Low EMI Isolation for Medical Equipment Applications
... isolators. To meet the requirements of IEC61000-4-9, the isolator must operate normally while subjected to the flux density versus frequency curve shown by the purple line at the bottom of the chart. Values at or above the purple line are acceptable, while values below the line are failures. The poi ...
... isolators. To meet the requirements of IEC61000-4-9, the isolator must operate normally while subjected to the flux density versus frequency curve shown by the purple line at the bottom of the chart. Values at or above the purple line are acceptable, while values below the line are failures. The poi ...
Single Phase Dual Full Bridge Bi-directional DC
... andβ, are not constant values, butdepend on f, B, and the waveform of the magnetic flux. Whena ferrite core is excited at 20 kHz, the eddy-current loss can bemuch smaller than the hysteresis loss. Thus, αis assumed tobe unity. The other exponent βusually ranges from 2.6 to 2.8.However, this paper ta ...
... andβ, are not constant values, butdepend on f, B, and the waveform of the magnetic flux. Whena ferrite core is excited at 20 kHz, the eddy-current loss can bemuch smaller than the hysteresis loss. Thus, αis assumed tobe unity. The other exponent βusually ranges from 2.6 to 2.8.However, this paper ta ...
Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 COL Application Part 2 — FSAR
... ranging from 69 kV to 500 kV. FPL maintains multiple direct interconnections with neighboring utilities. FPL also participates as a member of the Florida Reliability Coordinating Council and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation. The plant switchyard (Clear Sky substation) on the Turke ...
... ranging from 69 kV to 500 kV. FPL maintains multiple direct interconnections with neighboring utilities. FPL also participates as a member of the Florida Reliability Coordinating Council and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation. The plant switchyard (Clear Sky substation) on the Turke ...
Recommended Practice for Establishing Ground Potential Rise (GPR)
... The percent loss value is a function of the transformers capacity to produce rated power under full load conditions. The percent impedance should be converted to ohms per phase on either the high or low side of the transformer using the following formula: ZSOURCE ...
... The percent loss value is a function of the transformers capacity to produce rated power under full load conditions. The percent impedance should be converted to ohms per phase on either the high or low side of the transformer using the following formula: ZSOURCE ...
Consequences of the voltage stresses imposed on step
... Figure 1: Single Line Diagram of a Thermal Power Station a) Layout with Generator Circuit-Breaker b) Layout without Generator Circuit-Breaker (Unit Connection) In a power station equipped with a generator circuit-breaker (Figure 1a)) the generator is switched on and off by means of this circuit-brea ...
... Figure 1: Single Line Diagram of a Thermal Power Station a) Layout with Generator Circuit-Breaker b) Layout without Generator Circuit-Breaker (Unit Connection) In a power station equipped with a generator circuit-breaker (Figure 1a)) the generator is switched on and off by means of this circuit-brea ...
Inductor Selection for SEPIC Designs - Technical Note
... as the input voltage can be higher or lower than the output voltage. This presents obvious design advantages but for many engineers the circuit operation and component selection is a mystery, for those that understand the basics the addition of a coupled inductor is an added complication. This techn ...
... as the input voltage can be higher or lower than the output voltage. This presents obvious design advantages but for many engineers the circuit operation and component selection is a mystery, for those that understand the basics the addition of a coupled inductor is an added complication. This techn ...
AP3983(B,C,D) - Diodes Incorporated
... 3. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 4. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total B ...
... 3. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 4. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total B ...
Document
... residential loads, a two-stage DC-DC-AC grid-connected inverter is widely used due to its simple control. Proposed system: A QSB-based isolated step-up DC-DC converter was proposed in this paper. The proposed converter can operate in either short-circuit mode or open-circuit mode without causing any ...
... residential loads, a two-stage DC-DC-AC grid-connected inverter is widely used due to its simple control. Proposed system: A QSB-based isolated step-up DC-DC converter was proposed in this paper. The proposed converter can operate in either short-circuit mode or open-circuit mode without causing any ...
eet 3086 power transmission and distribution
... Introduction Overcurrent protection is often applied to protect three-phase induction motors against phase faults at the motor terminals, such as terminal short-circuits, terminal flashovers, etc. The current related to these faults is usually greater than any normal operating current of the motor. ...
... Introduction Overcurrent protection is often applied to protect three-phase induction motors against phase faults at the motor terminals, such as terminal short-circuits, terminal flashovers, etc. The current related to these faults is usually greater than any normal operating current of the motor. ...
Distribution Systems, Substations, and Integration of Distributed
... begin as the medium-voltage three-phase circuit, typically about 30–60 kV, and terminate at a lower secondary three- or single-phase voltage typically below 1 kV at the customer’s premise, usually at the meter. Distribution feeder circuits usually consist of overhead and underground circuits in a mi ...
... begin as the medium-voltage three-phase circuit, typically about 30–60 kV, and terminate at a lower secondary three- or single-phase voltage typically below 1 kV at the customer’s premise, usually at the meter. Distribution feeder circuits usually consist of overhead and underground circuits in a mi ...
Implementation of Control Center Based Voltage and Var
... energy losses from power plants to end users, is the last frontier for energy efficiency and demand management technology. Most of the energy loss occurring on the distribution system is the ohmic loss resulting from the electric current flowing through conductions made from aluminum or copper. The ...
... energy losses from power plants to end users, is the last frontier for energy efficiency and demand management technology. Most of the energy loss occurring on the distribution system is the ohmic loss resulting from the electric current flowing through conductions made from aluminum or copper. The ...
Interface Between Process Equipment And Process Bus for Light
... The most important challenge is to replace old successful and reliable protection relays with the newly born microprocessor based relays called intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). The IEC 61850 standard gives the novel ideas in its sub-clauses IEC 600448 and IEC 61850-9-2 about digital communicat ...
... The most important challenge is to replace old successful and reliable protection relays with the newly born microprocessor based relays called intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). The IEC 61850 standard gives the novel ideas in its sub-clauses IEC 600448 and IEC 61850-9-2 about digital communicat ...
Gas Insulated Switchgear
... 420 kV/550 kV 50 kA/63 kA There has been continuous demands for economic efficiency, compactness, high reliability, low operating cost & long operating life from GIS users. All these requirements are fulfilled by our switchgear type 550 SR for rated voltages up to 550 kV. The circuit breaker works o ...
... 420 kV/550 kV 50 kA/63 kA There has been continuous demands for economic efficiency, compactness, high reliability, low operating cost & long operating life from GIS users. All these requirements are fulfilled by our switchgear type 550 SR for rated voltages up to 550 kV. The circuit breaker works o ...
DC-DC Power Converter Design for Application in Welding Power
... controllers are presented for controlling a simple half bridge converter. Dynamic load response is evaluated and optimized under the double-loop controller. Results of the study prove a high feasibility for a simple low-cost converter for arc welding, the controls of which can be completely implemen ...
... controllers are presented for controlling a simple half bridge converter. Dynamic load response is evaluated and optimized under the double-loop controller. Results of the study prove a high feasibility for a simple low-cost converter for arc welding, the controls of which can be completely implemen ...
Introduction to Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) circuits
... utility voltage to fairly regulated 7.5 volts dc. Under the given condition it may not be difficult to see that the overall efficiency of this hybrid power supply will lie between that of a SMPS and a linear supply. The overall cost may or may not increase even though two supplies in tandem are used ...
... utility voltage to fairly regulated 7.5 volts dc. Under the given condition it may not be difficult to see that the overall efficiency of this hybrid power supply will lie between that of a SMPS and a linear supply. The overall cost may or may not increase even though two supplies in tandem are used ...
Transformer
A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Commonly, transformers are used to increase or decrease the voltages of alternating current in electric power applications.A varying current in the transformer's primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer core and a varying magnetic field impinging on the transformer's secondary winding. This varying magnetic field at the secondary winding induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in the secondary winding. Making use of Faraday's Law in conjunction with high magnetic permeability core properties, transformers can thus be designed to efficiently change AC voltages from one voltage level to another within power networks.Since the invention of the first constant potential transformer in 1885, transformers have become essential for the transmission, distribution, and utilization of alternating current electrical energy. A wide range of transformer designs are encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Transformers range in size from RF transformers less than a cubic centimeter in volume to units interconnecting the power grid weighing hundreds of tons.