consumers---practioners---cdc-vital-signs_4_1015400708
... • Incentives for new drug development for the treatment of gram-negative bacilli are needed now. Stelling et al, Emerging Infectious Diseases, June 2005 ...
... • Incentives for new drug development for the treatment of gram-negative bacilli are needed now. Stelling et al, Emerging Infectious Diseases, June 2005 ...
GI infections, bacteria
... Diarrhoea due to an infectious cause is a very common syndrome experienced in a GP setting. It has a very high infant mortality rate, and is characterised by distinct symptoms such as: nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dehydration, diarrhoea. The severe form is caused by bacterial agents, whil ...
... Diarrhoea due to an infectious cause is a very common syndrome experienced in a GP setting. It has a very high infant mortality rate, and is characterised by distinct symptoms such as: nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dehydration, diarrhoea. The severe form is caused by bacterial agents, whil ...
Slide 1
... • Incentives for new drug development for the treatment of gram-negative bacilli are needed now. Stelling et al, Emerging Infectious Diseases, June 2005 ...
... • Incentives for new drug development for the treatment of gram-negative bacilli are needed now. Stelling et al, Emerging Infectious Diseases, June 2005 ...
U-Microbiology-Safety
... fastest - but yeast and molds also cause problems in specific cases where bacteria are inhibited ...
... fastest - but yeast and molds also cause problems in specific cases where bacteria are inhibited ...
Basic Human Needs Bowel Elimination
... Most at risk: depilated, confused, unconscious (all are at risk for dehydration) ...
... Most at risk: depilated, confused, unconscious (all are at risk for dehydration) ...
Diagnostic Challenges in Asia Defining Ulcerative vs Infectious Colitis
... similar to that seen in ulcerative colitis. B, Histologic features include a severe inflammatory infiltrate of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages of the mucosa and submucosa, loss of surface epithelial cells, numerous crypt abscesses. ...
... similar to that seen in ulcerative colitis. B, Histologic features include a severe inflammatory infiltrate of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages of the mucosa and submucosa, loss of surface epithelial cells, numerous crypt abscesses. ...
Basic Human Needs Bowel Elimination
... Most at risk: depilated, confused, unconscious (all are at risk for dehydration) ...
... Most at risk: depilated, confused, unconscious (all are at risk for dehydration) ...
Lecture 24
... AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease of the immune system It is the ultimate clinical consequence of infection with HIV. HIV is a retrovirus HIV is genetically variable and exists as different strains, which cause different rates of clinical disease progression • Primarily infects vital organs of ...
... AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease of the immune system It is the ultimate clinical consequence of infection with HIV. HIV is a retrovirus HIV is genetically variable and exists as different strains, which cause different rates of clinical disease progression • Primarily infects vital organs of ...
Infectious Agents in Acute and Chronic Diarrhea of Childhood
... instances. More than one agent may be present in diarrhea cases, and hitherto unknown agents may also occur, complicating interpretation of etiology. These considerations demand that most or all known etiologic agents at a given time be investigated in the best possible way and also require biomedic ...
... instances. More than one agent may be present in diarrhea cases, and hitherto unknown agents may also occur, complicating interpretation of etiology. These considerations demand that most or all known etiologic agents at a given time be investigated in the best possible way and also require biomedic ...
Unexplained Benefits of Antibiotics in Childhood
... if such drugs are administered without adequate precautions . . . toxic symptoms will occur.” They were prescient: current guidelines do not recommend antibiotics for the prevention of traveler’s diarrhea because of the adverse effects of these drugs, and concern about selecting resistant bacteria [ ...
... if such drugs are administered without adequate precautions . . . toxic symptoms will occur.” They were prescient: current guidelines do not recommend antibiotics for the prevention of traveler’s diarrhea because of the adverse effects of these drugs, and concern about selecting resistant bacteria [ ...
Vibrio Cholerae - Carolinas College
... Individuals with reduced gastric acidity are more susceptible to infection Events such as floods, famine, overcrowding, inadequate sanitary facilities, favor the outbreak of V. cholerae ...
... Individuals with reduced gastric acidity are more susceptible to infection Events such as floods, famine, overcrowding, inadequate sanitary facilities, favor the outbreak of V. cholerae ...
GIT Infections and Ulcers
... Capable of producing enterotoxins which result in - Excessive fluid and electrolyte excretion (eg. Cholera toxin) - Direct tissue damage (cytotoxins) (Shigella toxin) - Bind to antigen receptors on T cells in the mucosa and induce production of cytokines which in turn stimulate motility ...
... Capable of producing enterotoxins which result in - Excessive fluid and electrolyte excretion (eg. Cholera toxin) - Direct tissue damage (cytotoxins) (Shigella toxin) - Bind to antigen receptors on T cells in the mucosa and induce production of cytokines which in turn stimulate motility ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
... 2. Non‐effusive (Dry) Form – Characterized by the build up of pussy nodules in any body system or organ. This makes diagnosis very difficult because symptoms depend on which body organ is affected. Is there a test for it? No, we rely on clinical signs, laboratory data and history to diagnose ...
... 2. Non‐effusive (Dry) Form – Characterized by the build up of pussy nodules in any body system or organ. This makes diagnosis very difficult because symptoms depend on which body organ is affected. Is there a test for it? No, we rely on clinical signs, laboratory data and history to diagnose ...
Gastointestinal Infections I
... o Lubricant to protect mucous membrane o Physical barrier to trap bacteria that is expelled by peristalsis M Cells: aid in presentation of antigens to underlying cells of the immune system (in Peyer’s patches) o Phagocytose bacteria and other Ags and pass to macrophages under the M cell Absorptive C ...
... o Lubricant to protect mucous membrane o Physical barrier to trap bacteria that is expelled by peristalsis M Cells: aid in presentation of antigens to underlying cells of the immune system (in Peyer’s patches) o Phagocytose bacteria and other Ags and pass to macrophages under the M cell Absorptive C ...
Acute Bacterial Dysentery in Children
... *Corresponding author: Manijeh Khalili, Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Aliebn-E-Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5413214220, Fax: +98-5413236722, E-mail: Dr_khalili2000@yahoo.com ...
... *Corresponding author: Manijeh Khalili, Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Aliebn-E-Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5413214220, Fax: +98-5413236722, E-mail: Dr_khalili2000@yahoo.com ...
Communicable Disease Control Manual
... Shigella remains viable outside the human body for only a short period of time hence, specimens must be processed rapidly after collection, preferable within 24 hours. Stool specimens should be taken early in the course of the illness, when the causative agent is likely to be found in largest number ...
... Shigella remains viable outside the human body for only a short period of time hence, specimens must be processed rapidly after collection, preferable within 24 hours. Stool specimens should be taken early in the course of the illness, when the causative agent is likely to be found in largest number ...
Diseases of the GI System
... Fair, depending on stage & lifestyle changes. If lifestyle does does change, less than 5 years from dx ...
... Fair, depending on stage & lifestyle changes. If lifestyle does does change, less than 5 years from dx ...
Cryptosporidiosis
... incubation period of between 2 to 26 days, but usually 2 to 10 days. Because of this imprecise and variable incubation period if is often impossible to identify an exact source of infection. Initial symptoms of the illness include abdominal pain, fever and vomiting; this is followed shortly afterwar ...
... incubation period of between 2 to 26 days, but usually 2 to 10 days. Because of this imprecise and variable incubation period if is often impossible to identify an exact source of infection. Initial symptoms of the illness include abdominal pain, fever and vomiting; this is followed shortly afterwar ...
Disorders of the GIT – ILEUS Caused by the obstruction of the
... − large oral doses of poorly absorbed ions, such as magnesium, sulfate, and phosphate, can increase intraluminal osmotic pressure − osmotic diarrhea disappears when ingestion of the osmotic substance stops − malabsorption related to lactase deficiency, pancreatic enzyme or bile salt deficiency, smal ...
... − large oral doses of poorly absorbed ions, such as magnesium, sulfate, and phosphate, can increase intraluminal osmotic pressure − osmotic diarrhea disappears when ingestion of the osmotic substance stops − malabsorption related to lactase deficiency, pancreatic enzyme or bile salt deficiency, smal ...
Food and Water Safety and Other Issues
... immune system to serious food and waterborne illnesses than persons with a stronger immune system. These secondary infections, transmitted through food and water, contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected persons. Food plays an active role in disease transmission by sup ...
... immune system to serious food and waterborne illnesses than persons with a stronger immune system. These secondary infections, transmitted through food and water, contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected persons. Food plays an active role in disease transmission by sup ...
Abstract
... Knowledge of safe food/water-handling techniques is essential for HIV-infected patients, their caretakers, and for health care providers to prevent the potentially lifethreatening nature of such infections. The prevention of foodborne and waterborne illnesses as a component of an overall strategy f ...
... Knowledge of safe food/water-handling techniques is essential for HIV-infected patients, their caretakers, and for health care providers to prevent the potentially lifethreatening nature of such infections. The prevention of foodborne and waterborne illnesses as a component of an overall strategy f ...
Principles of Microbial Control in Public Health and Health Care
... *Being able to keep people alive longer in debilitated states can subject them to opportunistic infections. ...
... *Being able to keep people alive longer in debilitated states can subject them to opportunistic infections. ...
foodborne_disease_-3
... • In most people, the illness lasts for about one or two days. People with norovirus illness are contagious from the moment they begin feeling sick until at least three days after they recover. • Infection can be more severe in young children and elderly people. Dehydration can occur rapidly and ma ...
... • In most people, the illness lasts for about one or two days. People with norovirus illness are contagious from the moment they begin feeling sick until at least three days after they recover. • Infection can be more severe in young children and elderly people. Dehydration can occur rapidly and ma ...
CASE REPORT • Multiple Simultaneous Gastrointestinal Parasitic
... the implementation of ART, the infectious causes of diarrhea are significantly reduced, with medication-induced diarrhea becoming the most prevalent (10). However, a significant number of patients still present with diarrhea due to infectious etiologies, particularly parasites (4). Different studies ...
... the implementation of ART, the infectious causes of diarrhea are significantly reduced, with medication-induced diarrhea becoming the most prevalent (10). However, a significant number of patients still present with diarrhea due to infectious etiologies, particularly parasites (4). Different studies ...
Diarrhea
Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and changes in personality. This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe. Loose but non watery stools in babies who are breastfed, however, may be normal.The most common cause is an infection of the intestines due to either a virus, bacteria, or parasite; a condition known as gastroenteritis. These infections are often acquired from food or water that has been contaminated by stool, or directly from another person who is infected. It may be divided into three types: short duration watery diarrhea, short duration bloody diarrhea, and if it lasts for more than two weeks, persistent diarrhea. The short duration watery diarrhea may be due to an infection by cholera. If blood is present it is also known as dysentery. A number of non-infectious causes may also result in diarrhea, including hyperthyroidism, lactose intolerance, inflammatory bowel disease, a number of medications, and irritable bowel syndrome. In most cases stool cultures are not required to confirm the exact cause.Prevention of infectious diarrhea is by improved sanitation, clean drinking water, and hand washing with soap. Breastfeeding for at least six months is also recommended as is vaccination against rotavirus. Oral rehydration solution (ORS), which is clean water with modest amounts of salts and sugar, is the treatment of choice. Zinc tablets are also recommended. These treatments have been estimated to have saved 50 million children in the past 25 years. When people have diarrhea it is recommended that they continue to eat healthy food and babies continue to be breastfeed. If commercial ORS are not available, homemade solutions may be used. In those with severe dehydration, intravenous fluids may be required. Most cases; however, can be managed well with fluids by mouth. Antibiotics, while rarely used, may be recommended in a few cases such as those who have bloody diarrhea and a high fever, those with severe diarrhea following travelling, and those who grow specific bacteria or parasites in their stool. Loperamide may help decrease the number of bowel movement but is not recommended in those with severe disease.About 1.7 to 5 billion cases of diarrhea occur per year. It is most common in developing countries, where young children get diarrhea on average three times a year. Total deaths from diarrhea are estimated at 1.26 million in 2013 – down from 2.58 million in 1990. In 2012, it is the second most common cause of deaths in children younger than five (0.76 million or 11%). Frequent episodes of diarrhea are also a common cause of malnutrition and the most common cause in those younger than five years of age. Other long term problems that can result include stunted growth and poor intellectual development.