Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) Modeling
... the collector by the strong (reverse) electric field. Since the current in the base is caused by carrier diffusion (in contrast to carrier drift) , the electric field in the base region is negligibly small. The collector current is proportional to the density of electrons in the base at the baseemit ...
... the collector by the strong (reverse) electric field. Since the current in the base is caused by carrier diffusion (in contrast to carrier drift) , the electric field in the base region is negligibly small. The collector current is proportional to the density of electrons in the base at the baseemit ...
experiment outlines - Brown University Wiki
... ways in which these entities behave; to focus the observations, a measurement of some specific property is made in each case. The experiments are duplications of classic determinations of fundamental constants. They utilize commercial equipment designed for the specific purpose, allow little scope f ...
... ways in which these entities behave; to focus the observations, a measurement of some specific property is made in each case. The experiments are duplications of classic determinations of fundamental constants. They utilize commercial equipment designed for the specific purpose, allow little scope f ...
P3.8.5.2 - LD Didactic
... precisely run along the zero line. Outside the capacitor areas the magnetic field of the Helmholtz pair of coils is not zero but it slowly increases. In that area the magnetic field cannot be compensated for by the electric field from the capacitor plates and this leads to a small deviation of the e ...
... precisely run along the zero line. Outside the capacitor areas the magnetic field of the Helmholtz pair of coils is not zero but it slowly increases. In that area the magnetic field cannot be compensated for by the electric field from the capacitor plates and this leads to a small deviation of the e ...
Electricity - LD Didactic
... in the electrode. Goldstein called these positive rays of ions canal rays, though they are also commonly called anode rays. They can be seen as a diffuse light in the space between the cathode and the screen on the glass. Ions striking the screen cause a slight fluorescence upon it. Both cathode ray ...
... in the electrode. Goldstein called these positive rays of ions canal rays, though they are also commonly called anode rays. They can be seen as a diffuse light in the space between the cathode and the screen on the glass. Ions striking the screen cause a slight fluorescence upon it. Both cathode ray ...
Photomultiplier
Photomultiplier tubes (photomultipliers or PMTs for short), members of the class of vacuum tubes, and more specifically vacuum phototubes, are extremely sensitive detectors of light in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. These detectors multiply the current produced by incident light by as much as 100 million times (i.e., 160 dB), in multiple dynode stages, enabling (for example) individual photons to be detected when the incident flux of light is very low. Unlike most vacuum tubes, they are not obsolete.The combination of high gain, low noise, high frequency response or, equivalently, ultra-fast response, and large area of collection has maintained photomultipliers an essential place in nuclear and particle physics, astronomy, medical diagnostics including blood tests, medical imaging, motion picture film scanning (telecine), radar jamming, and high-end image scanners known as drum scanners. Elements of photomultiplier technology, when integrated differently, are the basis of night vision devices.Semiconductor devices, particularly avalanche photodiodes, are alternatives to photomultipliers; however, photomultipliers are uniquely well-suited for applications requiring low-noise, high-sensitivity detection of light that is imperfectly collimated.