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Lecture 25: The Outer Planets
Lecture 25: The Outer Planets

... •Discovered by William Herschel in 1781, who realized that this extended object was not a star •The first new planet discovered in 2000 years, and the first to lie beyond the “classical” planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn •It is barely bright enough to be seen without a telesco ...
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...  What makes day and night? Read “What Makes Day and Night by Franklyn Branley. Put students in small groups and allow them to draw their ideas about why we only see the sun during daylight hours. You may choose to let them make a myth or story, or try to come up with a scientific explanation. As a ...
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... Latitude sailing • Accurate longitude determination only came when chronometers were available • Before this, many voyages involved latitude sailing: sail along the coast until one reaches the latitude of the destination, then sail east or west along this latitude across the sea (checking position ...
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... thousand times that of all other bodies of the solar system combined. Its diameter is about 865,000 miles. Since it is a star, it generates its own energy through a thermonuclear reaction, thereby providing heat and light for the entire solar system. The distance from the Earth to the Sun varies fro ...
Sky-High 2015 - Irish Astronomical Society
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... Star maps You will need at least one star map. This could be a set of monthly charts such as are included in many books on astronomy. A Planisphere is very useful. They come in various sizes at equivalent cost. It allows you to show the constellations visible at any time of the night, any time in th ...
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... subscription rate, contact the treasurer (Carol Gore) for more information. http://everettastro.org/application.htm (When renewing your subscription to Sky & Telescope you should send your S&T renewal form along with a check made out to Everett Astronomical Society to the EAS address. The EAS treasu ...
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Geocentric model



In astronomy, the geocentric model (also known as geocentrism, or the Ptolemaic system) is a description of the cosmos where Earth is at the orbital center of all celestial bodies. This model served as the predominant cosmological system in many ancient civilizations such as ancient Greece including the noteworthy systems of Aristotle (see Aristotelian physics) and Ptolemy. As such, they believed that the Sun, Moon, stars, and naked eye planets circled Earth.Two commonly made observations supported the idea that Earth was the center of the Universe. The stars, the sun, and planets appear to revolve around Earth each day, making Earth the center of that system. The stars were thought to be on a celestial sphere, with the earth at its center, that rotated each day, using a line through the north and south pole as an axis. The stars closest to the equator appeared to rise and fall the greatest distance, but each star circled back to its rising point each day. The second observation supporting the geocentric model was that the Earth does not seem to move from the perspective of an Earth-bound observer, and that it is solid, stable, and unmoving.Ancient Roman and medieval philosophers usually combined the geocentric model with a spherical Earth. It is not the same as the older flat Earth model implied in some mythology, as was the case with the biblical and postbiblical Latin cosmology. The ancient Jewish Babylonian uranography pictured a flat Earth with a dome-shaped rigid canopy named firmament placed over it. (רקיע- rāqîa').However, the ancient Greeks believed that the motions of the planets were circular and not elliptical, a view that was not challenged in Western culture until the 17th century through the synthesis of theories by Copernicus and Kepler.The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model were used to prepare astrological and astronomical charts for over 1500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward was gradually superseded by the heliocentric model of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Christian theologians were reluctant to reject a theory that agreed with Bible passages (e.g. ""Sun, stand you still upon Gibeon"", Joshua 10:12 – King James 2000 Bible). Others felt a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.
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