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The total sum of squares is defined as
The total sum of squares is defined as

here - Wright State University
here - Wright State University

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Painless Unsupervised Learning with Features

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Model Selection and Adaptation of Hyperparameters

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... where Ti is the ith time value, Ci is the ith concentration value, n is the number of time values, and B is the baseline value. The area between the baseline and the curve is computed by this formula. The AUC should be calculated from zero to a time at which the concentration has returned to its reg ...
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... False. The text explains in section 12.5 that we need to at the residuals, the difference between the observed and the predicted data for each value of x. Look at the Normal Probability. The apparent clustering of the observations near the zero point, gradual spreading symmetrically as the Z values ...
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... inspection of relationship between those variables. We then measure its strength by computing a correlation coefficient if the scatter plot shows a linear relationship. Now one may want to fit a line on the scatter plot to summarize the overall pattern. This is done using a regression analysis. ...
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Posterior model probabilities via path-based

... the model posterior probabilities, Pb(Mj | Y), could be computed by any method for the visited models, but we propose a specific method – that meshes well with the search – in the next section. One difficulty is that all or none of the models visited could include a certain variable and, then, the ...
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Bayesian Networks: Learning from Data

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... query interface provides continuous feedback to users as the graphical query is formulated (http://www.spotfire.com). Other examples are the Magic Lens, which encodeseach operand of the query as filter [lo] and Pad ++, which provides smooth zooming in a system that can work with large datasets [3] ( ...
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Reporting the Results from a Simple Moderation Analysis

... significance, F(1, 203) = 0.73, p = .39, R2 = .002. Then you should drop the interaction term from the model, rerun the multiple regression, and report the results of that reduced model. If your interaction term has only one degree of freedom (which is typical), then R2 is sr2. Table 2 below illus ...
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Applied Econometrics Maximum Likelihood Estimation

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Predictive Subspace Clustering - ETH

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Unrestricted versus restricted factor analysis of multidimensional test

... arbitrary orthogonal solution, and, for the same data, all the unrestricted solutions will yield the same fit. A restricted solution, on the other hand, imposes restrictions on the whole factor space and cannot be obtained by a rotation of an unrestricted solution (Jöreskog, 1969). When testing a co ...
Lesson 11 - hedge fund analysis
Lesson 11 - hedge fund analysis

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Data assimilation

Data assimilation is the process by which observations are incorporated into a computer model of a real system. Applications of data assimilation arise in many fields of geosciences, perhaps most importantly in weather forecasting and hydrology. The most commonly used form of data assimilation proceeds by analysis cycles. In each analysis cycle, observations of the current (and possibly past) state of a system are combined with the results from a numerical model (the forecast) to produce an analysis, which is considered as 'the best' estimate of the current state of the system. This is called the analysis step. Essentially, the analysis step tries to balance the uncertainty in the data and in the forecast. The result may be the best estimate of the physical system, but it may not the best estimate of the model's incomplete representation of that system, so some filtering may be required. The model is then advanced in time and its result becomes the forecast in the next analysis cycle. As an alternative to analysis cycles, data assimilation can proceed by some sort of nudging process, where the model equations themselves are modified to add terms that continuously push the model towards observations.
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