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2016 Annual Report - Modern Times Group
2016 Annual Report - Modern Times Group

... subscriber base grew to record new levels in 2016, and revenues were also boosted by higher prices for both our Viasat and Viaplay products as we added more premium content and functionality to both products, and enhanced the overall user experience. This was typified by our exclusive coverage of th ...
Arbitrage Opportunities
Arbitrage Opportunities

... into the arbitrage with some probability. An arbitrageur’s decision and her probability to participate under such conditions is dependent on the expected probability of participation of other competing arbitrageurs. Thus, we show that the efficiency of the market in eradicating mispricing depends on ...
Explaining Credit Default Swap Spreads with Equity Volatility and
Explaining Credit Default Swap Spreads with Equity Volatility and

... popular instrument in the rapidly growing credit derivatives markets, as a direct measure of credit default spreads. Compared with corporate bond spreads, which were widely used in previous studies in testing structural models, CDS spreads have two important advantages. First, CDS spread is a relati ...
Low volatility anomaly and mutual fund allocations - Aalto
Low volatility anomaly and mutual fund allocations - Aalto

... beta stocks experience lower absolute returns than suggested by the CAPM, whereas low beta stocks deliver higher absolute returns than the CAPM predicts. In other words, this means that the security market line which describes the relationship between risk and expected return was too flat relative t ...
Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior in Switzerland
Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior in Switzerland

Smart Beta - A referential guide for institutional investors
Smart Beta - A referential guide for institutional investors

... managers that either underperform or hit investment capacity constraints.” “One needs to draw a distinction between a factor and a risk premium, or more precisely, a ‘return premium,’” he says. “For example, selecting or weighting component securities by book yield, dividend yield or earnings yield ...
1 INVESTMENT: UNIT - 1 Investment involves making of a sacrifice
1 INVESTMENT: UNIT - 1 Investment involves making of a sacrifice

... financially strong companies which are usually the leaders in their industry. They are stable and matured companies. They pay good dividends regularly and the market price of the shares does not fluctuate widely. Examples are stocks of Colgate, Pond’s Hindustan Lever, TELCO, Mafatlal Industries etc. ...
Towards Efficient Benchmarks for Infrastructure Equity Investments
Towards Efficient Benchmarks for Infrastructure Equity Investments

... are relationship-specific i.e. they have little or no value outside of the contractual relationship in question, in particular, they have no value if they are not used. In this respect they are the opposite of real assets since they have no intrinsic value. From the relationship specificity of infra ...


trading portfolio - Drake University
trading portfolio - Drake University

Value at Risk - Drake University
Value at Risk - Drake University

... Fat Tails – Many securities have returns that are not normally distributed, they have “fat tails” This will cause an underestimation of the risk when a normal distribution is used. Do recent market events change the distribution? Risk Metrics weights recent observations higher when calculating stand ...
6.5 Loan Portfolio
6.5 Loan Portfolio

... Although these statements reflect management's current beliefs, they involve imprecisions and risks that are difficult to predict, and actual results and events may differ from those anticipated and discussed herein. These expectations depend materially on market conditions, Brazil’s economic perfor ...
notes to the financial statements
notes to the financial statements

... (45¤(KPCPEKCN+PUVTWOGPVU FRS 9 replaces FRS 139 – Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement in phases. It introduces a single model that has only two classification categories: amortised costs and fair value. All instruments are to be measured at fair value except for debt instruments ...
Market Consistent Embedded Value Report 2015
Market Consistent Embedded Value Report 2015

... and amended in October 2009. The projection of assets and liabilities applying market consistent economic assumptions ensures a consistent valuation among them. In addition, an explicit allowance is made for residual non-hedgeable risks, reflected in the calculation of the Solvency II risk margin. F ...
When managing the debt, Governments deal with the
When managing the debt, Governments deal with the

Page 1 of 1 REPL::Annual Reports and Related Documents:: 7/5
Page 1 of 1 REPL::Annual Reports and Related Documents:: 7/5

... paid for a Share will be determined by the Directors. The purchase price to be paid for the Shares as determined by the Directors, in the case of a Market Purchase and an Off-Market Purchase pursuant to an equal access scheme, must not exceed 105% of the Average Closing Price of the Shares, in eithe ...
Review of the method for estimating the Weighted Average Cost of
Review of the method for estimating the Weighted Average Cost of

NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Sergio Mayordomo Juan Ignacio Peña
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Sergio Mayordomo Juan Ignacio Peña

... Since the formation of the European Monetary Union (EMU henceforth) the topic of the determinants of the sovereign bonds’ yield spreads within the EMU has been the subject of intense and increasing research. Researchers have tried to find out which are the factors that explain the differences betwee ...
index of defined terms
index of defined terms

Form 424B4 CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP INC/RI
Form 424B4 CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP INC/RI

... information and statistics from various independent third-party sources, including independent industry publications, reports by market research firms and other independent sources. Nothing in the data used or derived from third-party sources should be construed as advice. The SNL Financial LC, or S ...
Whither Delaware? Limited Commitment and the Financial Value of
Whither Delaware? Limited Commitment and the Financial Value of

... between them. These twin agency problems both arise from the separation of ownership and control in the context of asymmetric information and incomplete contracts. Whereas the moral hazard problem focuses on potential conflicts of interest between managers and shareholders, the limited commitment pr ...
ARM Holdings plc - corporate
ARM Holdings plc - corporate

... “seeks”, “estimates”, “targets”, “consider” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results, ...
Bank of Nova Scotia: Proxy Circular
Bank of Nova Scotia: Proxy Circular

... delivering strong, consistent and predictable results to shareholders over the longer term. Our practices meet the model policy on “say on pay” for boards of directors developed by the Canadian Coalition for Good Governance (CCGG). You will be asked to vote on the following advisory resolution: Reso ...
Essays on Capital Structure Stability - cerge-ei
Essays on Capital Structure Stability - cerge-ei

... US savings and loan crisis in the 1980s and the dot-com bubble. However, neither of these crises caused deep recession or depression of production and investment in the economy as a whole. The financial sector was stabilized and continued growing after a funds infusion. So, neither crisis dramatical ...
Equity Valuation Using Sales Multiples
Equity Valuation Using Sales Multiples

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Systemic risk

In finance, systemic risk is the risk of collapse of an entire financial system or entire market, as opposed to risk associated with any one individual entity, group or component of a system, that can be contained therein without harming the entire system. It can be defined as ""financial system instability, potentially catastrophic, caused or exacerbated by idiosyncratic events or conditions in financial intermediaries"". It refers to the risks imposed by interlinkages and interdependencies in a system or market, where the failure of a single entity or cluster of entities can cause a cascading failure, which could potentially bankrupt or bring down the entire system or market. It is also sometimes erroneously referred to as ""systematic risk"".
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