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The Turbulent Birth of Stars and Planets - Max-Planck
The Turbulent Birth of Stars and Planets - Max-Planck

... be an orbiting body. It is located about a billion kilometers away from its central star, a distance comparable to that between Jupiter and the Sun. But these observations are at the limits of what is technically feasible for the astronomers. They were thus unable to determine beyond all doubt exact ...
Activity 12: Solar System
Activity 12: Solar System

... composed of mostly rock and iron. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune make up the outer planets, which are much larger and consist mainly of hydrogen, helium and ice. Because Pluto is the farthest planet from Earth, astronomers know very little about it. Some believe it should not even be considere ...
The Solar System Solar System Today (Not to Scale) Inner Planets
The Solar System Solar System Today (Not to Scale) Inner Planets

... other stuff •  Earth is very different! •  Jupiter & Saturn are more similar… ...
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... ground, no matter how large or scientifically advanced those telescopes are. This "atmospheric distortion" is the reason that the stars seem to twinkle when you look up at the sky. The atmosphere also partially blocks or absorbs certain wavelengths of radiation, like ultraviolet, gamma- and Xrays, b ...
Our Place in the Universe
Our Place in the Universe

... We should probably be able to tell how far away something is based upon a known geometry. 1,000 kilometers 1,000,000 kilometers 1,000,000,000 kilometers This would be inconvenient, so we will be using scientific notation in many cases. Just move the decimal point to the right (or left) to make the n ...
The Solar System Information Pack
The Solar System Information Pack

... reach out and touch them. It can be used not only as a teaching aid about the Space Station, but also to inspire young learners imaginations, give them a love of science and to stimulate their curiosity to want to find out more about our Solar System. Session: ‘Space and Planets’ The aim of this ses ...
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Objects In Space -- research questions
Objects In Space -- research questions

... 5. Can we see them from Earth? If so, what do they look like? ...
William Paterson University Department of Physics General
William Paterson University Department of Physics General

... Every student at William Paterson has a student university e-mail address. Your university email address is attached to Blackboard, and that is the one that will be used to contact you about assignments and other matters related to the course. You should check it daily. AOL users: if you have AOL, y ...
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... Planet – A celestial object, larger than asteroids or comets that revolve around a star without giving off its own light. Background source: 1Wyrmshadow1 website ...
Very Low Mass Stars as Optimum Sites of Habitable Planets
Very Low Mass Stars as Optimum Sites of Habitable Planets

... SNe and UV from novae qualify. Very uncertain! • Cosmic rays from supernovae could be most likely event for disruption of atmospheric chemistry (and development of radiation resistance in longer-lived organisms), because scattering off interstellar magnetic field fluctuations results in large spread ...
Teachers Notes - Edinburgh International Science Festival
Teachers Notes - Edinburgh International Science Festival

... same direction (anti-clockwise) around the sun. Every planet is individual, each being composed of different materials and orbiting at a different distance from the sun. The planets also spin on their own axes, and it is this spinning which gives us day and night, seasons as well as making the stars ...
Planets and Stars Differences and Similarities
Planets and Stars Differences and Similarities

... Planets the Solar System’s Best Friend In our Solar System there are 8 planets Mercury. Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. Theses planets in some ways are very similar to the stars but in other way they might be more different then you might think. In our solar system we have planets ...
apparent magnitude
apparent magnitude

... A Combination of Systems Our solar system, includes the sun, the planets, and many smaller objects. In some cases, these bodies may be organized into smaller systems of their own. For example, the Saturn system is made of the planet Saturn and the several moons that orbit Saturn. In this way, our s ...
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... Formation of OUR Solar System? • Looks like a supernova explosion nearby may have done the job… Probably a type II high-mass star supernova, from the relative abundances of elements in meteorites. • Blast wave compresses interstellar cloud, and the debris of that explosion is contained in the first ...
Scale and Structure of the Universe
Scale and Structure of the Universe

... •Which one contains our solar system? •How big is our galaxy? •What is a supercluster? •Which one contains our galaxy? •How big is our supercluster? •What is a filament structure? •How big is the known universe? ...
Worksheet Task 2 - www .alexandria .k12 .mn .us
Worksheet Task 2 - www .alexandria .k12 .mn .us

... in 2009. So far it has discovered five new Earth-sized planets beyond our solar system. These planets are hotter than the Earth’s sun – much too hot for life as we know it. The Kepler team predict that they will need at least three years (and possibly longer) to find an Earth-like planet. The simple ...
Quiz 2 material 104
Quiz 2 material 104

... 2.3 Stars and Planets (page 31): Nuclear fusion creates stars. Stars can be various sizes and go through various stages. Our Sun is an ordinary star (see Hertsprung-Russell figure 2.9 and note where the Sun plots on the diagram) powered by hydrogen fusion. The lifecycle of our Sun is described in th ...
Cosmic context: stars and formation of heavy elements
Cosmic context: stars and formation of heavy elements

... • finally explode as supernovae, leaving behind a neutron star or black hole Explosion ejects products of stellar fusion back into the gas of the Galaxy - forms the raw material for new generations of stars “galactic recycling”. ...
Carter K 1 - Mrs. Anthony`s English 2
Carter K 1 - Mrs. Anthony`s English 2

... found it, TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetsImals Small Telescope. This telescope is able to see the type of planet, features, perspective, shape, size, and distance from its host star. After all of this was taken into consideration for all three planets, it was concluded that all three of these planets ...
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Chapter 2

... The outer region of the disk cooled rapidly, with the result that some rock and frozen volatile elements condensed as tiny particles ...
Study Island
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... It is much smaller than most other stars. It is much larger than all other stars. It is an average-sized star. It is a very large star but not the largest. ...
Intelligent life in the Universe
Intelligent life in the Universe

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...  Jupiter has the shortest day of all the planets. It turns on its axis once every 9 hours and 55 minutes.  Jupiter orbits the Sun once every 11.8 Earth years.  Jupiter’s interior is made of rock, metal, and hydrogen ...
Chapter 11 Review
Chapter 11 Review

... Why are the distances between bodies in the solar system not measured in light-years? Why is it best to use a long baseline when determining distances using triangulation? Explain why parallax is not a good technique for determining distances of stars that are extremely far away (that is, greater th ...
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Panspermia



Panspermia (from Greek πᾶν (pan), meaning ""all"", and σπέρμα (sperma), meaning ""seed"") is the hypothesis that life exists throughout the Universe, distributed by meteoroids, asteroids, comets, planetoids and, also, by spacecraft in the form of unintended contamination by microorganisms.Panspermia is a hypothesis proposing that microscopic life forms that can survive the effects of space, such as extremophiles, become trapped in debris that is ejected into space after collisions between planets and small Solar System bodies that harbor life. Some organisms may travel dormant for an extended amount of time before colliding randomly with other planets or intermingling with protoplanetary disks. If met with ideal conditions on a new planet's surfaces, the organisms become active and the process of evolution begins. Panspermia is not meant to address how life began, just the method that may cause its distribution in the Universe.Pseudo-panspermia (sometimes called ""soft panspermia"" or ""molecular panspermia"") argues that the pre-biotic organic building blocks of life originated in space and were incorporated in the solar nebula from which the planets condensed and were further —and continuously— distributed to planetary surfaces where life then emerged (abiogenesis). From the early 1970s it was becoming evident that interstellar dust consisted of a large component of organic molecules. Interstellar molecules are formed by chemical reactions within very sparse interstellar or circumstellar clouds of dust and gas. The dust plays a critical role of shielding the molecules from the ionizing effect of ultraviolet radiation emitted by stars.Several simulations in laboratories and in low Earth orbit suggest that ejection, entry and impact is survivable for some simple organisms.
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