english syntax the simple sentence
... performance: the TG grammarians are interested not in the actual utterance of the speaker (which are a matter only of “performance”) but in what is linguistically possible, in what the speaker can say (his “competence”). The new grammar focused on two major problems: linguistic creativity and the le ...
... performance: the TG grammarians are interested not in the actual utterance of the speaker (which are a matter only of “performance”) but in what is linguistically possible, in what the speaker can say (his “competence”). The new grammar focused on two major problems: linguistic creativity and the le ...
Verb Tenses
... Here the action of the toddlers ("had been running") is ongoing in the past and precedes the actions of the teachers ("shooed") which also takes place in the past. We had been talking about repainting the front room for three years and last night we finally bought the paint. In this example, the ong ...
... Here the action of the toddlers ("had been running") is ongoing in the past and precedes the actions of the teachers ("shooed") which also takes place in the past. We had been talking about repainting the front room for three years and last night we finally bought the paint. In this example, the ong ...
Gerundive Complements in English: A Constraint
... gap is used to account for unbounded dependency constructions, which we are not concerned with in this paper.) Given the hierarchy (12), the type nonfinite-head-subject-construction is a subtype of the type clause and also a subtype of the type head-subject-phrase, and so it inherits all the propert ...
... gap is used to account for unbounded dependency constructions, which we are not concerned with in this paper.) Given the hierarchy (12), the type nonfinite-head-subject-construction is a subtype of the type clause and also a subtype of the type head-subject-phrase, and so it inherits all the propert ...
W16-2115 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... Since the time interval of the Old Hungarian period is more than 600 years, several linguistic phenomena were in permanent change during this period. That is one of the reasons behind the heterogeneity of Old Hungarian texts. For instance, the progress in which postpositions became verbal particles ...
... Since the time interval of the Old Hungarian period is more than 600 years, several linguistic phenomena were in permanent change during this period. That is one of the reasons behind the heterogeneity of Old Hungarian texts. For instance, the progress in which postpositions became verbal particles ...
The polysemy of -ize derivatives and the ModGreek
... bound stem -pió, an actual verb in Ancient Greek, does not satisfy all the senses of Jackendoff’s LCSs schema of the -ize derivatives. Instead, the second productive verbal suffix (equivalent to -ize) -`ono (e.g. spitono ‘put into a house’ in the sense of hospitalize is used. Finally, it will also b ...
... bound stem -pió, an actual verb in Ancient Greek, does not satisfy all the senses of Jackendoff’s LCSs schema of the -ize derivatives. Instead, the second productive verbal suffix (equivalent to -ize) -`ono (e.g. spitono ‘put into a house’ in the sense of hospitalize is used. Finally, it will also b ...
3. Moroccan Arabic - Hal-SHS
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
Island constraints and overgeneralization in language acquisition
... 2 Goldberg (1995: 169) discusses some apparent counterexamples. For example, one can say The owner ran his favourite horse (in the race) or Chris cut her hair at the salon (when, in fact, a hairdresser did the cutting). Goldberg analyses these as “conventionalized scenarios [that can be] cognitively ...
... 2 Goldberg (1995: 169) discusses some apparent counterexamples. For example, one can say The owner ran his favourite horse (in the race) or Chris cut her hair at the salon (when, in fact, a hairdresser did the cutting). Goldberg analyses these as “conventionalized scenarios [that can be] cognitively ...
simple and complex predicates
... In this chapter, the constructions which involve verbs and/or coverbs in predicative function are discussed. Verbs alone may function as simple predicates (§3.1). The combination of a verb and one or two unmarked coverbs in a single intonation unit will be referred to as ‘canonical complex verb’ (§3 ...
... In this chapter, the constructions which involve verbs and/or coverbs in predicative function are discussed. Verbs alone may function as simple predicates (§3.1). The combination of a verb and one or two unmarked coverbs in a single intonation unit will be referred to as ‘canonical complex verb’ (§3 ...
These notes accompany the Podcast lesson that you can
... Brazil. College campuses rarely have what North Americans identify as lawns. As such, there isn't a tradition of going outside to sit on the lawn. ...
... Brazil. College campuses rarely have what North Americans identify as lawns. As such, there isn't a tradition of going outside to sit on the lawn. ...
Grammar Script - Sprachenzentrum der Universität Bayreuth
... To be about to + infinitive and to be on the point of + gerund are used to express actions or events which are expected to occur in the immediate future: I'm in a hurry - the concert is about to start. They are on the point of leaving - if you hurry you'll still catch them. ...
... To be about to + infinitive and to be on the point of + gerund are used to express actions or events which are expected to occur in the immediate future: I'm in a hurry - the concert is about to start. They are on the point of leaving - if you hurry you'll still catch them. ...
English
... PARAMETER is commonly a stative verb (and less frequently active verbs and adverbs) with the COMPAREE as subject. Although the INDEX can be zero, its presence frequently ensures a comparative reading with active verbs, where it can even have two exponents (in the verbal morphology and as an adverb). ...
... PARAMETER is commonly a stative verb (and less frequently active verbs and adverbs) with the COMPAREE as subject. Although the INDEX can be zero, its presence frequently ensures a comparative reading with active verbs, where it can even have two exponents (in the verbal morphology and as an adverb). ...
Slide 1
... Practise writing down what you have learned for your speaking exam. Write short paragraphs on each of the topics ...
... Practise writing down what you have learned for your speaking exam. Write short paragraphs on each of the topics ...
Classical Latin textbook - Preface, Introduction
... use your knowledge of English to identify the meaning of many Latin words. This Latinate aspect of English will also make it easier for you to remember the Latin vocabulary once you have studied it. ...
... use your knowledge of English to identify the meaning of many Latin words. This Latinate aspect of English will also make it easier for you to remember the Latin vocabulary once you have studied it. ...
ADJECTIVES
... comparative, and the superlative. (Actually, only the comparative and superlative show degrees.) We use the comparative for comparing two things and the superlative for comparing three or more things. Notice that the word than frequently accompanies the comparative and the word the precedes the supe ...
... comparative, and the superlative. (Actually, only the comparative and superlative show degrees.) We use the comparative for comparing two things and the superlative for comparing three or more things. Notice that the word than frequently accompanies the comparative and the word the precedes the supe ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... 2, these additional accusatives can occur in positions in which normal direct objects are not allowed. Even more, this also holds the other way around: not only can additional accusatives occur in positions in which normal direct objects cannot occur, it also seems that additional accusatives canno ...
... 2, these additional accusatives can occur in positions in which normal direct objects are not allowed. Even more, this also holds the other way around: not only can additional accusatives occur in positions in which normal direct objects cannot occur, it also seems that additional accusatives canno ...
Motion events can be segmented into several components
... counterintuitive at first. However, this is due to the possibility in S-languages to express multiple path elements within a single clause. We have seen this in (1), where three path expressions can be combined with a single manner verb. To translate this sentence to a V-language, two or three path ...
... counterintuitive at first. However, this is due to the possibility in S-languages to express multiple path elements within a single clause. We have seen this in (1), where three path expressions can be combined with a single manner verb. To translate this sentence to a V-language, two or three path ...
3. Moroccan Arabic - Hal-SHS
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
The grammaticalisation of modal auxiliaries in Maltese - Hal-SHS
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
... The grammaticalisation processes of modal auxiliaries in Arabic vernaculars have rarely been a key issue of studies among specialists of these languages. Moreover, different theoretical frameworks and terminologies have been used, and the descriptions and analyses are far from being developed to the ...
How report verbs become quote markers and complementisers*
... that the ‘semantic bleaching’, which crucially involves loss of argument structure, is caused by a mismatch between linguistic levels - here between surface syntax and lexical argument structure. The mismatch involves a violation of universal constraints on ‘Semantic Transparency’ and ‘Structural Si ...
... that the ‘semantic bleaching’, which crucially involves loss of argument structure, is caused by a mismatch between linguistic levels - here between surface syntax and lexical argument structure. The mismatch involves a violation of universal constraints on ‘Semantic Transparency’ and ‘Structural Si ...
Mixed (Non)veridicality and mood choice with emotive verbs
... Be.1SG.PRES happy that you be.2S.SUBJ/be.2SG.IND here. I am happy that you are here. ...
... Be.1SG.PRES happy that you be.2S.SUBJ/be.2SG.IND here. I am happy that you are here. ...
This chapter makes theoretical contributions to construction grammar
... combinations. It may be that a grammatical system based on word order is inherently harder to handle in the framework of construction grammar, but this issue goes beyond the scope of our article, which focuses on Russian rather than English. A highly inflected language, such as Russian, clearly mark ...
... combinations. It may be that a grammatical system based on word order is inherently harder to handle in the framework of construction grammar, but this issue goes beyond the scope of our article, which focuses on Russian rather than English. A highly inflected language, such as Russian, clearly mark ...
Infinitive Clauses: Tensed or Untensed
... 2. Types of Infinitive Clauses: 2-1 'To' infinitive Clauses A form of verb, which consists of the particle 'to' followed by a verb in its root form. It is this particle which marks the infinitive phrase or clause (Bloomfield 1930: 268). So every verb preceded by the particle 'to' is either a 'to' in ...
... 2. Types of Infinitive Clauses: 2-1 'To' infinitive Clauses A form of verb, which consists of the particle 'to' followed by a verb in its root form. It is this particle which marks the infinitive phrase or clause (Bloomfield 1930: 268). So every verb preceded by the particle 'to' is either a 'to' in ...
Improving Verb Phrase Extraction from Historical Text by use of Verb
... rather high. The same argument holds for prepositional phrases containing the expected preposition to form a prepositional complement, and for prepositions or adverbials identical to a particle expected by the valency frame of the head verb. For direct and indirect objects on the other hand, even if ...
... rather high. The same argument holds for prepositional phrases containing the expected preposition to form a prepositional complement, and for prepositions or adverbials identical to a particle expected by the valency frame of the head verb. For direct and indirect objects on the other hand, even if ...
Necessitative passive This TV needs fixing. The Department of English
... main verb. The undergoer-orientation further indicates that there is an actor, although it is not overtly expressed. It is obvious that there is a causer-causee relationship (or force-dynmaic alternation, cf. Croft 1991) in both the necessitative passive and the be-passive. So the causation involved ...
... main verb. The undergoer-orientation further indicates that there is an actor, although it is not overtly expressed. It is obvious that there is a causer-causee relationship (or force-dynmaic alternation, cf. Croft 1991) in both the necessitative passive and the be-passive. So the causation involved ...