AP Exam 5 Study Guide
... Step 1 Initiation- RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence. Promoter is a starting point, tells which strand to read, and the direction in which it is read. DNA is always read from 3’ to 5’. Step 2 Elongation- RNA polymerase unwinds DNA ~20 base pairs at a time. There is no proofreading going on ...
... Step 1 Initiation- RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence. Promoter is a starting point, tells which strand to read, and the direction in which it is read. DNA is always read from 3’ to 5’. Step 2 Elongation- RNA polymerase unwinds DNA ~20 base pairs at a time. There is no proofreading going on ...
Changes in DNA
... produced by the gene that is mutated. 1. Silent mutations (synonymous mutations). Since the genetic code is degenerate, several codons produce the same amino acid. Especially, third base changes often have no effect on the amino acid sequence of the protein. These mutations affect the DNA but not th ...
... produced by the gene that is mutated. 1. Silent mutations (synonymous mutations). Since the genetic code is degenerate, several codons produce the same amino acid. Especially, third base changes often have no effect on the amino acid sequence of the protein. These mutations affect the DNA but not th ...
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
... chromosomal complement of 46 chromosomes plus one extra chromosome #21. While there is impaired fertility of both sexes, females are more likely to be fertile than males. Assume that children are born to a female with Down syndrome and a normal 46chromosome male. What proportion of the offspring wou ...
... chromosomal complement of 46 chromosomes plus one extra chromosome #21. While there is impaired fertility of both sexes, females are more likely to be fertile than males. Assume that children are born to a female with Down syndrome and a normal 46chromosome male. What proportion of the offspring wou ...
Overview of Current Research
... Genotoxic stress responses now being used in research, particularly transcriptional stress responses. p53 transcriptional response is a common stress response measurement. p53, also known as protein 53 (TP53), is a transcription factor that regulates the cell cycle and hence functions as a tumor sup ...
... Genotoxic stress responses now being used in research, particularly transcriptional stress responses. p53 transcriptional response is a common stress response measurement. p53, also known as protein 53 (TP53), is a transcription factor that regulates the cell cycle and hence functions as a tumor sup ...
Biology B Final Review ANSWERS
... What is the phenotype of the offspring in box with an “X”? ___________Brown eyes____________ What is the genotype of the offspring in the box with an “X”? __________BB___________ What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring of the above cross? _________1:2:1_______________ ...
... What is the phenotype of the offspring in box with an “X”? ___________Brown eyes____________ What is the genotype of the offspring in the box with an “X”? __________BB___________ What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring of the above cross? _________1:2:1_______________ ...
poster in ppt
... method: the best result is assumed to be achieved when a given convergence of the same solution exist in the population. It is widely accepted as mathematical proof that the genetic algorithm, due to its fitness-proportionate reproduction, converges to better solutions. ...
... method: the best result is assumed to be achieved when a given convergence of the same solution exist in the population. It is widely accepted as mathematical proof that the genetic algorithm, due to its fitness-proportionate reproduction, converges to better solutions. ...
DNA Technology Power Point
... experiments a plasmid is isolated from a bacterium. Using restriction enzymes the plasmid is then cut and a DONOR GENE (specific gene isolated from another organism is spliced into it) Then the plasmid is returned to the bacterium, where it is replicated as the bacterium divides, making copies of th ...
... experiments a plasmid is isolated from a bacterium. Using restriction enzymes the plasmid is then cut and a DONOR GENE (specific gene isolated from another organism is spliced into it) Then the plasmid is returned to the bacterium, where it is replicated as the bacterium divides, making copies of th ...
point mutation
... A- Phosphate group B- 5 Carbon Sugar (Pentose Sugar, specifically deoxyribose) C- Nitrogenous Base (this one happens to be adenine) Together they are known as a NUCLEOTIDE. ...
... A- Phosphate group B- 5 Carbon Sugar (Pentose Sugar, specifically deoxyribose) C- Nitrogenous Base (this one happens to be adenine) Together they are known as a NUCLEOTIDE. ...
Chapter 13 Power Point Slides
... 13.2 Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process Recombinant DNA technology and the cloning of DNA molecules has revolutionized laboratory research, heath care, and the food we eat. Recombinant DNA technology: a series of techniques in which DNA fragments are linked to self-replicating vectors to crea ...
... 13.2 Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process Recombinant DNA technology and the cloning of DNA molecules has revolutionized laboratory research, heath care, and the food we eat. Recombinant DNA technology: a series of techniques in which DNA fragments are linked to self-replicating vectors to crea ...
Unit Plan Template - Gates County Schools
... -discuss how cells that contain the exact same DNA carry out a variety of functions -learn how the knowledge gained from the Human Genome Project has benefitted mankind -understand the stages in the cell cycle and how the processes of mitosis and meiosis are alike and different. -know the definition ...
... -discuss how cells that contain the exact same DNA carry out a variety of functions -learn how the knowledge gained from the Human Genome Project has benefitted mankind -understand the stages in the cell cycle and how the processes of mitosis and meiosis are alike and different. -know the definition ...
point mutation
... A- Phosphate group B- 5 Carbon Sugar (Pentose Sugar, specifically deoxyribose) C- Nitrogenous Base (this one happens to be adenine) Together they are known as a NUCLEOTIDE. ...
... A- Phosphate group B- 5 Carbon Sugar (Pentose Sugar, specifically deoxyribose) C- Nitrogenous Base (this one happens to be adenine) Together they are known as a NUCLEOTIDE. ...
III./10.1. Classification of muscle diseases
... III./10.1. Classification of muscle diseases In this chapter on muscle diseases, focus is on the clinically most important disorders. A detailed description of muscle diseases and rare muscle disorders are found in recommended websites and references. Muscle disorders are grouped according to the fo ...
... III./10.1. Classification of muscle diseases In this chapter on muscle diseases, focus is on the clinically most important disorders. A detailed description of muscle diseases and rare muscle disorders are found in recommended websites and references. Muscle disorders are grouped according to the fo ...
Lecture 2: Biology Review II
... genes and markers in a linear arrangement corresponding to their physical order along the chromosome. Based on linkage. Definition: A physical map is an ordering of landmarks on DNA, regardless of inheritance. Measured in base pairs. ...
... genes and markers in a linear arrangement corresponding to their physical order along the chromosome. Based on linkage. Definition: A physical map is an ordering of landmarks on DNA, regardless of inheritance. Measured in base pairs. ...
Chapter 14 Study Workbook
... Karyotypes A genome is the full set of all the genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA. Chromosomes are bundles of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. A karyotype is a picture that shows the complete diploid set of human chromosomes, grouped in pairs and arrang ...
... Karyotypes A genome is the full set of all the genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA. Chromosomes are bundles of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. A karyotype is a picture that shows the complete diploid set of human chromosomes, grouped in pairs and arrang ...
Ch 13 student notes
... from one organism could work in a different organism. 2. Some scientists isolated the gene from fireflies and inserted it into a plant gene. The plants glowed in the dark. 3. This showed that both plants and animals use the same process to translate DNA into proteins. 4. The glowing plant is transge ...
... from one organism could work in a different organism. 2. Some scientists isolated the gene from fireflies and inserted it into a plant gene. The plants glowed in the dark. 3. This showed that both plants and animals use the same process to translate DNA into proteins. 4. The glowing plant is transge ...
Topic 12 DNA Technology
... • Viruses can act as a vector for CF patients • The virus is introduced to the lung cells with a ...
... • Viruses can act as a vector for CF patients • The virus is introduced to the lung cells with a ...
Powerpoint
... They are not subject to natural selection Short repeated segments that are not protein encoding, distributed all over the genome ...
... They are not subject to natural selection Short repeated segments that are not protein encoding, distributed all over the genome ...
Using DNA to Classify Life
... 1. How is DNA used to classify life? 2. How is DNA used to show probable evolutionary relationships? (MCA-II science standard) INTRODUCTION Until the mid-1970s, taxonomists usually classified life by morphology (shape). For example, a biologist might compare the structure of forelimbs of mammals. In ...
... 1. How is DNA used to classify life? 2. How is DNA used to show probable evolutionary relationships? (MCA-II science standard) INTRODUCTION Until the mid-1970s, taxonomists usually classified life by morphology (shape). For example, a biologist might compare the structure of forelimbs of mammals. In ...
Bio 93 2013 Final: 1. Which option best describes transformation in
... C) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. D) Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun. E) RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule. 13. The coding region of an mRNA molecule is 900 bases long, yet only codes for a protein of 300 amino acids. Why is this? A) many nonco ...
... C) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. D) Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun. E) RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule. 13. The coding region of an mRNA molecule is 900 bases long, yet only codes for a protein of 300 amino acids. Why is this? A) many nonco ...
Ch 13 Jeopardy
... criminals leave DNA samples behind them when they touch objects at a crime scene. b. DNA analysis is believed to allow investigators to distinguish body cells of different individuals, who are unlikely to have the same DNA. ...
... criminals leave DNA samples behind them when they touch objects at a crime scene. b. DNA analysis is believed to allow investigators to distinguish body cells of different individuals, who are unlikely to have the same DNA. ...
Course: Biology I Honors Course Code: 2000320 Quarter 2
... Dragon Genetics: Students will work in pairs in the lab to produce a dragon from the random mixing of genetic traits. Can be done with any organism and a pre-set of genes for students to combine. Can also be done as a “baby making” project if teachers choose to have students acquire their own genoty ...
... Dragon Genetics: Students will work in pairs in the lab to produce a dragon from the random mixing of genetic traits. Can be done with any organism and a pre-set of genes for students to combine. Can also be done as a “baby making” project if teachers choose to have students acquire their own genoty ...
DNA: The molecular basis of mutations
... Little mutations with big effects: Mutations to control genes Mutations are often the victims of bad press — unfairly stereotyped as unimportant or as a cause of genetic disease. While many mutations do indeed have small or negative effects, another sort of mutation gets less airtime. Mutations to c ...
... Little mutations with big effects: Mutations to control genes Mutations are often the victims of bad press — unfairly stereotyped as unimportant or as a cause of genetic disease. While many mutations do indeed have small or negative effects, another sort of mutation gets less airtime. Mutations to c ...
DNA Powerpoint Notes
... Cells can contain ________ feet of DNA. If all the DNA in your body was put end to end, it would reach to the sun and back over ________ times. DNA in all humans is ________ % identical. It is about one tenth of one percent that makes us all unique, or about 3 million nucleotides difference. DNA can ...
... Cells can contain ________ feet of DNA. If all the DNA in your body was put end to end, it would reach to the sun and back over ________ times. DNA in all humans is ________ % identical. It is about one tenth of one percent that makes us all unique, or about 3 million nucleotides difference. DNA can ...
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants, in the chloroplast.In humans, mitochondrial DNA can be assessed as the smallest chromosome coding for 37 genes and containing approximately 16,600 base pairs. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. In most species, including humans, mtDNA is inherited solely from the mother.The DNA sequence of mtDNA has been determined from a large number of organisms and individuals (including some organisms that are extinct), and the comparison of those DNA sequences represents a mainstay of phylogenetics, in that it allows biologists to elucidate the evolutionary relationships among species. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and field biology.