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Poster Abstracts - The International Society of Travel Medicine
Poster Abstracts - The International Society of Travel Medicine

... Laboratory : 90 % had low platelet count, 98% had low white blood count, 69% had raised liver functions. All patients recovered, only 2 cases of (mild)dengue haemorhagic fever, those 2 had other infections (malaria) as well. ...
Association between Interleukin
Association between Interleukin

... patients with clinical TB disease (mean  SD age, 51.2  11.2 years; 74.4% men) were collected from the HTI database, including 92 patients with pulmonary TB, 11 with extrapulmonary TB, and 3 with both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. All patients were identified by either M. tuberculosis culture po ...
Tuberculous Tenosynovitis of the Wrist and Hand
Tuberculous Tenosynovitis of the Wrist and Hand

... over her left wrist for over 2 years and insidious flexor weakness of the fingers without any history of trauma. As comorbidities, she had hypothyroidism and a history of previous surgery of a giant cell tumour located volarly on her left wrist, which demanded tendon sheath excision. Ultrasonography ...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Diffuse Interstitial Lung Diseases
Diagnosis and Treatment of Diffuse Interstitial Lung Diseases

... of these clinical entities because they very often affect not only the interstitial alveolar structures, but also the small airways and the pulmonary vasculature.1,2 Etiology and Classification The etiology of DILD is extremely varied. More than 150 different causes are currently known, although ide ...
Outbreaks of Tularemia in a Boreal Forest Region
Outbreaks of Tularemia in a Boreal Forest Region

... scale) and SN the corresponding standard deviation. Here, neither ...
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

... Pediatric Task Force of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) in 1997 Chronic arthritis in childhood – one of the more frequent chronic illnesses of childhood. An important cause of short and long-term disability ...
Epidemiology and Control of SARS in Singapore
Epidemiology and Control of SARS in Singapore

... Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was imported into Singapore in late February 2003 by a local resident who returned from a holiday in Hong Kong and started an outbreak in the hospital where she was admitted on 1 March 2003. The disease subsequently spread to 4 other healthcare insti ...
Click here to read an abbreviated version of the paper
Click here to read an abbreviated version of the paper

... infected with HBV—more than double the average prevalence of HBV in the western Pacific region. These rates have remained unchanged over the past two decades.23,24 Results of a small-scale study23 suggested that up to 1% of Filipinos (around 1 million people) are infected with HCV. Infection rates t ...
The Use of Intravenous Palivizumab for Treatment of Persistent RSV... in Children With Leukemia
The Use of Intravenous Palivizumab for Treatment of Persistent RSV... in Children With Leukemia

... threat of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among children at high risk. There are no standard guidelines due to conflicting data on palivizumab’s use in the treatment of RSV lower respiratory tract infections. Intravenous (IV) palivizumab was shown to be well tolerated and associated with ...
1. Introduction - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene
1. Introduction - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene

... habits of the people who make up the study population. In developing codes of hygiene practice for the home, this makes it difficult to assign values to the relative importance of different procedures e.g. hand hygiene relative to laundry hygiene. By contrast with intervention and observational stud ...
12 Immunization of People Living with HIV and
12 Immunization of People Living with HIV and

... II. General principles for the immunization of PLHIV As HIV infection results in a progressive deterioration of the immune system, there has been concern that some vaccines could result in severe adverse events in HIV-infected individuals. Since no immunobiological product is completely safe, genera ...
chapter 8 emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
chapter 8 emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases

... RE-EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES A number of diseases we once thought were no longer a threat to humans have bounced back in recent years.  All of them present important challenges to health care workers today.  Two good examples of re-emerging infectious disease are: ...
Just Diagnosed with Hepatitis B Virus?
Just Diagnosed with Hepatitis B Virus?

... grown in scale and more importantly tripled in terms of undiagnosed numbers over the last 2 decades. Worldwide, it is very common with hepatitis B infecting 1 in 20 humans on Earth. For example, in most of Asia and Africa more than 1 in 30 people have chronic hepatitis B infection and 1 in 3 humans ...
Draft Guidelines for regulatory management of registered health
Draft Guidelines for regulatory management of registered health

... remain up-to-date, and changes to the CDNA guidelines can be effective as soon as they have been endorsed. By way of illustration, the United Kingdom has recently announced that they will change their guidelines on practitioners infected with HIV. They intend to take a less risk-averse stance in rel ...
Eradication of Transboundary Animal Diseases: Can the Rinderpest Success Story... Repeated? G. R. Thomson , G. T. Fosgate
Eradication of Transboundary Animal Diseases: Can the Rinderpest Success Story... Repeated? G. R. Thomson , G. T. Fosgate

... are a number of features of PPR which are likely to render it more difficult to eradicate than rinderpest (Roeder 2011, 2012; Libeau et al., 2014). Classical swine fever has also been considered in the context of eradication although progress in that respect has not been apparent (Edwards et al., 2 ...
Document
Document

Brent JSNA 2014/15 Refresh. Tuberculosis information
Brent JSNA 2014/15 Refresh. Tuberculosis information

... In total, there were 279 cases of TB in Brent in 2013 and 119 cases of pulmonary TB There was an overall decline of around 10% in the numbers of TB cases in Brent reported in 2013 compared to 2012 During the period 2002 to 2013, the TB rate in Brent was much more varied compared to the London averag ...
Botswana Causes of Mortality 2012
Botswana Causes of Mortality 2012

... This statistical brief analyzes the causes of mortality among infants and adults over a ten year period covering the years 2003 to 2012 (Table 2). The brief states the major causes of death for Neonates, Children under five and Adults for 2011 and 2012. Statistics Botswana’s Health Statistics Unit ( ...
Import Risk Analysis: Cattle from Australia, Canada, the
Import Risk Analysis: Cattle from Australia, Canada, the

... The risks associated with the importation of cattle from Australia, Canada, the European Union (27 countries), and the United States of America have been examined. Only risks associated with the importation of infectious organisms or parasites have been considered. Of an initial list of 93 micro org ...
MRSA Wk 4
MRSA Wk 4

... to a study by Rupak Datta and Susan S Huang (2008); “Individuals who are known to have harbored MRSA for > 1 year are at high risk for subsequent MRSA morbidity and mortality and should be considered to be targets for intervention…” In 2008 it was estimated that 94,000 people developed a serious MRS ...
Annex 1: Malaria data for East Timor
Annex 1: Malaria data for East Timor

... has stated that it will be necessary to make technicians multi-skilled, because laboratory staff levels in the districts will be reduced to one person. Each person will be required to perform a wide range of tests, not only malaria diagnosis. The course is now near completion and in accordance with ...
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases

... mice or ground squirrels were found only after epizootics; individuals of these species may have died before sampling or they may have been infected by questing fleas over the following year. During epizootics, antibody titers in grasshopper mice ranged from 32 to 4,096 (geometric mean[GM]5195.5). T ...
ENCEPHALITIS,CEREBRAL EDEMA
ENCEPHALITIS,CEREBRAL EDEMA

... • Mortality is 10-30% when antiviral drugs are used, without antiviral mortality is 70% • Survivors may have cognitive impairment or developed epilepsy Complications: ...
Primates import risk analysis - Ministry for Primary Industries
Primates import risk analysis - Ministry for Primary Industries

... likely to pose a risk to other primates, in the captive populations into which they are introduced, than to humans. Since there are no free-living primates in New Zealand, biosecurity risks posed by imported primates are largely limited to the possible introduction of human diseases, although there ...
Pathway of effects between wild and farmed finfish
Pathway of effects between wild and farmed finfish

... artificial, the ecological relevance of the infection levels must also be considered. Ecological relevance refers to the degree of impact by a pathogen exerted on a host that deviates from the natural levels. Some pathogens naturally exert a large impact on populations while others have very little ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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