefly describe two ways that neurotransmitters may be deactivated at the synapse. 9. Define the terms agonist and antagonist with respect ...
Original Article Inhibitory effects of 19 antiprotozoal drugs and
Original Article Inhibitory effects of 19 antiprotozoal drugs and

... suppressive test, and the pathogenicity of the blood from the treated mice was also used as indicator. Results: The results showed that 15 of the 19 drugs had little or no in vivo effect against B. microti. The inhibitory rates of atovaquone and azithromycin were high at all doses, but the microscop ...
Document
Document

... – Atropine suppresses thermoregulatory sweating. – In adults, body temperature is elevated by this effect only if large doses are administered, but in infants and children even ordinary doses may cause "atropine fever." ...
FLOATING SYSTEMS: A NOVEL APPROACH TOWARDS GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY  SYSTEMS  Review Article 
FLOATING SYSTEMS: A NOVEL APPROACH TOWARDS GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY  SYSTEMS  Review Article 

... The  oral  route  is  considered  as  the  most  promising  route  of  drug  delivery.Conventional  drug  delivery  system  achieves  as  well  as  maintains  the  drug  concentration  within  the  therapeutically  effective range needed for treatment only when taken several times  a  day1.  This  r ...
Development and Validation of HPTLC method
Development and Validation of HPTLC method

... FULL Length Research Paper Covered in Index Copernicus with IC Value 4.68 for 2010 ...
Chapter 4 - Central Nervous System
Chapter 4 - Central Nervous System

... 3. Hypnotics should be avoided in the elderly who are at risk of becoming ataxic and confused and so liable to fall and injure themselves. 4. Zolpidem is the first line choice of hypnotic in all patients including the elderly. 5. Loprazolam and temazepam both have short duration of action and have n ...
Psychotropic Medications Metabolized by Cytochromes P450 (CYP
Psychotropic Medications Metabolized by Cytochromes P450 (CYP

... generally acknowledged since many of the drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 are CNS active agents with narrow therapeutic indices, drug over treatment and accumulation can give rise to symptoms similar to those of the disease itself. Prescribers need to be aware of whether a drug they are prescribing is su ...
Document
Document

... Cyclosporine***|C|; does not appear to be a major human teratogen; but could cause complications like: ...
Towards early inclusion of children in tuberculosis drugs trials: a
Towards early inclusion of children in tuberculosis drugs trials: a

... trials is not required.45 Similarly, drugs intended to treat tuberculosis can have orphan medicinal product status in Europe; however, no exemption is given for inclusion of children in trials investigating new treatments, and a paediatric investigation plan has to be agreed with the European Union ...
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Orphan drug

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.In the US and EU it is easier to gain marketing approval for an orphan drug, and there may be other financial incentives, such as extended exclusivity periods, all intended to encourage the development of drugs which might otherwise lack a sufficient profit motive. The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.According to Thomson Reuters in their 2012 publication ""The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs"", there has been increased investing in orphan drug Research and Development partly due to the U. S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) 1983 and similar Acts in other regions of the world and also driven by ""high-profile philanthropic funding."" The period between 2001 to 2011 was the ""most productive period in the history of orphan drug development, in terms of average annual orphan drug designations and orphan drug approvals."" For the same decade the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the orphan drugs was an ""impressive 25.8 percent, compared to only 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs."" By 2012 the market for orphan drugs was worth USD$637 million compared to the USD$638 million matched control group of non-orphan drugs, Thomson Reuters.By 2012, ""the revenue-generating potential of orphan drugs [was] as great as for non-orphan drugs, even though patient populations for rare diseases are significantly smaller. Moreover, we suggest that orphan drugs have greater profitability when considered in the full context of developmental drivers including government financial incentives, smaller clinical trial sizes, shorter clinical trial times and higher rates of regulatory success.""
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