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Total Notes for chem - Catawba County Schools
Total Notes for chem - Catawba County Schools

... 1. When elements combine, the outermost electrons; that is, those electrons with levels of energy which will cause them to orbit at the greatest distance from the nucleus, will be the only electrons directly involved with the reaction of these elements to form compounds. 2. The energy of an electron ...
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... rule but bears more formal charges or the one in which the S atom expands its octet, has been the subject of some debate among chemists. In many cases, only elaborate quantum mechanical calculations can provide a clearer answer. At this stage of learning, you should realize that both representations ...
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... Reduction: Process of gaining electrons which reduces the oxidation number Significant Figures: Those digits that carry meaning contributing to its precision Single Bond: One shared pair of electrons Soluble: Dissolves in water Solute: The species that gets dissolved to form a solution Solution: Sol ...
O - gearju.com
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... rule but bears more formal charges or the one in which the S atom expands its octet, has been the subject of some debate among chemists. In many cases, only elaborate quantum mechanical calculations can provide a clearer answer. At this stage of learning, you should realize that both representations ...
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Metallic bonding

Metallic bonding occurs as a result of electromagnetism and describes the electrostatic attractive force that occurs between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions. It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a lattice of positively charged ions (cations). In a more quantum-mechanical view, the conduction electrons divide their density equally over all atoms that function as neutral (non-charged) entities. Metallic bonding accounts for many physical properties of metals, such as strength, ductility, thermal and electrical resistivity and conductivity, opacity, and luster.Metallic bonding is not the only type of chemical bonding a metal can exhibit, even as a pure substance. For example, elemental gallium consists of covalently-bound pairs of atoms in both liquid and solid state—these pairs form a crystal lattice with metallic bonding between them. Another example of a metal–metal covalent bond is mercurous ion (Hg2+2).
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