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Evolutionary concepts
Evolutionary concepts

... at either end of the curve, stabilizing selection takes place. • This situation keeps the center of the curve at its current position, but it narrows the overall graph This situation keeps the center of the curve at its current position, but it narrows the overall graph ...
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 9: Properties of
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 9: Properties of

Populations
Populations

... absence of predation and disease (ideal conditions), a population will grow exponentially If this growth pattern continued for several days without slowing down bacteria would cover the planet! ...
Which is r-strategy?
Which is r-strategy?

... 1. When N (population) is small, (K-N)/K ~ K/K ~ 1 so exponential growth at small pop. size. 2. Both K and r have an effect. Intermediate growth. 3. When N is large, K-N ~ 0 so the population doesn’t change in size ...
N - 國立台南大學
N - 國立台南大學

Exotic species
Exotic species

LIFE HISTORY AND HARVESTING - University of Illinois at Chicago
LIFE HISTORY AND HARVESTING - University of Illinois at Chicago

... • Age specific mortality and natality data can be used to make management decisions in harvesting or conserving wildlife populations. • Assume that a population of interest is growing at too high a rate, what are the consequences of harvesting old versus young individuals on changing the rate of pop ...
ch08_sec1
ch08_sec1

... organisms, such as bacteria and insects, have short generation times and can reproduce when they are only a few hours or a few days old.  As a result, their populations can grow quickly.  In contrast, large organisms, such as elephants and humans, become sexually mature after a number of years and ...
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ThemeGallery PowerTemplate

... The Lotka–Volterra model supports the idea that competitive exclusion is likely when competing species require very ...
Foraging Ecology
Foraging Ecology

... 1) Describe the three key components of the predation process and how they affect the functional response of a predator. Predation involves the following general components: search, attack, and handling time. The functional response is the function that describes the relationship between a predator’ ...
Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q
Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q

... When there is nowhere for a particular species to move, they are forced to live closer together with the same species. This allows a major epidemic to spread through the population causing --- ...
Exponential Growth
Exponential Growth

國立臺南大學 生態科學與技術學系 生態學期末考題 (A 卷)
國立臺南大學 生態科學與技術學系 生態學期末考題 (A 卷)

... (A) a sudden increase in the numbers of urchins (B) killer whales having switched their predation patterns to include more otters. (C) an outbreak of garp (D) an infection by hantavirus (E) None of the above. 39. The population density of ground crickets in Old mill farm is about 15 per square meter ...
Interspecies competition, habitat, and ecosystem services
Interspecies competition, habitat, and ecosystem services

... Even the species that is a keystone in its niche might change from time to time, depending on changes in the larger realm of weather or climate, for example. And ecosystems appear to relax slowly from their original states when species composition changes.(284) Diversity of species in small areas ma ...
IB Biology - Field Studies Council
IB Biology - Field Studies Council

... Option G: Ecology and Conservation G.1 Community ecology G.1.1 Outline the factors that effect the distribution of plant species, including temperature, water, light, soil pH, salinity and mineral nutrients G.1.2 Explain the factors that effect the distribution of animal species, including temperatu ...
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fish species ecology in spanish freshwater ecosystems

... necessary Sor their growth, base metabolism, and reproduction. They move in function of the spatial concentration of the trophic resources. If the resource is abundant and uniformly distributed, there is no need Sor a large home range. In contrast, if the resource is scarce or very concentrated, the ...
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MULTIPLE CHOICE

... b. A single large reserve is always better than several smaller reserves with the same total area. c. Disease can be a problem in reserves that contain connection bridges between them. d. Edges frequently have their own biological communities. e. The increase of edge-adapted species can have a posit ...
Ch54_Lecture Populations wiki
Ch54_Lecture Populations wiki

... our willingness to cause extinction of other species to accommodate our increasing use of Earth’s resources. ...
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population growth curve

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Human population 5.2
Human population 5.2

... year, have raised cod death rates so high that birthrates cannot keep up. As a result, cod populations have been dropping. ◦ These populations can recover if we scale back fishing to lower the death rate sufficiently. ◦ Biologists are studying birthrates and the age structure of the cod population t ...
Essential Biology G1: Community Ecology Outline six factors that
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... 15. How could the quadrat method be used to compare the population sizes of two plant species in one area? ...
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5.1 Communities and ecosystems 5.1.1 Define species, habitat
5.1 Communities and ecosystems 5.1.1 Define species, habitat

... o Sea levels expected to rise 18-59 cm this coming century o Severe weather events (heat waves, drought, heavy rains) will increase Ethical theory that believes action should be taken to prevent future harm to environment If people wish to engage in activity that may cause damage, must first prove i ...
Community Ecology
Community Ecology

... Masting: producing more offspring than an animal can consume Chemical defense that can include Taste ...
f215 variation and population genetics student version
f215 variation and population genetics student version

... • Evolution is not always a direct result of natural selection, sometimes it happens purely by chance! • It usually happens in smaller populations, with few selection pressures. Particularly in island populations. • If one or two individuals have a better success at breeding then their alleles will ...
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Storage effect

The storage effect is a coexistence mechanism proposed in the ecological theory of species coexistence, which tries to explain how such a wide variety of similar species are able to coexist within the same ecological community or guild. The storage effect was originally proposed in the 1980s to explain coexistence in diverse communities of coral reef fish, however it has since been generalized to cover a variety of ecological communities. The theory proposes one way for multiple species to coexist: in a changing environment, no species can be the best under all conditions. Instead, each species must have a unique response to varying environmental conditions, and a way of buffering against the effects of bad years. The storage effect gets its name because each population ""stores"" the gains in good years or microhabitats (patches) to help it survive population losses in bad years or patches. One strength of this theory is that, unlike most coexistence mechanisms, the storage effect can be measured and quantified, with units of per-capita growth rate (offspring per adult per generation).The storage effect can be caused by both temporal and spatial variation. The temporal storage effect (often referred to as simply ""the storage effect"") occurs when species benefit from changes in year-to-year environmental patterns, while the spatial storage effect occurs when species benefit from variation in microhabitats across a landscape.
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