SAPS(1) USER COMMANDS SAPS(1) NAME saps
... protein sequence properties. Properties considered include compositional biases; clusters and runs of charge and other amino acid types; different kinds and extents of repetitive structures; locally periodic motifs; and anomalous spacings between identical residue types. The statistics are computed ...
... protein sequence properties. Properties considered include compositional biases; clusters and runs of charge and other amino acid types; different kinds and extents of repetitive structures; locally periodic motifs; and anomalous spacings between identical residue types. The statistics are computed ...
Optimizing bacterial expression and purifica- Biomedical laboratory science,
... meiosis. This recombinant DNA differs only from the parental DNA in the combination of the alleles it contains, but the sequence of the genes remains the same. Such restrictions do not however exist in the laboratory. Basically any segment of DNA can nowadays be cut out from any genome and be joined ...
... meiosis. This recombinant DNA differs only from the parental DNA in the combination of the alleles it contains, but the sequence of the genes remains the same. Such restrictions do not however exist in the laboratory. Basically any segment of DNA can nowadays be cut out from any genome and be joined ...
Cox, G. Nutritional strategies to maximise recovery following
... balance, even when drinks are made freely available and there is little else to distract them from drinking adequately (Carter and Gisolfi 1989). In a real life post-game scenario, when athletes have numerous commitments — cool-down, post-game recovery strategies, media, post-game debrief and functi ...
... balance, even when drinks are made freely available and there is little else to distract them from drinking adequately (Carter and Gisolfi 1989). In a real life post-game scenario, when athletes have numerous commitments — cool-down, post-game recovery strategies, media, post-game debrief and functi ...
L- Amino Acid Assay Kit (Colorimetric)
... Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, as well as a side-chain (R group) which confers uniqueness to each amino acid. The main elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, although other elements can be found in so ...
... Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, as well as a side-chain (R group) which confers uniqueness to each amino acid. The main elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, although other elements can be found in so ...
Protein Synthesis and Quality Control at the Endoplasmic Reticulum
... movement of many small ions and molecules across the membrane? There are many examples of the need to maintain a membrane’s permeability barrier during protein trafficking. More than 90% of mitochondrial proteins are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes and then imported into mitochondria [4,5]. Sin ...
... movement of many small ions and molecules across the membrane? There are many examples of the need to maintain a membrane’s permeability barrier during protein trafficking. More than 90% of mitochondrial proteins are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes and then imported into mitochondria [4,5]. Sin ...
Metabolic and physiological interdependencies in the
... transfer from the symbionts to the host are poorly understood. We used a combination of proteomics and genomics to investigate the physiology and metabolism of the individual symbiotic partners. Our study revealed that key metabolic functions are most likely accomplished jointly by B. azoricus and i ...
... transfer from the symbionts to the host are poorly understood. We used a combination of proteomics and genomics to investigate the physiology and metabolism of the individual symbiotic partners. Our study revealed that key metabolic functions are most likely accomplished jointly by B. azoricus and i ...
27.1 Digestion of Proteins 27.2 Amino Acid Metabolism: An
... 27.1 Digestion of Proteins • Food is converted into smaller, more digestible portions, increasing the surface area of the food to be digested. • In the acidic environment of the stomach (pH 1–2), the tertiary and secondary structures of proteins begin to unfold. • Gastric secretions include pepsino ...
... 27.1 Digestion of Proteins • Food is converted into smaller, more digestible portions, increasing the surface area of the food to be digested. • In the acidic environment of the stomach (pH 1–2), the tertiary and secondary structures of proteins begin to unfold. • Gastric secretions include pepsino ...
Investigation of Iron-Sulfur Protein Maturation in Eukaryotes
... participate in the maturation of cytosolic and nuclear Fe-S proteins. Of the approx 20 assembly components known to date, many are encoded by essential genes, including several components of mitochondria. This indicates that the process is indispensable for life. In fact, the maturation of cellular ...
... participate in the maturation of cytosolic and nuclear Fe-S proteins. Of the approx 20 assembly components known to date, many are encoded by essential genes, including several components of mitochondria. This indicates that the process is indispensable for life. In fact, the maturation of cellular ...
A bioinformatics study concerning the structural and functional
... caveolar membranes directly interacting with cav1 to form a stable hetero-oligomeric complex that is required for targeting to lipid rafts and for caveolae formation.20 It has three isoforms: α, β and γ. The α- and β-isoforms differ in their subcellular locations and the β-isoform does not interact ...
... caveolar membranes directly interacting with cav1 to form a stable hetero-oligomeric complex that is required for targeting to lipid rafts and for caveolae formation.20 It has three isoforms: α, β and γ. The α- and β-isoforms differ in their subcellular locations and the β-isoform does not interact ...
Active transport of antibiotics across the outer membrane of gram
... active center of the transporters, and from an antibiotic that diffuses too slowly into cells to be useful by itself as a drug. The FhuA–albomycin structure demonstrates that the water-filled cavities in transporters can tolerate rather large antibiotics that are structurally unrelated to the carrie ...
... active center of the transporters, and from an antibiotic that diffuses too slowly into cells to be useful by itself as a drug. The FhuA–albomycin structure demonstrates that the water-filled cavities in transporters can tolerate rather large antibiotics that are structurally unrelated to the carrie ...
Amyloid deposits - Lindquist Lab
... amyloid deposits themselves, are the true toxic conformations5-8 (Fig. 1). These soluble prefibrillar oligomers share conformational characteristics independent of the proteins’ primary amino acid sequences and may share a common mechanism of toxicity.5 Indeed even proteins completely unrelated to d ...
... amyloid deposits themselves, are the true toxic conformations5-8 (Fig. 1). These soluble prefibrillar oligomers share conformational characteristics independent of the proteins’ primary amino acid sequences and may share a common mechanism of toxicity.5 Indeed even proteins completely unrelated to d ...
Enzymes I
... activities of enzymes are determined by their three-dimensional structure. However, although structure does determine function, predicting a novel enzyme's activity just from its structure is a very difficult problem that has not yet been solved. Most enzymes are much larger than the substrates they ...
... activities of enzymes are determined by their three-dimensional structure. However, although structure does determine function, predicting a novel enzyme's activity just from its structure is a very difficult problem that has not yet been solved. Most enzymes are much larger than the substrates they ...
COMBINATION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE AMINO ACID AND A
... invention further provides nutritional products for administration, including orally-administrable nutritional products. [0024] In a first aspect, the invention provides a nutritional product comprising at least one of: a branched chain amino acid (BCAA); pyruvate and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate or α ...
... invention further provides nutritional products for administration, including orally-administrable nutritional products. [0024] In a first aspect, the invention provides a nutritional product comprising at least one of: a branched chain amino acid (BCAA); pyruvate and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate or α ...
Molecules of Life
... Disaccharides are formed by DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS where small molecules bond to form ...
... Disaccharides are formed by DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS where small molecules bond to form ...
Comparative analysis of proteins with a mucus
... To create domains of a uniform size would require either merging of every second repeat of the Lb. plantarum mucusbinding protein with its neighbour or splitting the Lb. reuteri domain in two. However, our sequence analysis suggests that the mucus-binding building blocks of the mucusbinding proteins ...
... To create domains of a uniform size would require either merging of every second repeat of the Lb. plantarum mucusbinding protein with its neighbour or splitting the Lb. reuteri domain in two. However, our sequence analysis suggests that the mucus-binding building blocks of the mucusbinding proteins ...
The perichromatin region of the plant cell nucleus is the area with
... Allium cepa (Cui and Moreno Dı́az de la Espina 2003), but its role in the functioning of the splicing system has not been determined to date. The eukaryotic spliceosome contains SR proteins in addition to snRNAs. They are characterised by the presence of one or two RNA-binding domains of the RRM typ ...
... Allium cepa (Cui and Moreno Dı́az de la Espina 2003), but its role in the functioning of the splicing system has not been determined to date. The eukaryotic spliceosome contains SR proteins in addition to snRNAs. They are characterised by the presence of one or two RNA-binding domains of the RRM typ ...
Discrete molecular dynamics
... cooperativity and the characterization of protein transition states.20 The transition-state ensemble is structurally interesting because of the ability of a protein in this collection of conformation states to change rapidly from folded to unfolded forms. This property is the focus of many protein d ...
... cooperativity and the characterization of protein transition states.20 The transition-state ensemble is structurally interesting because of the ability of a protein in this collection of conformation states to change rapidly from folded to unfolded forms. This property is the focus of many protein d ...
Chapter 5 Notes (Biomolecules)
... • Identify/Recognize carbon skeletons & functional groups in organic molecules • Relate monomers to polymers • Describe the processes of building and breaking ...
... • Identify/Recognize carbon skeletons & functional groups in organic molecules • Relate monomers to polymers • Describe the processes of building and breaking ...
Pharmacophore screening of the Protein Data Bank for specific
... required residue types, but also the relative geometry. The number of unique sites selected using various radius (Qm/n) and direction (Qv) b-factors is shown in Fig. 3 (results from the individual pharmacophore queries were merged and redundant hits were clustered). Ultimately, the objective is not ...
... required residue types, but also the relative geometry. The number of unique sites selected using various radius (Qm/n) and direction (Qv) b-factors is shown in Fig. 3 (results from the individual pharmacophore queries were merged and redundant hits were clustered). Ultimately, the objective is not ...
Cellular Internalization of Fluorescent Proteins via Arginine
... of plant cells to serve as a screening barrier for transport of materials across the biomembranes. Only specific biomolecules and ions may pass through via specific transporters or protein channels. Therefore, highly basic and hydrophilic AID peptides should not pass through the membranes. In fact, ...
... of plant cells to serve as a screening barrier for transport of materials across the biomembranes. Only specific biomolecules and ions may pass through via specific transporters or protein channels. Therefore, highly basic and hydrophilic AID peptides should not pass through the membranes. In fact, ...
Identification of psbI and psbL gene products in cyanobacterial
... gene product. SDS gel electrophoresis of the cyanobacterial reaction center complex resolved three protein bands of 8, 5.4 and 5 kDa in addition to Dl, D2 and a partially remaining 47 kDa protein. N-terminal sequencing revealed that the 5 kDa band consisted of two components: one, having an open N-t ...
... gene product. SDS gel electrophoresis of the cyanobacterial reaction center complex resolved three protein bands of 8, 5.4 and 5 kDa in addition to Dl, D2 and a partially remaining 47 kDa protein. N-terminal sequencing revealed that the 5 kDa band consisted of two components: one, having an open N-t ...
Response of Jujube Fruits to Exogenous Oxalic Acid Treatment
... (1998) observed that OA treatment induced the activity of chitinase in cucumber leaves. In our previous studies, we reported that exogenous OA treatment could serve as an anti-browning agent for litchi fruit to prevent the pericarp from browning (Zheng and Tian 2006). Treatment with OA at 5 mM slowe ...
... (1998) observed that OA treatment induced the activity of chitinase in cucumber leaves. In our previous studies, we reported that exogenous OA treatment could serve as an anti-browning agent for litchi fruit to prevent the pericarp from browning (Zheng and Tian 2006). Treatment with OA at 5 mM slowe ...
Protein
Proteins (/ˈproʊˌtiːnz/ or /ˈproʊti.ɨnz/) are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity.A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than about 20-30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides, or sometimes oligopeptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine and—in certain archaea—pyrrolysine. Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by posttranslational modification, which alters the physical and chemical properties, folding, stability, activity, and ultimately, the function of the proteins. Sometimes proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable protein complexes.Once formed, proteins only exist for a certain period of time and are then degraded and recycled by the cell's machinery through the process of protein turnover. A protein's lifespan is measured in terms of its half-life and covers a wide range. They can exist for minutes or years with an average lifespan of 1–2 days in mammalian cells. Abnormal and or misfolded proteins are degraded more rapidly either due to being targeted for destruction or due to being unstable.Like other biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions and are vital to metabolism. Proteins also have structural or mechanical functions, such as actin and myosin in muscle and the proteins in the cytoskeleton, which form a system of scaffolding that maintains cell shape. Other proteins are important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle. Proteins are also necessary in animals' diets, since animals cannot synthesize all the amino acids they need and must obtain essential amino acids from food. Through the process of digestion, animals break down ingested protein into free amino acids that are then used in metabolism.Proteins may be purified from other cellular components using a variety of techniques such as ultracentrifugation, precipitation, electrophoresis, and chromatography; the advent of genetic engineering has made possible a number of methods to facilitate purification. Methods commonly used to study protein structure and function include immunohistochemistry, site-directed mutagenesis, X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.