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Effects of Specific Vaccines
Effects of Specific Vaccines

... was dropping very rapidly, starting in the 1930s. After World War II, the incidence continued to drop as living conditions improved. Clean water, central heating…these are the factors that really affected people’s tendencies to come down with infectious diseases much more than vaccines. The vaccines ...
The 30-Year War on AIDS: Have We Reached the Tipping Point?
The 30-Year War on AIDS: Have We Reached the Tipping Point?

... us would have predicted the magnitude of the epidemic today. Over the next 10 years, the epidemic expanded to all areas of the world and over 40 million people became infected.12 Young men and women, people with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and occupational groups such as long-distance truc ...
Overview of the Diagnostic Methods Used in the Field for Human
Overview of the Diagnostic Methods Used in the Field for Human

... new, noninfected tsetse fly bites the infected host, it can ingest parasites, in their bloodstream trypomastigote form, which can move to the fly midgut, where some will differentiate into procyclic trypomastigotes. Afterwards, the parasites migrate from the midgut to the salivary gland and transfor ...
Herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy
Herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy

... visceral involvement such as hepatitis, encephalitis, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and coagulopathy [45]. Although disseminated HSV infection is uncommon in pregnancy, the mortality is about 50%. In particular, pregnant women with primary mucous membrane infection during the third trimester have an ...
Pathogens, Personality, and Culture: Disease Prevalence Predicts
Pathogens, Personality, and Culture: Disease Prevalence Predicts

... others to infectious diseases. This is especially the case in regions in which the prevalence of disease is high. This has an implication for personality traits pertaining to curiosity, experimentation, and willingness to deviate from the status quo––the sorts of traits signaled by openness to exper ...
Title: Preventative Health Care
Title: Preventative Health Care

... This is not a problem that is getting better. The rates of obesity currently stand at about 34%, which is up from 15 percent in the 1970’s (5). Obesity costs America about 100 billion dollars annually and it makes up about 5.7 percent of the United States’ health care expenditures (10). Obesity is o ...
Paper - Michigan State University
Paper - Michigan State University

... remains an influential factor in Alzheimer’s and scientists hope to design trials among Alzheimer’s patients at earlier stages in the disease. Many different types of research are being performed with the hope that it will lead to an important discovery about Alzheimer’s disease. Simply finding a w ...
The role of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) in health
The role of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) in health

... have been held under the auspices of the OIE on the most important aspects of aquatic animal health, notably on fish diseases and their control. In 2000, OIE published for the first time the Aquatic Animal Health Code and the Manual separately from those for terrestrial animals. Diagnostic procedure ...
Introduction - Curry International Tuberculosis Center
Introduction - Curry International Tuberculosis Center

... cause a variety of diseases. Some mycobacteria are called tuberculous mycobacteria because they cause TB or diseases similar to TB. These mycobacteria are M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. africanum. Other mycobacteria are called nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) because they do not cause TB. One co ...
New Transfusions Transplantation Infections Rabies
New Transfusions Transplantation Infections Rabies

... abies is an acute encephalitis caused by viruses in the genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae, that is nearly uniformly fatal in unvaccinated hosts. Although the virus is present in animal reservoirs, infection in humans is rare in the United States, with only two cases reported in 20031,2 and no m ...
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Ebola virus disease (EVD)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Ebola virus disease (EVD)

... protection and the specifics of their situation. What is Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)? Ebola Virus Disease (also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is a severe, often-fatal disease caused by infection with a species of Ebola virus. EVD is a severe acute viral illness often characterized by the sudden on ...
Maine EMS Medivax EMS Influenza Vaccination Program
Maine EMS Medivax EMS Influenza Vaccination Program

... AKA, The Seasonal Flu ...
standard operating procedure for transport of biological specimens
standard operating procedure for transport of biological specimens

... prevention, treatment, or diagnosis of diseases in humans or animals, or for developmental, experimental or investigational purposes. ...
Mumps (Infectious parotitis)
Mumps (Infectious parotitis)

... fruit juice or acidic foods, since these stimulate the salivary glands, which can be painful. Is there a vaccine to prevent mumps? Yes. This is generally given as measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. MMR is usually given on or after a child's first birthday. A second vaccination is recommended, agai ...
Fast-killing parasites can be favoured in spatially structured
Fast-killing parasites can be favoured in spatially structured

... metapopulations were founded with single (and unique) viral clones in each subpopulation (high relatedness (genetically identical) treatments), while six metapopulations had 12 individual subpopulations founded with one fast-killing clone and one slow-killing clone, with each of the 12 viral clones ...
PFOA - CLU-IN
PFOA - CLU-IN

... of the four PFAS. Furthermore, there was a positive association between the maternal concentrations of PFOA and PFNA and the number of episodes of common cold for the children, and between PFOA and PFHxS and the number of episodes of gastroenteritis (assessed by questionnaire). ...
Role of DTC in containing Antimicrobial Resistance
Role of DTC in containing Antimicrobial Resistance

... and South America and quinolone resistance is commonly reported in Asia and Africa.  The only option remaining may be a very expensive third-generation ...
Management and Control of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Policy
Management and Control of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Policy

... that a printed copy of this policy is available in all of their areas.  They will ensure  that all healthcare workers comply with this policy and that all healthcare workers  attend mandatory infection prevention and control training. They will ensure  adequate equipment as described in this policy  ...
http://www.asm.org/ccLibraryFiles/FILENAME/000000002178/BTtemplate3-02-06.pdf
http://www.asm.org/ccLibraryFiles/FILENAME/000000002178/BTtemplate3-02-06.pdf

... (Include contacts pertinent to your institution in a predetermined order, and delete those who are not to be contacted in your institution.) III. THE LRN: LABORATORY RESPONSE NETWORK FOR BIOTERRORISM The Laboratory Response Network (LRN) is a consortium and partnership of laboratories that provide i ...
Implementing a vector surveillance
Implementing a vector surveillance

... programming resources, 2) an attack phase, including large-scale insecticide spraying of houses, and 3) a surveillance phase for the detection of residual vectors [9]. This vector control strategy was proven to be effective when T. cruzi transmission by Triatoma infestans was successfully interrupte ...
LP 3 Engl VI_24.10.2014
LP 3 Engl VI_24.10.2014

... Under the treatment with Ceftriaxone, 1.5g/day, 10 days, the pathogenetic treatment for shock and cerebral edema, with symptomatic and hygienic-dietary regime, the evolution was favourable, with remission of fever in the 3rd day of hospitalization;  the patient became hemodynamically stable after ...
Laboratory`s BT plan template - American Society for Microbiology
Laboratory`s BT plan template - American Society for Microbiology

... (Include contacts pertinent to your institution in a predetermined order, and delete those who are not to be contacted in your institution.) III. THE LRN: LABORATORY RESPONSE NETWORK FOR BIOTERRORISM The Laboratory Response Network (LRN) is a consortium and partnership of laboratories that provide i ...
The treatment and prophylaxis of influenza: PHE guidance 2014-15
The treatment and prophylaxis of influenza: PHE guidance 2014-15

... seek medical help should their condition worsen. The following dose recommendations are for adults. For paediatric dosing, see section 1.3.1. Previously healthy people (excluding pregnant women): No treatment, or oseltamivir (PO), only if physician feels patient is at serious risk of developing seri ...
Wisconsin eHealth Initiative
Wisconsin eHealth Initiative

... 23 MDR-TB cases between 2005-2013 (2.5/year average) All are foreign-born and Asian (15 Hmong, 8 non-Hmong) Average number years in U.S. before diagnosis = 9.9 years  Hmong =12.6 years (average age = 62)  Non-Hmong = 4.8 years (average age = 23) 8 did not complete treatment (6 current, 2 died) 91. ...
Fall 2012 - The Massachusetts Chapter of the American Academy of
Fall 2012 - The Massachusetts Chapter of the American Academy of

... We have all the heard the saying “kids are not little adults.” As pediatricians we all understand how the fascinating process of development makes children totally different than adults, whether that is in their metabolism of drugs or in their social and emotional needs. The individuals designing ou ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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