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Optical Fourier techniques for medical image processing and phase
Optical Fourier techniques for medical image processing and phase

PowerPoint Lecture - UCSD Department of Physics
PowerPoint Lecture - UCSD Department of Physics

... Raytracing made easier • In principle, to trace a ray, one must calculate the intersection of each ray with the complex lens surface, compute the surface normal here, then propagate to the next surface – computationally very cumbersome ...
Optical Measurements of Interface Acoustic Waves Guided by the
Optical Measurements of Interface Acoustic Waves Guided by the

Lens Aberrations and Ray Tracing 1 Background
Lens Aberrations and Ray Tracing 1 Background

Lens 101 review
Lens 101 review

5. INTERFERENCE. Introduction.
5. INTERFERENCE. Introduction.

PDF
PDF

... Phase profiles are imprinted on the wavefront of a collimated beam from a continuous wave ytterbium-doped fiber laser (IPG Photonics, λ = 1064 nm) using an electronically addressed, reflective SLM (P512-1064, Boulder Nonlinear Systems). The SLM is operated in a phaseonly mode which controls the phas ...
Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal
Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal

... Comparing this expression with Eq. 1, we see that this specific situation produces a diffraction-limited focal spot a distance z ¼ 2zM n1 ∕n2 from the nominal focal plane in the specimen. By varying zm , the position of the mirror, the focal spot is proportionally displaced to a different axial posi ...
Theoretical analysis of phase-matched second
Theoretical analysis of phase-matched second

Chapter 2
Chapter 2

Experiments on Elastic Cloaking in Thin Plates
Experiments on Elastic Cloaking in Thin Plates

... The region around the cloak is also a metamaterial with a PVC filling fraction of 40%. This means that the entire plate (and not only the cloak) needs to be structured. A scheme and a photograph of the fabricated cloaking structure are shown in Fig. 2. Here, we have drilled holes and machined rings ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
Get PDF - OSA Publishing

Holography: origin, basic principle and applications of a
Holography: origin, basic principle and applications of a

... with this problem, (that of spherical aberration, author’s note), but could not get it out of his mind” (Mulvey, 1995). In the Easter holidays of April 1947 Gabor reported to have had, quite unexpectedly, a ‘vision’ in which “… instantaneously and without effort on my part, the complete solution of ...
Note
Note

... “Every point on a primary wave front serves as the source of spherical secondary wavelets. The wavelets advance with speed and frequency equal to those of the primary wave. The primary front at some later time is the envelope of the wavelets.” a. Wave front A wave is a disturbance that propagates fr ...
םימצמצ
םימצמצ

Propagation and refraction of chemical waves generated by local
Propagation and refraction of chemical waves generated by local

... the system is driven away from the steady state 共u0 , v0兲 = 共a , b / a兲, which results in a limit cycle solution of the ordinary differential equations. In spatially extended systems, this may result in phase-synchronized bulk oscillation 共BO兲, periodic waves or spatiotemporal chaos. We study the ef ...
Introduction: When waves encounter obstacles (or openings), they
Introduction: When waves encounter obstacles (or openings), they

... rays of light come to focus nearer the lens than the red rays of light because for a given material the refractive index for violet rays of light is more than for red rays of light. In the case of a zone plate, there are a number of foci between the point O and P (Figure 8). Each focus corresponds t ...
Large acceptance of non-collinear phase
Large acceptance of non-collinear phase

Lecture-12-Optics
Lecture-12-Optics

... whose width and height are about the same. ...


... whose width and height are about the same. ...
Kelley model of photographic process
Kelley model of photographic process

... dependent: typically we get more blur near the edges of the field (narrower MTF ⇔broader PSF) • This, in addition, means that real–life optical systems are not shift invariant either! • ⇒the concept of MTF is approximate, near the region where the system is approximately shift invariant (recall: tra ...
Experimental studies of far-field superlens for sub-diffractional optical imaging
Experimental studies of far-field superlens for sub-diffractional optical imaging

Removal of excitations of Bose-Einstein condensates
Removal of excitations of Bose-Einstein condensates



... whose width and height are about the same. Let εA = the source strength per unit area. Then each infinitesimal area element dS emits a spherical wave that will contribute an amount dE to the field at P (X, Y, Z) on the screen ε The distance from dS to P is ...
12. CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY • Confocal microscopy can render
12. CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY • Confocal microscopy can render

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Fourier optics

Fourier optics is the study of classical optics using Fourier transforms, in which the wave is regarded as a superposition of plane waves that are not related to any identifiable sources; instead they are the natural modes of the propagation medium itself. Fourier optics can be seen as the dual of the Huygens–Fresnel principle, in which the wave is regarded as a superposition of expanding spherical waves which radiate outward from actual (physically identifiable) current sources via a Green's function relationship (see Double-slit experiment)A curved phasefront may be synthesized from an infinite number of these ""natural modes"" i.e., from plane wave phasefronts oriented in different directions in space. Far from its sources, an expanding spherical wave is locally tangent to a planar phase front (a single plane wave out of the infinite spectrum), which is transverse to the radial direction of propagation. In this case, a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is created, which emanates from a single spherical wave phase center. In the near field, no single well-defined spherical wave phase center exists, so the wavefront isn't locally tangent to a spherical ball. In this case, a Fresnel diffraction pattern would be created, which emanates from an extended source, consisting of a distribution of (physically identifiable) spherical wave sources in space. In the near field, a full spectrum of plane waves is necessary to represent the Fresnel near-field wave, even locally. A ""wide"" wave moving forward (like an expanding ocean wave coming toward the shore) can be regarded as an infinite number of ""plane wave modes"", all of which could (when they collide with something in the way) scatter independently of one other. These mathematical simplifications and calculations are the realm of Fourier analysis and synthesis – together, they can describe what happens when light passes through various slits, lenses or mirrors curved one way or the other, or is fully or partially reflected. Fourier optics forms much of the theory behind image processing techniques, as well as finding applications where information needs to be extracted from optical sources such as in quantum optics. To put it in a slightly more complex way, similar to the concept of frequency and time used in traditional Fourier transform theory, Fourier optics makes use of the spatial frequency domain (kx, ky) as the conjugate of the spatial (x,y) domain. Terms and concepts such as transform theory, spectrum, bandwidth, window functions and sampling from one-dimensional signal processing are commonly used.
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