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University of Buea University of Buea
University of Buea University of Buea

... a. they include adrenal cortex hormones. b. insulin is an example. c. they are stored within secretory granules in the cell. d. they are secreted from endocrine glands. e. they must bind to membrane receptors to invoke their actions.. 9. Which statement regarding tropic hormones is incorrect? a. the ...
Endocrine System
Endocrine System

... 2) Hormone enters target cell & nucleus  signal transduction pathway (acting as transcription factor)  response (change in gene expression through protein synthesis) ...
Endocrine Lab - Winona State University
Endocrine Lab - Winona State University

... housed in a depression in the sphenoid bone (i.e., sella turcica of the sphenoid bone). It is physically smaller than a marble, more like a kidney bean in shape and size. It is composed of two structures: the adenohypophysis (i.e., anterior pituitary) and the neurohypophysis (i.e., posterior pituit ...
Goiter
Goiter

... • In fact, it is thought that T3 is the ‘active’ form of thyroid hormone – Thyroid hormone receptors in cells have higher affinity for T3 – Most cells contain an enzyme to remove one of the iodines off of T4 – The liver converts T4 to T3 ...
The Endocrine System/Part II - Wilkes
The Endocrine System/Part II - Wilkes

... hypocalcemia. • Hypercalcemia depresses the nervous, cardiac and GI systems causing fatigue, bradycardia, anorexia and constipation. ...
MCQ to basal ganglia and cerebellum
MCQ to basal ganglia and cerebellum

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The autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system

... Sympathetic nervous system It’s primary process is to stimulate the body's fight-or-flight response. And it constantly active at a basic level to maintain homeostasis. Fight-or-flight response means that when somebody is in danger under the command of the hypothalamus the neural activity and the hor ...
Assessment and Management of Patients with Endocrine Disorders
Assessment and Management of Patients with Endocrine Disorders

...  Iodine prep (Lugols or K iodide solution) to decrease size and vascularity of gland to minimize risk of hemorrhage, reduces risk of thyroid storm during surgery  Preoperative teaching includes dietary guidance to meet patient metabolic needs and avoidance of caffeinated beverages and other stimul ...
Part a
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... • The nervous system modifies the stimulation of endocrine glands and their negative feedback mechanisms • Example: under severe stress, the hypothalamus and the sympathetic nervous system are activated • As a result, body glucose levels rise ...
Document
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... the liver needs bile ducts to transport the bile it secretes to the small intestine. Other glands do not need special ducts, but use the blood stream to transport their secretions: these kind of glands are called endocrine glands. The human body uses hormones secreted by endocrine glands to regulate ...
GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY
GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY

... Growth hormone stimulation tests should confirm GH deficiency Those receiving GH replacement should remain under supervision of an endocrinologist specialising in pituitary ...
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... Prolonged exposure and/or failure to cope will produce over-stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis GC’s are lipid soluble and readily diffused across blood-brain-barrier Widespread receptors in brain account for GC’s ability to influence behavior Slow clearance from cerebrospinal flu ...
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... animals, commonly called "heat." •Female animals must be receptive in order to mate. They come into heat from one to several times per year. ...
Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development and
Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development and

... retardation in subjects who are exposed to low levels of thyroid hormone early in life. Neurological and psychiatric disorders could indeed be due to an impaired action of thyroid hormone during brain development and later in life, because of a dysregulation of local intracellular T3 levels. Thyroid ...
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... accompanied by an increased appetite),anxiety, intolerance to heat, hair loss, muscle aches, weakness, fatigue, hyperactivity, irritability ...
1 Hormones are in red. Organized by Organ/Location Hypothalamus
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... mineralocorticoids, like aldosterone androgens (male sex hormones, like testosterone in the fetus, ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize a precursor of estrogen called dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) which helps prepare the mother for giving birth. Production of ACTH depends on th ...
The Endocrine System
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... metabolic rate. – “C” cells within the thyroid produce the hormone calcitonin. ...
The Endocrine System
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... metabolic rate. – “C” cells within the thyroid produce the hormone calcitonin. ...
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... endocrine glands that are scattered throughout the body. • The endocrine glands are not connected anatomically • They constitute a system in a functional sense. • Secreting hormones into the blood • Once secreted, a hormone travels in the blood to its distant target cells, where it regulates or dire ...
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Animal Histology- Endocrine System:

... Hormone: A substance, usually a peptide or steroid, produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity, such as growth or metabolism. A chemical produced in one part of the body and released into the blood to trigger or regulate particular functions of ...
CHAPTER 13: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
CHAPTER 13: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

... Anterior Pituitary Hormones The Anterior Pituitary Gland (APG) hangs from the base of the brain and sits in the sella turcica. See Fig 13.9, page 497. The APG secretes 6 different hormones. See Fig 13.15, page 501. Also soo Fig 13.14, page 500 for histology of anterior pituitary gland. ...
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Endocrinology 2b – Hypothyroid Disorders

...  Plasma binding proteins increase in pregnancy and on prolonged treatment with oestrogens and phenothiazines.  Certain co-administered drugs (e.g. phenytoin, salicylates) compete for protein binding sites.  10 times more T4 in plasma than T3.  Hormone metabolised and secreted in bile (liver) and ...
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Hypothalamus



The hypothalamus (from Greek ὑπό, ""under"" and θάλαμος, ""room, chamber"") is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus, just above the brainstem and is part of the limbic system. In the terminology of neuroanatomy, it forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. All vertebrate brains contain a hypothalamus. In humans, it is the size of an almond.The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, important aspects of parenting and attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.
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