Reflex Conditioning
... B. Sign-tracking (autoshaping) 1. response 2. subjects 3. procedure for production 4. procedure for demonstration 5. typical results ...
... B. Sign-tracking (autoshaping) 1. response 2. subjects 3. procedure for production 4. procedure for demonstration 5. typical results ...
asgn3d -- INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING
... concepts of instrumental conditioning to problems ranging from animal training to education, treatment of psychological problems, behavioral management of mentally retarded people, and industrial management. Skinner used the term operant conditioning, which is slightly different from instrumental co ...
... concepts of instrumental conditioning to problems ranging from animal training to education, treatment of psychological problems, behavioral management of mentally retarded people, and industrial management. Skinner used the term operant conditioning, which is slightly different from instrumental co ...
Adjunctive Behavior
... . An important postulate, sometimes called the postulate of behavior passivity, prevails with respect to all behavior. Behavior happens only as an inevitable reaction. An organism has no capacity to behave initiatively or proactively. It does not initiate a behavior, nor can it do a behavior, nor d ...
... . An important postulate, sometimes called the postulate of behavior passivity, prevails with respect to all behavior. Behavior happens only as an inevitable reaction. An organism has no capacity to behave initiatively or proactively. It does not initiate a behavior, nor can it do a behavior, nor d ...
Positive Reinforcement
... anonymous) feedback generated by one’s manager, peers, subordinates, and other key people. ...
... anonymous) feedback generated by one’s manager, peers, subordinates, and other key people. ...
Learning
... to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. • They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. • They learn how to interact with their parents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their wo ...
... to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. • They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. • They learn how to interact with their parents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their wo ...
LEARNING THROUGH CONDITIONING
... The other stimulus is said to be neutral in the sense that it does not initially produce a response. When a response to this neutral stimulus is acquired or learned, the technical name for it is the stimulus. In Pavlov’s initial study, the conditioned stimulus was the sound of a ...
... The other stimulus is said to be neutral in the sense that it does not initially produce a response. When a response to this neutral stimulus is acquired or learned, the technical name for it is the stimulus. In Pavlov’s initial study, the conditioned stimulus was the sound of a ...
Vocab Flashcards
... reinforcers can save them z and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers z later. z A stimulus z that is aversive z because it has been paired ...
... reinforcers can save them z and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers z later. z A stimulus z that is aversive z because it has been paired ...
weiten6_PPT06
... operant chamber, or Skinner box. In this apparatus designed for rats, the response under study is lever pressing. Food pellets, which may serve as reinforcers, are delivered into the food cup on the right. The speaker and light permit manipulations of visual and auditory stimuli, and the electric gr ...
... operant chamber, or Skinner box. In this apparatus designed for rats, the response under study is lever pressing. Food pellets, which may serve as reinforcers, are delivered into the food cup on the right. The speaker and light permit manipulations of visual and auditory stimuli, and the electric gr ...
Vocab Flashcards
... reinforcers can save them z and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers z later. z A stimulus z that is aversive z because it has been paired ...
... reinforcers can save them z and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers z later. z A stimulus z that is aversive z because it has been paired ...
FILLING THE GAPS: SKINNER ON THE ROLE OF
... history of organism. As far as Skinner is concerned, an inferential second link cannot serve in the explanation of behavior: To be useful, explanations in terms of the second link should deal with events that are observable and susceptible of manipulation. Otherwise, we face the risks of explanation ...
... history of organism. As far as Skinner is concerned, an inferential second link cannot serve in the explanation of behavior: To be useful, explanations in terms of the second link should deal with events that are observable and susceptible of manipulation. Otherwise, we face the risks of explanation ...
Learning - Net Texts
... Because lightning reliably predicts the impending boom of thunder, you may associate the two and jump when you see lightning. Psychological researchers study this associative process by focusing on what can be seen and measured—behaviors. Researchers ask if one stimulus triggers a reflex, can we tra ...
... Because lightning reliably predicts the impending boom of thunder, you may associate the two and jump when you see lightning. Psychological researchers study this associative process by focusing on what can be seen and measured—behaviors. Researchers ask if one stimulus triggers a reflex, can we tra ...
Behavioral Theory of Timing Applied to a DRL
... Behavioral Theory of Timing Applied to a DRL-Limited Hold Procedure Traditional behavior analyses concentrated on the strengthening of reflex behavior. Skinner (1938), for example, described operant conditioning in animals using a modified version of the law of effect: When a response is followed by ...
... Behavioral Theory of Timing Applied to a DRL-Limited Hold Procedure Traditional behavior analyses concentrated on the strengthening of reflex behavior. Skinner (1938), for example, described operant conditioning in animals using a modified version of the law of effect: When a response is followed by ...
Module10OperantandCognitiveApproaches
... • Thorndike’s law of effect – states that behaviors followed by positive consequences are strengthened, while behaviors followed by negative consequences are weakened • Skinner’s operant conditioning – focuses on how consequences (rewards or punishments) affect behaviors) – 1920’s and 1930’s gave le ...
... • Thorndike’s law of effect – states that behaviors followed by positive consequences are strengthened, while behaviors followed by negative consequences are weakened • Skinner’s operant conditioning – focuses on how consequences (rewards or punishments) affect behaviors) – 1920’s and 1930’s gave le ...
What Teachers Need to Know About Learning
... B. F. Skinner, a Harvard psychologist, has been one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century. His theories and research have been applied to education, business, health care, mental health, prison reform, and military training. Skinner was thoroughly familiar with the writings ...
... B. F. Skinner, a Harvard psychologist, has been one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century. His theories and research have been applied to education, business, health care, mental health, prison reform, and military training. Skinner was thoroughly familiar with the writings ...
Classical Conditioning
... Pavlov’s genius lay in his ability to recognize the implications of this discovery. He saw that the dogs were responding not only on the basis of a biological need (hunger), but also as a result of learning—or, as it came to be called, classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a type of lear ...
... Pavlov’s genius lay in his ability to recognize the implications of this discovery. He saw that the dogs were responding not only on the basis of a biological need (hunger), but also as a result of learning—or, as it came to be called, classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a type of lear ...
Chap 5 PPT - Cinnaminson
... Classical Conditioning Concepts • Stimulus generalization - the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response. • Stimulus discrimination - the tendency to stop making a generalized response to a stimulus that is similar to t ...
... Classical Conditioning Concepts • Stimulus generalization - the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response. • Stimulus discrimination - the tendency to stop making a generalized response to a stimulus that is similar to t ...
Introduction - National Autism Conference
... • At the same time that traditional psychological treatments were showing limited success with children with autism the use of operant conditioning procedures were showing promise. • In 1958, Ayllon and Michael had demonstrated that operant methods could be used to effectively treat the aberrant beh ...
... • At the same time that traditional psychological treatments were showing limited success with children with autism the use of operant conditioning procedures were showing promise. • In 1958, Ayllon and Michael had demonstrated that operant methods could be used to effectively treat the aberrant beh ...
Chapter 13 additional PPT
... Therapists ask clients to keep records of when and where they engage in certain behaviors Observation by others Provides the most accurate assessment of a client’s behavior Used to complement data obtained through other methods © 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, ...
... Therapists ask clients to keep records of when and where they engage in certain behaviors Observation by others Provides the most accurate assessment of a client’s behavior Used to complement data obtained through other methods © 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, ...
Classical Conditioning
... information and behaviors. (Conditioning, Observation, etc.) Behaviorists focused on learning as a process of association. Associative Learning – learning that certain events occure together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences as in operan ...
... information and behaviors. (Conditioning, Observation, etc.) Behaviorists focused on learning as a process of association. Associative Learning – learning that certain events occure together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences as in operan ...
Chapter 7: Learning SW
... The summer sun shines brightly on a deserted stretch of beach. Suddenly, a tiny grey head emerges from the sand, then another and another. Soon the beach is teeming with loggerhead sea turtle hatchlings (Figure 1.1). Although only minutes old, the hatchlings know exactly what to do. Their ippers ar ...
... The summer sun shines brightly on a deserted stretch of beach. Suddenly, a tiny grey head emerges from the sand, then another and another. Soon the beach is teeming with loggerhead sea turtle hatchlings (Figure 1.1). Although only minutes old, the hatchlings know exactly what to do. Their ippers ar ...
Module 10a--Operant and Cognitive Approaches
... A. people learn from the examples of others without themselves being reinforced B. repetition results in reflexive habits without awareness C. behavior is influenced by its consequences and whether they increase or decrease the likelihood of that behavior being repeated D. stimuli are paired to elic ...
... A. people learn from the examples of others without themselves being reinforced B. repetition results in reflexive habits without awareness C. behavior is influenced by its consequences and whether they increase or decrease the likelihood of that behavior being repeated D. stimuli are paired to elic ...
Analysis of Behavior in the Planarian Model
... ing paradigms using light or vibration as a conditioned stimulus and shock as the unconditioned stimulus. The original Thompson and McConnell39 experiment served as the model with the technique being refined over the years.26 Unfortunately an unpaired group receiving the same number of CSs and USs w ...
... ing paradigms using light or vibration as a conditioned stimulus and shock as the unconditioned stimulus. The original Thompson and McConnell39 experiment served as the model with the technique being refined over the years.26 Unfortunately an unpaired group receiving the same number of CSs and USs w ...
Unit 6 Practice Test
... 9. Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of: A) habituation. B) latent learning. C) generalization. D) delayed reinforcem ...
... 9. Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of: A) habituation. B) latent learning. C) generalization. D) delayed reinforcem ...
Chapter 8 Practice Test
... 9. Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of: A) habituation. B) latent learning. C) generalization. D) delayed reinforcem ...
... 9. Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of: A) habituation. B) latent learning. C) generalization. D) delayed reinforcem ...