Regulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis and
... Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body. Its mass is controlled through a delicate balance of signaling pathways that stimulate anabolism or hypertrophy of muscle cells through the protein translation machinery or control catabolism or atrophy by inducing protein breakdown. The ...
... Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body. Its mass is controlled through a delicate balance of signaling pathways that stimulate anabolism or hypertrophy of muscle cells through the protein translation machinery or control catabolism or atrophy by inducing protein breakdown. The ...
BCL-2 Family Proteins: Critical Checkpoints of Apoptotic
... 2) apoptotic protease : APAF-1, caspase-9, cythchrome c, mitochondrial electron transport chain 3) release during apoptosis ...
... 2) apoptotic protease : APAF-1, caspase-9, cythchrome c, mitochondrial electron transport chain 3) release during apoptosis ...
Analysis of Protein Phosphorylation Using Multiparametric Flow
... flow cytometry data can be analyzed using a Boolean gating approach when the phosphorylated forms of proteins studied are well-separated from their non-phosphorylated counterparts, which generates a protein phosphorylation “signature” that can facilitate subsequent data-mining and biomarker discover ...
... flow cytometry data can be analyzed using a Boolean gating approach when the phosphorylated forms of proteins studied are well-separated from their non-phosphorylated counterparts, which generates a protein phosphorylation “signature” that can facilitate subsequent data-mining and biomarker discover ...
Steroid and Thyroid Hormones
... c. For example, T3 has 300-800 % the biological activity of T4 d. Other forms have less than 1% of the activity. XIX. What Happens when these hormones arrive at their target cells? a. They all operate by basically the same mechanism. b. They bind to some receptor protein. c. A problem that occurs th ...
... c. For example, T3 has 300-800 % the biological activity of T4 d. Other forms have less than 1% of the activity. XIX. What Happens when these hormones arrive at their target cells? a. They all operate by basically the same mechanism. b. They bind to some receptor protein. c. A problem that occurs th ...
Molecular regulation of plant responses to low temperature in
... Arabidopsis. chs3-1 plants showed arrested growth and chlorosis when grown below 16°C. chs3-1 plants also exhibited constitutively activated defense responses at 16°C, which were alleviated at a higher temperature (22°C). Map-based cloning of CHS3 revealed that it encodes an unconventional disease r ...
... Arabidopsis. chs3-1 plants showed arrested growth and chlorosis when grown below 16°C. chs3-1 plants also exhibited constitutively activated defense responses at 16°C, which were alleviated at a higher temperature (22°C). Map-based cloning of CHS3 revealed that it encodes an unconventional disease r ...
2-14 oncogene and suppressive gene of cancer-xu liyan
... Oncogenes are dominant, because a change/mutation of only one of the cell’s two copies of that gene can lead to tumor formation. ...
... Oncogenes are dominant, because a change/mutation of only one of the cell’s two copies of that gene can lead to tumor formation. ...
Gene Section LTA (Lymphotoxin-A) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... The main cellular source of TNFb is the activated lymphocytes in immune response. ...
... The main cellular source of TNFb is the activated lymphocytes in immune response. ...
1984 BS, Seoul National University, Korea
... The N-end rule pathway is a proteolytic system in which destabilizing N-terminal residues of short-lived proteins function as a class of degradation signals (degrons), called N-degrons. Ndegrons are recognized by specific recognition components, such as ubiquitin ligases which mediate ubiquitination ...
... The N-end rule pathway is a proteolytic system in which destabilizing N-terminal residues of short-lived proteins function as a class of degradation signals (degrons), called N-degrons. Ndegrons are recognized by specific recognition components, such as ubiquitin ligases which mediate ubiquitination ...
Sacramento State Department of Biological Sciences Bio 2
... KEY CONCEPT 3: Single celled and multicellular organisms molecularly sense their extracellular environments. Multicellular organisms also use intercellular communications to coordinate the activities of their component cells. KEY CONCEPT 4: All cellular organisms must convert energy derived from the ...
... KEY CONCEPT 3: Single celled and multicellular organisms molecularly sense their extracellular environments. Multicellular organisms also use intercellular communications to coordinate the activities of their component cells. KEY CONCEPT 4: All cellular organisms must convert energy derived from the ...
study of apelin and its effects
... key region for the modulation of the ligand-receptor interaction,10 whereas the 12 residues of the C-terminal fragment are thought to be indispensable for the apelin binding to the receptor.17 Pre-proapelin is a high molecular weight peptide. It has a dimer form , disulfide stabilization linkages a ...
... key region for the modulation of the ligand-receptor interaction,10 whereas the 12 residues of the C-terminal fragment are thought to be indispensable for the apelin binding to the receptor.17 Pre-proapelin is a high molecular weight peptide. It has a dimer form , disulfide stabilization linkages a ...
control biological machines
... Transport: Hemoglobin, ion and amino acid transport proteins, nuclear receptors. ...
... Transport: Hemoglobin, ion and amino acid transport proteins, nuclear receptors. ...
MLAB 1315-Hematology Fall 2007 Keri Brophy
... Favism is found in the Mediterranean area Person eats or inhales fava bean or its pollen Hereditary ...
... Favism is found in the Mediterranean area Person eats or inhales fava bean or its pollen Hereditary ...
Glycoengineering For Therapeutic Proteins
... firstly isolated from Jack Beans in 1916 Used in chromatography for glycoprotein purification Used in preclinical trials as anti-neoplastic drug ...
... firstly isolated from Jack Beans in 1916 Used in chromatography for glycoprotein purification Used in preclinical trials as anti-neoplastic drug ...
3.B-C-D Expectations
... STATE that most signal molecules are water soluble and bind to receptors on the plasma membrane STATE that testosterone (a steroid) is a lipid soluble chemical messenger STATE chemical signaling is present all 5 kingdoms STATE that any deviation in the normal chemical signal pathway can alter the ce ...
... STATE that most signal molecules are water soluble and bind to receptors on the plasma membrane STATE that testosterone (a steroid) is a lipid soluble chemical messenger STATE chemical signaling is present all 5 kingdoms STATE that any deviation in the normal chemical signal pathway can alter the ce ...
Proteins*
... Two amino acids linked together are called dipeptides More than 2 linked together are called polypeptides polypeptides can be thousands of amino acids long ...
... Two amino acids linked together are called dipeptides More than 2 linked together are called polypeptides polypeptides can be thousands of amino acids long ...
LS1a Problem Set #2
... 1. (16 points) The Her2 receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase, similar to the EGF receptor, whose activation leads to cell growth and proliferation. In many breast cancers, Her2 receptor mutations have been isolated. a. (4 points) Ligand binding causes the Her2 receptor to dimerize. How does dimeri ...
... 1. (16 points) The Her2 receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase, similar to the EGF receptor, whose activation leads to cell growth and proliferation. In many breast cancers, Her2 receptor mutations have been isolated. a. (4 points) Ligand binding causes the Her2 receptor to dimerize. How does dimeri ...
- IMSA Digital Commons
... descendants from producing pharyngeal cells, while prevention of the first interaction will prevent ABp refraction of the MS and E signals, resulting in ectopic expression of pharyngeal characteristics.14 The first two Notch interactions, which occur at the 4- and 12-cell stage, produce different re ...
... descendants from producing pharyngeal cells, while prevention of the first interaction will prevent ABp refraction of the MS and E signals, resulting in ectopic expression of pharyngeal characteristics.14 The first two Notch interactions, which occur at the 4- and 12-cell stage, produce different re ...
Supplementary Methods
... protein ratios were normalized by dividing them by the median of all measured ratios. In the case of Cbl we used the median determined from the abundance ratios in the whole cell lysate to normalize both the ratios of the proteins in the IP and the whole cell lysate. As potential interaction partner ...
... protein ratios were normalized by dividing them by the median of all measured ratios. In the case of Cbl we used the median determined from the abundance ratios in the whole cell lysate to normalize both the ratios of the proteins in the IP and the whole cell lysate. As potential interaction partner ...
Biological membranes, cell compartments
... transport and cell signaling. • Inner part contains specific sites, binding components of ...
... transport and cell signaling. • Inner part contains specific sites, binding components of ...
Gene Section FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains 2)
... FHL2 belongs to the four-and-a-half-LIM-only protein family, which includes FHL1, FHL2, FHL3, FHL4 and FHL5 (ACT). Human FHL2 amino acid sequence is 48.2% identical with FHL1, 53.4% with FHL3, 48.4% with mouse FHL4, and 59.1% with FHL5. Orthologs of human FHL2 are found in macaque, mouse, rat, bovin ...
... FHL2 belongs to the four-and-a-half-LIM-only protein family, which includes FHL1, FHL2, FHL3, FHL4 and FHL5 (ACT). Human FHL2 amino acid sequence is 48.2% identical with FHL1, 53.4% with FHL3, 48.4% with mouse FHL4, and 59.1% with FHL5. Orthologs of human FHL2 are found in macaque, mouse, rat, bovin ...
E. coli
... pBT, and the interacting target gene to the Nterminus of the α subunit of RNA polymerase in pTRG . Reporter genes in an operon for histidine prototrophy and streptomycin resistance. ...
... pBT, and the interacting target gene to the Nterminus of the α subunit of RNA polymerase in pTRG . Reporter genes in an operon for histidine prototrophy and streptomycin resistance. ...
Lipid rafts
... Biologically active lipophilic substances that activate cannabinoid receptors Derivatives of arachidonic acid, which are generated from membrane phospholipids in response to stimuli Two best-characterized: ...
... Biologically active lipophilic substances that activate cannabinoid receptors Derivatives of arachidonic acid, which are generated from membrane phospholipids in response to stimuli Two best-characterized: ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.