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Opstel Biologie History of the microscope The most well
Opstel Biologie History of the microscope The most well

... He made a lot of discoveries with his own made microscope. Some of those are the infusoria, red blood cells and some bacteria. In the beginning he thought that the red blood cells had a sphere shape. But in fact they have a disc-like shape. He also discovered mites in cheese. At that time those were ...
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular

... Prothrombin (factor II) is a protein made in the liver and is a normal part of blood plasma. a. Prothrombin is converted to thrombin (factor II a). b. Thrombin fragments fibrinogen. c. Fibrinogen joins to form long slender threads of fibrin. d. Fibrin threads attach to the damaged blood vessels and ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

... Platelets are also carried in the blood. Formed in red bone marrow. Produce thrombokinase – a chemical needed for blood clotting. Platelets help to repair tissues and close wounds both internally and externally. When needed, they grow into irregular shapes and stick together to form a plug over the ...
Topic 6.3 Defense
Topic 6.3 Defense

... • Foreign antigens are proteins found on cell walls of pathogenic bacteria or fungi and protein coats of viruses (most organisms have antigens) • Different pathogens may have several different types of antigens on the surface of their cell membrane • Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system ...
1 CHAPTER 2: BLOOD CIRCULATION AND
1 CHAPTER 2: BLOOD CIRCULATION AND

... • The heart is divided into four chambers. The upper two chambers are the right atrium and left atrium. The lower two chambers are the right ventricle and left ventricle. • The upper and lower chambers are divided by a muscular wall. • The left ventricle has the thickest wall because it has to pump ...
Introduction to Blood Banking Jordin Karalunas LVT, VTS (ECC
Introduction to Blood Banking Jordin Karalunas LVT, VTS (ECC

... cats; however some have naturally occurring antibodies against this antigen. If a cat has naturally occurring antibodies to MiK, and is transfused with this antigen, hemolytic transfusion reaction will occur. The importance of cross matching each cat prior to transfusion must be stressed. Xenotransf ...
Companion 1 PBM Guidelines
Companion 1 PBM Guidelines

... - the risks associated with blood transfusion - with increasing evidence of higher risk of morbidity and mortality and increased length of stay; - rising costs, both direct and indirect, associated with provision and transfusion of allogeneic blood; - challenges of maintaining an adequate blood supp ...
File
File

... introduced into individ. to stimulate their immune system EX: VACCINATION * dead organism or live altered one (produces no symptoms) ...
pretransfusion testing
pretransfusion testing

... For red cells - Group O packed red cells (lack A and B antigens) or red cells compatible with the recipient’s plasma For plasma - Group AB plasma (contains no anti-A or anti-B) or plasma compatible with recipient’s red cells For platelets – All ABO groups acceptable; components compatible with the r ...
Diffusion and Osmosis in the Human Body
Diffusion and Osmosis in the Human Body

... they get to areas in the body where gas exchanges must be made (lungs, body tissues, etc.) arteries branch into arterioles and veins branch into venules. Arterioles connect to venules through capillaries, the thinnest of all blood vessels. Through the walls of the capillaries, gasses are exchanged t ...
File - Etna FFA Agriculture
File - Etna FFA Agriculture

... Contains a protein called hemoglobin which carries oxygen in the blood. Numerous red blood cells contained in the body, these cells cannot repair themselves and die after a period of time. ...
Safari Souvenir
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Circulatory System

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... – Do not exhibit visible agglutination of saline- suspended erythrocytes, and called incomplete antibodies – React optimally at a temperature of 37C, and are so called warm agglutinins. – These antibodies can cross the placental barrier, e.g. IgG ...
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Human Body Systems PowerPoint Projects

... 2.) What is the purpose of the heart and blood in our bodies? 3.) What is the purpose of red blood cells? 4.) What is hemoglobin and on which blood cell can it be found? 5.) What is the function of platelets, plasma and white blood cells in blood? 6.) Veins carry blood _________ the heart and arteri ...
Scary Movie
Scary Movie

... Can be analyzed to give clues to the location of a crime, movement of a victim, and type of weapon Blood spatter: Can be analyzed to determine patterns that give investigators clues how a crime might have happened Is it blood Is it human blood Whose is it Determine blood type, alcohol content, drugs ...
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FEMALE_RAT_DISSECTION_Nigel

...  Lymph nodes: They remove cell waste and fight infections in the body.  Kidneys: Remove waste from the blood as urine.  Ureter: It is to carry urine from the kidneys.  Teeth: It is to break down the food into pieces.  Oesophagus: A tube used to pass the food from mouth to the stomach.  Stomach ...
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The Circulatory System

... – Carries blood away from the heart ► Veins – Carries blood back to the heart ► Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to ...
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Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Case Study
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Case Study

... In a WAIHA case, it is important to detect and identify any underlying alloantibodies should transfusion be required. Since warm autoantibodies are typically panreactive in the antibody screens and panels, the detection and identification of any underlying alloantibodies can be difficult. An adsorpt ...
Click here to the guide.
Click here to the guide.

... Antibodies can sometimes stop an antigen's disease-causing activities simply by neutralization-that is, by binding the antigen and preventing it from interfering with the cell's normal activities. Antibodies also help destroy antigens by coating the surface of the antigens, preparing them for ingest ...
224Lecture02-2010-Sumida
224Lecture02-2010-Sumida

... In combination with different (incompatible) kinds of blood, they induce blood cells to clump up (“agglutination”). Two different versions of these types of proteins (called “agglutinogens”: A and B. Based on possible combinations of A & B types of agglutinogens, thre are four possible blood types i ...
Composition of the Immune System
Composition of the Immune System

... Antibodies can sometimes stop an antigen's disease-causing activities simply by neutralization-that is, by binding the antigen and preventing it from interfering with the cell's normal activities. Antibodies also help destroy antigens by coating the surface of the antigens, preparing them for ingest ...
Unit 1 Part 2 Blood Collection
Unit 1 Part 2 Blood Collection

... Transfusion Service Testing  The only repeat testing required is:  ABO on red cell products  D typing (IS) on D negative red cell products  Plasma products (FFP, CRYO, PLTS) do not require any testing.  Donor samples must be stored at 1-6C for at least 7 days after ...
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Blood type



A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. Several of these red blood cell surface antigens can stem from one allele (or an alternative version of a gene) and collectively form a blood group system.Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents. A total of 35 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). The two most important ones are ABO and the RhD antigen; they determine someone's blood type (A, B, AB and O, with +, − or Null denoting RhD status).Many pregnant women carry a fetus with a blood type which is different from their own, which is not a problem. What can matter is whether the baby is RhD positive or negative. Mothers who are RhD- and carry a RhD+ baby can form antibodies against fetal RBCs. Sometimes these maternal antibodies are IgG, a small immunoglobulin, which can cross the placenta and cause hemolysis of fetal RBCs, which in turn can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn called erythroblastosis fetalis, an illness of low fetal blood counts that ranges from mild to severe. Sometimes this is lethal for the fetus; in these cases it is called hydrops fetalis.
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