An Educational Resource for Visualizing the Global Seismic Wave
... In global wave propagation, SH-wave motion in an isotropic medium provides the simplest case to describe. We compute the wave field using the SHaxi technique (Jahnke et al., 2008). The SHaxi method is an axi-symmetric finite-difference (FD) technique. Velocities are input on a 2D grid, and the grid ...
... In global wave propagation, SH-wave motion in an isotropic medium provides the simplest case to describe. We compute the wave field using the SHaxi technique (Jahnke et al., 2008). The SHaxi method is an axi-symmetric finite-difference (FD) technique. Velocities are input on a 2D grid, and the grid ...
How Did Early Earth Become Our Modern World?
... Modern planetary accumulation models (Thommes et al. 2003, Chambers 2004) predict that Earth likely formed from the accumulation of a mixture of a large number of small (tens to hundreds of kilometers in diameter) planetesimals and a smaller number, but possibly a larger mass proportion, of Moon- to ...
... Modern planetary accumulation models (Thommes et al. 2003, Chambers 2004) predict that Earth likely formed from the accumulation of a mixture of a large number of small (tens to hundreds of kilometers in diameter) planetesimals and a smaller number, but possibly a larger mass proportion, of Moon- to ...
An introduction to the special issue of Earth and Planetary Science
... the Cascadia subduction zone. A notable feature of their model is a high-conductivity feature in the forearc that is consistent with the release of fluids into the overlying crust from dehydration reactions in the slab. Two complementary papers in the special issue (Bedrosian and Feucht, 2014; Meqbel ...
... the Cascadia subduction zone. A notable feature of their model is a high-conductivity feature in the forearc that is consistent with the release of fluids into the overlying crust from dehydration reactions in the slab. Two complementary papers in the special issue (Bedrosian and Feucht, 2014; Meqbel ...
2. Quantity and distribution of terrestrial radioactivity
... Typical terrestrial ratios of these elements (Th/U≈4 and K/U≈104) project dominant contributions to radiogenic heating from uranium and thorium, with potassium supplying the bulk of the remainder [8]. Intimately related to terrestrial radiogenic heating is the flux of geo-neutrinos [9]. Beta decays ...
... Typical terrestrial ratios of these elements (Th/U≈4 and K/U≈104) project dominant contributions to radiogenic heating from uranium and thorium, with potassium supplying the bulk of the remainder [8]. Intimately related to terrestrial radiogenic heating is the flux of geo-neutrinos [9]. Beta decays ...
What Is the Effect of Microgravity on the Development Rate of Murine
... Due to the variability of measurement, the team determined that there were no significant differences between the two samples, thus concluded that microgravity does not have an effect on murine myoblast development. There were no significant differences in the glucose intake levels between the sampl ...
... Due to the variability of measurement, the team determined that there were no significant differences between the two samples, thus concluded that microgravity does not have an effect on murine myoblast development. There were no significant differences in the glucose intake levels between the sampl ...
Geodetic measurement of the local elastic response to the Michael Bevis
... response at ANTC to global and regional patterns of environmental loading (as well as any local loading other than that produced by the lake). Because there have not, until very recently, been any other continuous GPS stations located in this part of Chile, we cannot estimate this third mode of defo ...
... response at ANTC to global and regional patterns of environmental loading (as well as any local loading other than that produced by the lake). Because there have not, until very recently, been any other continuous GPS stations located in this part of Chile, we cannot estimate this third mode of defo ...
Earthquakes By Steven and Amanda
... WHAT CAUSES EARTHQUAKES? As tectonic plates move against each other, stress builds up along the faults. Rocks may change, which is a process called deformation (the change in the shape of rock in response to stress). In some circumstances, elastic rebound (the sudden return of elastically formed ro ...
... WHAT CAUSES EARTHQUAKES? As tectonic plates move against each other, stress builds up along the faults. Rocks may change, which is a process called deformation (the change in the shape of rock in response to stress). In some circumstances, elastic rebound (the sudden return of elastically formed ro ...
also available online
... conventional orbiter needs to get into a 160-km altitude orbit. The launch velocity (7.954 km/sec) produces an ellipse whose apogee is at an altitude of 160 km. Circular orbit velocity is 7.808 km/sec, so the orbiter needs an additional 0.05 km/sec (or 50 meters/sec) of delta V. The trapeze end of t ...
... conventional orbiter needs to get into a 160-km altitude orbit. The launch velocity (7.954 km/sec) produces an ellipse whose apogee is at an altitude of 160 km. Circular orbit velocity is 7.808 km/sec, so the orbiter needs an additional 0.05 km/sec (or 50 meters/sec) of delta V. The trapeze end of t ...
Presentation - School of Earth and Environment
... the fault is a normal fault. Remember: If the fault is vertical or dips towards the downthrow side, it is a normal fault. If the fault plane dips in the opposite direction to the downthrow (i.e. Toward the upthrow side) it is a reversed fault. ...
... the fault is a normal fault. Remember: If the fault is vertical or dips towards the downthrow side, it is a normal fault. If the fault plane dips in the opposite direction to the downthrow (i.e. Toward the upthrow side) it is a reversed fault. ...
a post-Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory reassessment
... Several global crustal thickness models were constructed following the revision of the Apollo seismic results. Wieczorek et al. [24] obtained an average crustal thickness of 53 km using the 45 km seismic constraint at the Apollo 12 and 14 landing sites. From a joint seismic and global crustal thickn ...
... Several global crustal thickness models were constructed following the revision of the Apollo seismic results. Wieczorek et al. [24] obtained an average crustal thickness of 53 km using the 45 km seismic constraint at the Apollo 12 and 14 landing sites. From a joint seismic and global crustal thickn ...
The Earth`s Shells, A. Thicknesses and Densities
... overall average density of the Earth. We cannot calculate the overall average density as the simple average of the shell densities. The mantle is much larger than the crust, for example, and so the density of the mantle contributes much more to the density of the earth than the density of the crust ...
... overall average density of the Earth. We cannot calculate the overall average density as the simple average of the shell densities. The mantle is much larger than the crust, for example, and so the density of the mantle contributes much more to the density of the earth than the density of the crust ...
Background for Terrestrial Antineutrino Investigations: Radionuclide
... state determines not only the relative mass of the core, but the elements the core contains. Highly reduced matter, like that of the Abee enstatite chondrite and the endo-Earth, was separated from primordial solar gases under conditions that severely limited the oxygen content (Herndon & Suess 1976 ...
... state determines not only the relative mass of the core, but the elements the core contains. Highly reduced matter, like that of the Abee enstatite chondrite and the endo-Earth, was separated from primordial solar gases under conditions that severely limited the oxygen content (Herndon & Suess 1976 ...
Moving Mount Spokane
... The engineers in the I Dig It Company of Spokane recently designed a new conveyor belt that can move 9000 cubic yards of earth per hour. Since this sounds like a great quantity of earth that could be moved in a day, week or month, we were wondering how long it would take to move Mt. Spokane! You hav ...
... The engineers in the I Dig It Company of Spokane recently designed a new conveyor belt that can move 9000 cubic yards of earth per hour. Since this sounds like a great quantity of earth that could be moved in a day, week or month, we were wondering how long it would take to move Mt. Spokane! You hav ...
2.1 Gravity and the gravity field of the Earth
... Eratosthenes in the third century B.C. using the observations shown in the sketch of Figure 2.1.3. This was arguably the first geophysical measurement. ...
... Eratosthenes in the third century B.C. using the observations shown in the sketch of Figure 2.1.3. This was arguably the first geophysical measurement. ...
SED312 - National Open University of Nigeria
... (GTS) is a system of “Chronological Measurement” that relates stratigraphy to time and is used by geologists, paleontologists and other earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout earth’s history. The table spans presented have nomenclature, ...
... (GTS) is a system of “Chronological Measurement” that relates stratigraphy to time and is used by geologists, paleontologists and other earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout earth’s history. The table spans presented have nomenclature, ...
Earth as a Planet
... imaginary line is called an axis. Earth spins around its axis, just as a top spins around its spindle. This spinning movement is called Earth’s rotation. An observer in space will see that Earth requires 23 hours, 59 minutes, and 4 seconds to make one complete rotation on its axis. But because Earth ...
... imaginary line is called an axis. Earth spins around its axis, just as a top spins around its spindle. This spinning movement is called Earth’s rotation. An observer in space will see that Earth requires 23 hours, 59 minutes, and 4 seconds to make one complete rotation on its axis. But because Earth ...
Ground rotations
... Currently there are two types of measurements that are routinely used to monitor global and regional seismic wave fields. Standard inertial seismometers measure three components of translational ground displacement (velocity, acceleration) and form the basis for monitoring seismic activity and ground ...
... Currently there are two types of measurements that are routinely used to monitor global and regional seismic wave fields. Standard inertial seismometers measure three components of translational ground displacement (velocity, acceleration) and form the basis for monitoring seismic activity and ground ...
stars - astro
... What causes this apparent change in positions? Do all stars appear in different positions at different times of the year? Why is Polaris the only star that appears “fixed”? Earth’s axis points to Polaris ...
... What causes this apparent change in positions? Do all stars appear in different positions at different times of the year? Why is Polaris the only star that appears “fixed”? Earth’s axis points to Polaris ...
Geophysical Applicability of Atomic Clocks
... positioned one meter above the sea level will beat faster that one at sea level by about 40 seconds in the life-time of the universe. In 2010, Chou et al. measured the different tick rate of two optical atomic clocks that were displaced horizontally by 33 cm. ...
... positioned one meter above the sea level will beat faster that one at sea level by about 40 seconds in the life-time of the universe. In 2010, Chou et al. measured the different tick rate of two optical atomic clocks that were displaced horizontally by 33 cm. ...
Tidal acceleration
Tidal acceleration is an effect of the tidal forces between an orbiting natural satellite (e.g. the Moon), and the primary planet that it orbits (e.g. Earth). The acceleration causes a gradual recession of a satellite in a prograde orbit away from the primary, and a corresponding slowdown of the primary's rotation. The process eventually leads to tidal locking of the smaller first, and later the larger body. The Earth–Moon system is the best studied case.The similar process of tidal deceleration occurs for satellites that have an orbital period that is shorter than the primary's rotational period, or that orbit in a retrograde direction.The naming is somewhat confusing, because the speed of the satellite relative to the body it orbits is decreased as a result of tidal acceleration, and increased as a result of tidal deceleration.