University of Michigan Jerusalem, Israel durfee/
... P would believe that Q is equally likely to take action c or d, and so P would choose action a with an expected payoff of 1. Q, on the other hand, would see P as equally likely to take action a or b, and so Q would be indifferent among its choices, adopting a mixed strategy of (l/2 l/2). Th is d i f ...
... P would believe that Q is equally likely to take action c or d, and so P would choose action a with an expected payoff of 1. Q, on the other hand, would see P as equally likely to take action a or b, and so Q would be indifferent among its choices, adopting a mixed strategy of (l/2 l/2). Th is d i f ...
imperfect information in electronic negotiations: an empirical study
... user gets the information only as an additional notice. [Peters 2002] takes up the problem of incomplete information related to the environment insofar as a "sufficient information model" is used to represent the relevant information. "Sufficient" means in this case that upon completion of an auctio ...
... user gets the information only as an additional notice. [Peters 2002] takes up the problem of incomplete information related to the environment insofar as a "sufficient information model" is used to represent the relevant information. "Sufficient" means in this case that upon completion of an auctio ...
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Search problems
... • Q: Why do we need a closed list? • A: Generally a closed list has two main functionalities: – Prevent re-exploring of nodes. – Hold solution path from start to goal (DFS based algorithms have it anyway). ...
... • Q: Why do we need a closed list? • A: Generally a closed list has two main functionalities: – Prevent re-exploring of nodes. – Hold solution path from start to goal (DFS based algorithms have it anyway). ...
Living in a Bubble: Dissociation, Relational Consciousness, and
... In a realist model, sense of reality is exactly that, my sense of an ‘out there’ reality. The insufficiencies of a naïve or mediational realist approach have been well argued elsewhere (Edwards, Ashmore and Potter, 1995). In any case, in a relational model, there is no ‘out there’ or ‘in here’ but o ...
... In a realist model, sense of reality is exactly that, my sense of an ‘out there’ reality. The insufficiencies of a naïve or mediational realist approach have been well argued elsewhere (Edwards, Ashmore and Potter, 1995). In any case, in a relational model, there is no ‘out there’ or ‘in here’ but o ...
Computational modeling of responses in human visual
... A new generation of models and experimental designs are clarifying the computational principles in human visual cortex. Over the first two decades of functional magnetic resonance imaging, steady progress in measuring visual cortex led to the identification of more than twenty retinotopically mapped ...
... A new generation of models and experimental designs are clarifying the computational principles in human visual cortex. Over the first two decades of functional magnetic resonance imaging, steady progress in measuring visual cortex led to the identification of more than twenty retinotopically mapped ...
Improving Efficiency in Mobile Robot Task Planning through World
... abstract solution, inserting details that were ignored in the more abstract domain. This is repeated until the solution is reached. We have found that previous hierarchical planners exploit any of the following three kinds of abstractions [52]: precondition-elimination abstraction, effect abstractio ...
... abstract solution, inserting details that were ignored in the more abstract domain. This is repeated until the solution is reached. We have found that previous hierarchical planners exploit any of the following three kinds of abstractions [52]: precondition-elimination abstraction, effect abstractio ...
Social Psychology
... Can attitudes predict behaviour? • The two main theories of attitude-behaviour relations are: • (a) the theory of reasoned action (people behave in line with their attitudes if they have a favourable attitude and there is general social support for the behaviour), and • (b) the theory of planned be ...
... Can attitudes predict behaviour? • The two main theories of attitude-behaviour relations are: • (a) the theory of reasoned action (people behave in line with their attitudes if they have a favourable attitude and there is general social support for the behaviour), and • (b) the theory of planned be ...
Osama Almughrabi
... determined. However, life experiences clearly lead to personal mental expansion in the form of learning and cognition. Twin studies illustrate the nature/nurture duality as well – identical twins separated at birth may hold very different social, religious and political views, but there will often b ...
... determined. However, life experiences clearly lead to personal mental expansion in the form of learning and cognition. Twin studies illustrate the nature/nurture duality as well – identical twins separated at birth may hold very different social, religious and political views, but there will often b ...
CHAPTER 3 Neuroscience and Behavior
... the voluntary and involuntary functioning of the body? How does the brain communicate with other parts of the body? What is the physical structure of the brain, and how does this structure affect behavior? Are psychological disorders caused by biological factors, and how can such disorders be treate ...
... the voluntary and involuntary functioning of the body? How does the brain communicate with other parts of the body? What is the physical structure of the brain, and how does this structure affect behavior? Are psychological disorders caused by biological factors, and how can such disorders be treate ...
File
... nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates organs throughout the body. For example, heart rate is increased by the ...
... nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates organs throughout the body. For example, heart rate is increased by the ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... values and the results have been recorded and analyzed. The optimum values for FOV have been proposed after evaluating more than 100 different values. It has been observed that the optimum FOV value requires lesser number of generations for evolution and the mobile robot trained with that particular ...
... values and the results have been recorded and analyzed. The optimum values for FOV have been proposed after evaluating more than 100 different values. It has been observed that the optimum FOV value requires lesser number of generations for evolution and the mobile robot trained with that particular ...
Where in the brain is morality?
... We do not take the evidence to suggest that all moral judgments are emotionally mediated. Instead, moral cognition depends on multiple inputs from multiple cognitive systems—emotional appraisals are one such input for certain kinds of moral judgments. 5 The term “social brain” is sometimes used more ...
... We do not take the evidence to suggest that all moral judgments are emotionally mediated. Instead, moral cognition depends on multiple inputs from multiple cognitive systems—emotional appraisals are one such input for certain kinds of moral judgments. 5 The term “social brain” is sometimes used more ...
A framework for the first-person internal sensation of visual
... its inputs. For example, in a pyramidal neuron with thousands of inputs, the arrival of nearly any set of 40 excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) at the axonal hillock can lead to its firing (Palmer et al. 2014). (2) Secondly, depending on the distance that the postsynaptic potentials travel a ...
... its inputs. For example, in a pyramidal neuron with thousands of inputs, the arrival of nearly any set of 40 excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) at the axonal hillock can lead to its firing (Palmer et al. 2014). (2) Secondly, depending on the distance that the postsynaptic potentials travel a ...
Planning with Partially Specified Behaviors
... 4. Planning with Partially Specified Behaviors In this section we describe Planning with Partially Specified Behaviors (PPSB), our framework for combining planning and reinforcement learning. As previously mentioned, PPSB as PLANQ-learning method decomposes a sequential decision problem into a set ...
... 4. Planning with Partially Specified Behaviors In this section we describe Planning with Partially Specified Behaviors (PPSB), our framework for combining planning and reinforcement learning. As previously mentioned, PPSB as PLANQ-learning method decomposes a sequential decision problem into a set ...
The role of mirror neurons in speech perception and
... groups, those with phonemic output disorders (phonemic errors in speech production) and those without. Patients with a phonemic output disorder made more errors than patients without a phonemic output disorder on a same!different, non-word syllable discrimination task. This may be taken as evidence ...
... groups, those with phonemic output disorders (phonemic errors in speech production) and those without. Patients with a phonemic output disorder made more errors than patients without a phonemic output disorder on a same!different, non-word syllable discrimination task. This may be taken as evidence ...
PDF file
... Symbolic representations, as defined later, are task specific, since it is requires that a task be given and it is the human designer who understands the task and who handpicks a static set of symbolic task concepts about the extra-body task environments. Neural network seems the only known way in w ...
... Symbolic representations, as defined later, are task specific, since it is requires that a task be given and it is the human designer who understands the task and who handpicks a static set of symbolic task concepts about the extra-body task environments. Neural network seems the only known way in w ...
The Singularity: A Reply
... limitation that slows any purported intelligence explosion to a convergence; but the only reason he gives is that values require a rich environmental context, so this worry is not a worry for AI that exists in a rich environmental context. Aleksander makes a different argument against the singularit ...
... limitation that slows any purported intelligence explosion to a convergence; but the only reason he gives is that values require a rich environmental context, so this worry is not a worry for AI that exists in a rich environmental context. Aleksander makes a different argument against the singularit ...
Local Field Potential in the Visual System
... positive ions is termed current sink by convention, whereas an outflow of positive ions is termed current source. Since inflowing positive ions must be compensated for by an appropriate outflow of positive ions, there must be a current source corresponding to every sink. While current sinks reflect memb ...
... positive ions is termed current sink by convention, whereas an outflow of positive ions is termed current source. Since inflowing positive ions must be compensated for by an appropriate outflow of positive ions, there must be a current source corresponding to every sink. While current sinks reflect memb ...
Artificial Intelligence
... Goal of AI: Not only to understand how does mind work? but also how to build intelligent entities?. ...
... Goal of AI: Not only to understand how does mind work? but also how to build intelligent entities?. ...
Idealizations of Uncertainty, and Lessons from Artificial Intelligence
... choices in any given situation. The information which they gather may be complete or, in an important extension of the basic theory, incomplete, but whatever the nature of the information, they are assumed to be able to process it. Economics has a great deal to say about most aspects of the theory, ...
... choices in any given situation. The information which they gather may be complete or, in an important extension of the basic theory, incomplete, but whatever the nature of the information, they are assumed to be able to process it. Economics has a great deal to say about most aspects of the theory, ...
The Resilience of Computationalism - Philsci
... principled reason why computations cannot be realized by processes of chemical diffusion.4 Even if the chemical signals in question were essentially non-computational, pointing out that they occur in the brain would not show that neural processes are non-computational. Here, different considerations ...
... principled reason why computations cannot be realized by processes of chemical diffusion.4 Even if the chemical signals in question were essentially non-computational, pointing out that they occur in the brain would not show that neural processes are non-computational. Here, different considerations ...
Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in Auditory Cortex Is an NMDA
... generated by a temporo-prefrontal network including auditory cortex. • This claim implies that auditory cortex units themselves play an integral role in novelty detection as indexed by the MMN. ...
... generated by a temporo-prefrontal network including auditory cortex. • This claim implies that auditory cortex units themselves play an integral role in novelty detection as indexed by the MMN. ...
original
... Concept – function from observations to categories (e.g., boolean-valued: +/-) Target (function) - true function f Hypothesis - proposed function h believed to be similar to f Hypothesis space - space of all hypotheses that can be generated by the ...
... Concept – function from observations to categories (e.g., boolean-valued: +/-) Target (function) - true function f Hypothesis - proposed function h believed to be similar to f Hypothesis space - space of all hypotheses that can be generated by the ...