SI Session 09/19/2014 Note: Know how to do molarity questions
... 2. Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will be found in the pellet when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge? A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts ...
... 2. Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will be found in the pellet when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge? A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts ...
Protein Synthesis Bead Activity
... __________________________________ and it occurs in the ______________________ of cells. mRNA leaves the nucleus to find a _______________. Next, we start the second part of protein synthesis called _____________________________ and it happens in the _____________________ of cells. During this proce ...
... __________________________________ and it occurs in the ______________________ of cells. mRNA leaves the nucleus to find a _______________. Next, we start the second part of protein synthesis called _____________________________ and it happens in the _____________________ of cells. During this proce ...
Show DNA to Protein HC
... – Insertions and Deletions -additions or losses of one or more nucleotides • Frameshift mutation - occurs when number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not 3 or a multiple of 3 • Mutation rate is ~1 nucleotide altered in every 1010 ...
... – Insertions and Deletions -additions or losses of one or more nucleotides • Frameshift mutation - occurs when number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not 3 or a multiple of 3 • Mutation rate is ~1 nucleotide altered in every 1010 ...
Organelles Day 3
... purpose that allows the cell to function. To be inducted into the biology club, you need to know all the organelles. ...
... purpose that allows the cell to function. To be inducted into the biology club, you need to know all the organelles. ...
Macromolecules
... another location outside the nucleus The result is a messenger RNA that provides instructions straight from the DNA on how to ‘make’ hemoglobin Other proteins ‘translate’ the mRNA instructions into another form – an actual 3D protein ...
... another location outside the nucleus The result is a messenger RNA that provides instructions straight from the DNA on how to ‘make’ hemoglobin Other proteins ‘translate’ the mRNA instructions into another form – an actual 3D protein ...
Week 3
... of life. In RNA, Thymine doesn’t exist but is replaced by Uracil which is very similar in structure and also complements Adenine.*we discussed that copying DNA and making and RNA molecule from a DNA strand is called “transcription” (i.e. copying) whereas the process by which RNA is used to form prot ...
... of life. In RNA, Thymine doesn’t exist but is replaced by Uracil which is very similar in structure and also complements Adenine.*we discussed that copying DNA and making and RNA molecule from a DNA strand is called “transcription” (i.e. copying) whereas the process by which RNA is used to form prot ...
File
... Carries amino acids to ribosome Contains an “anticodon” of nitrogen bases Anticodons use complementary bond with codons Less tRNA’s than codons, so one tRNA may bind with more than one codon. • Supports the degenerate code • “Wobble” hypothesis: anticodon with U in third position can bind to A or G ...
... Carries amino acids to ribosome Contains an “anticodon” of nitrogen bases Anticodons use complementary bond with codons Less tRNA’s than codons, so one tRNA may bind with more than one codon. • Supports the degenerate code • “Wobble” hypothesis: anticodon with U in third position can bind to A or G ...
7 Structural components of eucaryote cells
... Make tracks along which transport proteins drag various organelles, such as secretory granules or mitochondria They form the spindle which aligns the chromosomes during mitosis They are constantly being dynamically rearranged; gamma-tubulin is involved in this process DRUGS TARGET MICROTUBULES: COLC ...
... Make tracks along which transport proteins drag various organelles, such as secretory granules or mitochondria They form the spindle which aligns the chromosomes during mitosis They are constantly being dynamically rearranged; gamma-tubulin is involved in this process DRUGS TARGET MICROTUBULES: COLC ...
DNA, RNA and Protein
... B. Formyl-methionine tRNA binds to mRNA a. IF-2 +GTP + f-met-tRNA join b. f-met-tRNA binds to the first codon c. IF-1 joins to small subunit d. IFs dissociate, GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP C. Large Ribosomal Subunit binds to mRNA ...
... B. Formyl-methionine tRNA binds to mRNA a. IF-2 +GTP + f-met-tRNA join b. f-met-tRNA binds to the first codon c. IF-1 joins to small subunit d. IFs dissociate, GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP C. Large Ribosomal Subunit binds to mRNA ...
1. ELONGATION
... are all performed by specific proteins that bind to the RNA. Until it reaches its final, mature form, the primary transcript is sometimes called pre-mRNA. First, during transcription, a cap consisting of a 7-methylguanosine residue is added to the 5’ end of the transcript, linked by a triphosphate b ...
... are all performed by specific proteins that bind to the RNA. Until it reaches its final, mature form, the primary transcript is sometimes called pre-mRNA. First, during transcription, a cap consisting of a 7-methylguanosine residue is added to the 5’ end of the transcript, linked by a triphosphate b ...
The test will be a mixture of MCQs related to basic cell biology
... 4. Lysosomes are spherical or oval vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus. They are membranebound organelles of varying sizes containing hydrolase enzymes capable of digesting most biological molecules. What is the function of lysosomes? a) They manufacture membrane phospholipids and make cholest ...
... 4. Lysosomes are spherical or oval vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus. They are membranebound organelles of varying sizes containing hydrolase enzymes capable of digesting most biological molecules. What is the function of lysosomes? a) They manufacture membrane phospholipids and make cholest ...
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... Contains an organelle called the nucleolus which makes ribosomes. ...
... Contains an organelle called the nucleolus which makes ribosomes. ...
MAKING RNA AND PROTEIN
... Before making proteins, Your cell must first make RNA • Question: • How does RNA (ribonucleic acid) differ from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)? ...
... Before making proteins, Your cell must first make RNA • Question: • How does RNA (ribonucleic acid) differ from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)? ...
02 Chemistry b - Crestwood Local Schools
... Most are globular proteins that act as biological catalysts Holoenzymes consist of an apoenzyme (protein) and a cofactor (usually an ion) Enzymes are chemically specific ...
... Most are globular proteins that act as biological catalysts Holoenzymes consist of an apoenzyme (protein) and a cofactor (usually an ion) Enzymes are chemically specific ...
Protein Synthesis
... transfer RNA - tRNA ribosomal RNA - rRNA 3. What is the purpose of transcription? How does it differ from DNA replication? The purpose of transcription is to re-write a portion of DNA, a gene, Transcription constructs an mRNA molecule through complimentary base pairing a portion of DNA. DNA replicat ...
... transfer RNA - tRNA ribosomal RNA - rRNA 3. What is the purpose of transcription? How does it differ from DNA replication? The purpose of transcription is to re-write a portion of DNA, a gene, Transcription constructs an mRNA molecule through complimentary base pairing a portion of DNA. DNA replicat ...
Review Questions
... One of these code words, several are know as “signal codons”. The “start codon” begins all the sequences that code for amino acid chains. The start codon also codes for the amino acid methionine (MET). Three of these signal codons act as “stop codons” that tell the translating machinery that the mes ...
... One of these code words, several are know as “signal codons”. The “start codon” begins all the sequences that code for amino acid chains. The start codon also codes for the amino acid methionine (MET). Three of these signal codons act as “stop codons” that tell the translating machinery that the mes ...
Lecture 5
... • Codons are 3 base mRNA segments that specify a certain amino acid. • Most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon. • Translation ends when ribosome reached “stop codon” on mRNA. ...
... • Codons are 3 base mRNA segments that specify a certain amino acid. • Most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon. • Translation ends when ribosome reached “stop codon” on mRNA. ...
Chapter 17
... bonded together. 7) The ribosome translocates (moves) the tRNA in the A site (containing the polypeptide chain) to the 8)The ribosome shifts the P site. The P site tRNA mRNA through, one codon moves to the E site and ...
... bonded together. 7) The ribosome translocates (moves) the tRNA in the A site (containing the polypeptide chain) to the 8)The ribosome shifts the P site. The P site tRNA mRNA through, one codon moves to the E site and ...
Slide 1
... The direction of the rotation results in the direction of the cell (North, south…) and this is related to CheY-P which are chemotactic proteins and binds FliM. ...
... The direction of the rotation results in the direction of the cell (North, south…) and this is related to CheY-P which are chemotactic proteins and binds FliM. ...
c - Holterman
... • The AUG start codon is recognized by methionyl-tRNA or Met • Once the start codon has been identified, the ribosome incorporates amino acids into a polypeptide chain • RNA is decoded by tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules, which each transport specific amino acids to the growing chain ...
... • The AUG start codon is recognized by methionyl-tRNA or Met • Once the start codon has been identified, the ribosome incorporates amino acids into a polypeptide chain • RNA is decoded by tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules, which each transport specific amino acids to the growing chain ...
DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis
... blocks) and put them in order in the newly made protein. • Once the ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA – it jumps off and releases the newly made protein. The protein can now go and do some work in the cell. ...
... blocks) and put them in order in the newly made protein. • Once the ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA – it jumps off and releases the newly made protein. The protein can now go and do some work in the cell. ...
No Slide Title
... Polysaccharides held together by weak bonds are used for energy storage (e.g., starch), whereas those held together by strong bonds are used or ...
... Polysaccharides held together by weak bonds are used for energy storage (e.g., starch), whereas those held together by strong bonds are used or ...
Ribosome
The ribosome (/ˈraɪbɵˌzoʊm/) is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small ribosomal subunit, which reads the RNA, and the large subunit, which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus.The sequence of DNA encoding for a protein may be copied many times into RNA chains of a similar sequence. Ribosomes can bind to an RNA chain and use it as a template for determining the correct sequence of amino acids in a particular protein. Amino acids are selected, collected and carried to the ribosome by transfer RNA (tRNA molecules), which enter one part of the ribosome and bind to the messenger RNA chain. The attached amino acids are then linked together by another part of the ribosome. Once the protein is produced, it can then fold to produce a specific functional three-dimensional structure.A ribosome is made from complexes of RNAs and proteins and is therefore a ribonucleoprotein. Each ribosome is divided into two subunits: 1. a smaller subunit which binds to a larger subunit and the mRNA pattern, and 2. a larger subunit which binds to the tRNA, the amino acids, and the smaller subunit. When a ribosome finishes reading an mRNA molecule, these two subunits split apart. Ribosomes are ribozymes, because the catalytic peptidyl transferase activity that links amino acids together is performed by the ribosomal RNA. Ribosomes are often embedded in the intercellular membranes that make up the rough endoplasmic reticulum.Ribosomes from bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes (the three domains of life on Earth) differ in their size, sequence, structure, and the ratio of protein to RNA. The differences in structure allow some antibiotics to kill bacteria by inhibiting their ribosomes, while leaving human ribosomes unaffected. In bacteria and archaea, more than one ribosome may move along a single mRNA chain at one time, each ""reading"" its sequence and producing a corresponding protein molecule. The ribosomes in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells functionally resemble many features of those in bacteria, reflecting the likely evolutionary origin of mitochondria.