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The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Lesson Plans
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Goals of the Lesson:
Cognitive: Students will be able to list the primary functions of the muscular system. They will be able to describe the
connective tissues and microscopic components of skeletal muscle tissue. Students will be able to identify the parts of
the neuromuscular junction. They will be able to explain the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction and
describe the steps of muscle contraction. Students will be able to describe concepts related to energy sources for
muscle contraction, oxygen debt, muscle fatigue, threshold stimulus, and all-or-none response. They will be able to
explain twitch, tetanic, isotonic, and isometric contractions. Students will be able to define origin and insertion and
describe the role of group actions in producing movement. They will be able to identify the primary muscles on the
basis of their locations, origins, insertions, and actions.
Motor: N/A
Affective: N/A
Learning Objectives:
The lesson plan for each objective starts on the page shown below.
7-1
Indicate the primary functions of muscles. .................................................................................................................. 3
7-2
Describe the connective tissues associated with muscle. ............................................................................................. 4
7-3
Identify and describe the microscopic components of skeletal muscle tissue. ............................................................ 5
7-4
Identify the parts of the neuromuscular junction. ........................................................................................................ 7
7-5
Explain the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction. ................................................................................. 9
7-6
Describe in their proper order of occurrence the events leading to muscle contraction. ............................................. 10
7-7
Indicate the roles of ATP in muscle contraction and how this energy is supplied....................................................... 13
7-8
Describe the oxygen debt and muscle fatigue.............................................................................................................. 14
7-9
Define threshold stimulus, and relate it to the concept of the all-or-none response. ................................................... 17
7-10
Compare twitch, tetanic, isotonic, and isometric contractions..................................................................................... 18
7-11
Define origin and insertion, and describe the role of group actions in producing movement. .................................... 20
7-12
Identify the primary muscles on the basis of their locations, origins, insertions, and actions. .................................... 21
Page 1
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Selected Key Terms
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
aponeurosis
fascia
isometric contraction
isotonic contraction
motor neuron
motor unit
muscle fiber
muscle twitch
myofibril
neuromuscular
junction
neurotransmitter
sarcolemma
sarcomere
sarcoplasmic reticulum
tendon
tetanic contraction
transverse tubules
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
You Will Need:
Gather the following materials and teaching aids for the following lessons:
7-2
Unlabeled copies of Figure 7-1 for each student
7-4
Unlabeled copies of Figures 7-5 and 7-6 for each student
7-6
Computer and digital projector
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 2
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-1
Indicate the primary functions of muscles.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
 The Big Picture
 600 muscles in body
 40%-50% of body weight
 Composed mainly of skeletal
muscle tissue
 Specialized to contract
 Primary functions of the
muscular system
o Movement
o Support
o Heat production
 Byproduct of
movement
Text
page
155–
156
PPt
slide
1–5
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
N/A
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
N/A
Materials
N/A
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, for the introduction
on p. 134 of the Student
Notebook.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 3
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-2
Describe the connective tissues associated with muscle.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
 Connective tissues of muscle
 Fascia
o Superficial
o Deep
 Epimysium (outer)
 Perimysium (middle)
 Endomysium (inner)
o Tendon
 Connects muscle to
bone
 Forms
 Single band
 Aponeurosis (broad
sheet)
o Loose connective tissue
o Adipose tissue
Text
page
156–
157
PPt
slide
6–9
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-1: Muscle structure
p. 157, PPt 7
7-2: Tendon repair surgery
p. 158, PPt 9
Boxes
Health Clinic: Tendon
Injuries
p. 158
Tables
N/A
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Have students pair off.
Hand out unlabeled copies
of Figure 7-1. Ask the
students in each pair to
quiz each other on the
identity of the structures
shown in this figure and to
work together to label the
parts. When the students
have completed this, show
the PowerPoint slide (7)
containing this figure and
identify the structures and
their parts.
Materials
Unlabeled copies of Figure
7-1 for each student
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 4
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-3.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-3
Identify and describe the microscopic components of skeletal muscle tissue.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
 Microscopic Structure of Muscle 157–
159
 Muscle cell (muscle fiber)
o Long, cylindrical
o Multi-nucleate
o Sarcolemma: cell
membrane of a muscle cell
o Sarcoplasm: cytoplasm of
a muscle cell
o Mitochondria
o Sarcoplasmic reticulum:
membranous sac similar to
endoplasmic reticulum
 Stores calcium
o Transverse tubules
 Form channels between
sarcoplasm &
sarcoplasmic reticulum
 Enable ions to flow
o Myofibrils: cylindrical
cords of protein that make
up muscle fiber
 Thick filaments
(myosin; cross bridges)
 Thin filaments (actin,
troponin, &
tropomyosin)
 A band (dark)
 H zone
 I band (light)
PPt
slide
10–14
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-3: The filaments of the
myofibril
p. 159, PPt 11
7-4: The sarcomere
p. 160, PPt 14
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Boxes
Health Clinic: Muscle
Hypertrophy and Disuse
Atrophy
p. 161
Tables
N/A
Page 5
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
N/A
Materials
N/A
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students write
responses to the Concept
Check questions for this
section.
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, and complete the
Review Time section for
Concept 1: Muscle
Structure on pp. 135–139
of the Student Notebook.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
 Z lines
 Sarcomere
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 6
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-4
Identify the parts of the neuromuscular junction.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
159–
 Nerve Supply
161
 Motor neuron: a nerve cell
that transmits nerve impulses
to stimulate muscle
contraction
 Synaptic knobs: enlarged
distal ends of motor neuron
that form junction with
muscle fiber
 Motor unit: functional unit
of a single motor neuron, its
terminal branches, & all
muscle fibers it stimulates
 Motor end plate: area of
sarcolemma near where
motor neuron & each muscle
fiber communicate
 Synaptic cleft: a small fluidfilled gap between the
synaptic knob of a motor
neuron & muscle fiber
 Neuromuscular junction:
the site of communication
between motor neuron &
muscle fiber, including
synaptic knob, motor end
plate, & synaptic cleft
 Synaptic vesicles: tiny sacs
in cytoplasm of motor neuron
at terminal end that contain
PPt
slide
15–18
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-5: The motor unit
p. 160, PPt 16
7-6: The neuromuscular
junction
p. 161, PPt 18
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Page 7
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Have students pair off.
Hand out unlabeled copies
of Figures 7-5 and 7-6.
Ask the students in each
pair to quiz each other on
the identity of the
structures shown in these
figures and to work
together to label the parts.
When the students have
completed this, show the
PowerPoint slides (16 &
18) containing these
figures and identify the
structures and their parts.
Materials
Unlabeled copies of
Figures 7-5 and 7-6 for
each student
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-8.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
transmitter Ach
 Neurotransmitter: a
chemical that transmits
information from 1 neuron to
another or to a muscle
 Steps of transmission
o Nerve impulse arrives at
terminal end of motor
neuron & stimulates
release of ACh
o ACh diffuses across
synaptic cleft & binds
with receptors in motor
end plate of muscle fiber
o Binding triggers
contraction sequence of
muscle fiber
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 8
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-5
Explain the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
 Physiology of Muscle
Contraction
 Sliding filament mechanism
o Explains how an
individual muscle fiber
contracts
o Thin filaments slide
inward toward H zones
o Each sarcomere along
length of myofibril
shortens
o All myofibrils shortening
simultaneously causes
muscle fiber to shorten
o Muscle contracts
Text
page
162
PPt
slide
19
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
N/A
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 9
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
N/A
Materials
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-8.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
N/A
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-6
Describe in their proper order of occurrence the events leading to muscle contraction.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
162–
 Events Leading to Muscle
164
Contraction
 Muscle fiber at rest
o Calcium ions stored in
sarcoplasmic reticulum
(SR)
o ATP bound to thick
filaments
o Thin filaments intact & all
3 proteins are bound
tightly
o Fiber is ready to contract
 Role of stimulus
o ACh released into
synaptic cleft
o ACh binds to receptors on
motor end plate
o Impulse is generated &
travels:
 Along sarcolemma
 Down T tubule
membranes
 Through SR
o SR membrane becomes
permeable to calcium ions
o Calcium ions released into
sarcoplasm & diffuse to
myofibrils
 Muscle contraction
o Calcium ions bind to
PPt
slide
19–24
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-7: The sliding filament
mechanism of contraction
p. 163, PPt 24
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Page 10
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
Animation on companion
website: Muscle
Contraction
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Show the animation,
Muscle Contraction, to the
class, using a computer
and digital projector.
Materials
Computer and digital
projector
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-8.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
troponin molecules in thin
filaments
o Actin & troponin
molecules change shape
o Actin binding sites are
exposed
o Myosin heads bind to
actin sites, coupling
o Calcium ions activate
breakdown of ATP
o Energy is released &
pivots myosin head
(power stroke)
o Thin filament shifts
toward center of
sarcomere
o Myosin head breaks initial
bond with actin site &
forms new one closer to
center of sarcomere
o Cycle of coupling between
thin & thick filaments,
power stroke, &
attachment repeats
o Sarcomere shortens
o Myofibril shortens
o Muscle fiber contracts
 Rigor mortis: sustained
muscle contraction of body
after death
 Return to rest
o Nerve impulse stops
o ACh release stops
o Remaining ACh is
inactivated by enzyme
o Calcium ions return to SR
by enzymes via active
transport
o Thin filaments resume
original shape
Page 11
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
o Actin sites are covered
o Thin filaments slide back
to original position
o Muscle fiber relaxes
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 12
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-7
Indicate the roles of ATP in muscle contraction and how this energy is supplied.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
 Energy for Contraction
 3 Most direct uses of energy
o Power stroke
o Detachment of myosin
heads from thin filaments
o Enzymatic return of
calcium ions to SR
 ATP
o Immediate source of
energy in the body
o Stored in muscle fiber at
rest
o Used up in seconds
 Creatine phosphate
o Can be broken down to
quickly regenerate ATP
o Can fuel contraction for
up to 15 seconds
 Other sources that regenerate
ATP, in order of use
o Glucose
o Glycogen
o Lipids
Text
page
164
PPt
slide
25–26
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
N/A
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 13
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
N/A
Materials
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-8.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
N/A
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-8
Describe the oxygen debt and muscle fatigue.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
164–
 Metabolism and Fitness
 Metabolism: management of 166
energy by cell
 Catabolism: breakdown of
molecules to release energy
o Cellular respiration:
breakdown of glucose by
enzymes in mitochondria
o Aerobic respiration
 Use of oxygen during
cellular respiration
 First means of
providing energy
o Anaerobic respiration
 Cellular respiration
without oxygen
 Used when oxygen is
depleted
 Less efficient
 Produces lactic acid
 Anabolism: creation of new
molecules using energy
 Myoglobin
o A protein in muscle tissue
that binds to oxygen &
stores it until needed
 Oxygen debt
o The additional oxygen
needed to restore all
PPt
slide
27–31
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
N/A
Boxes
Health Clinic: The Effect
of Exercise on Muscle
p. 165
Tables
7-1: Comparison of
Muscle Tissues
p. 166, PPt 31
Page 14
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Have students pair off and
quiz each other on their
knowledge of the three
types of muscle tissue,
using Table 7-1 as a
reference.
Materials
N/A
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students write
responses to the Concept
Check questions for this
section.
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, and complete the
Review Time section for
Concept 2: Physiology of
Muscle Contraction on pp.
140–145 of the Student
Notebook.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
systems to normal states
 High level of fitness
o Reduces rate of lactic acid
production
o Increases storage capacity
of oxygen
o Delays metabolic switch
to anaerobic respiration
 Muscle fatigue: inability of a
muscle to contract normally
 Cramp: spasmodic
contraction of a muscle
without relaxing
 Comparing Muscle Tissues
 Skeletal muscle tissue
o Attached to skeleton
o Voluntary control
o Long, cylindrical fibers
o Striated
o Most rapid contraction
o Strongest contraction
o Most rapid onset of
fatigue
 Smooth muscle tissue
o In walls of hollow organs
o Involuntary control
o Spindle-shaped fibers
o No striations
o Slowest contraction
o Weakest contraction
o Intermediate speed of
onset of fatigue
 Cardiac muscle tissue
o In wall of heart
o Involuntary contraction
o Rectangular, branching
fibers
o Striated
o Intermediate speed of
Page 15
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
contraction
o Intermediate strength of
contraction
o Least rapid onset of
fatigue
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 16
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-9
Define threshold stimulus, and relate it to the concept of the all-or-none response.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
167
 Muscle Mechanics
 All-or-none response
o A muscle fiber either
contracts all the way or
not at all
o Threshold stimulus:
weakest stimulus that can
initiate a contraction
o All muscle fibers
innervated by one motor
neuron contract
simultaneously when
stimulus threshold is
reached
o Only as many motor units
are recruited as needed to
meet the force required
o Recruitment: adding of
motor units as stimulus
strength increases
o Thus, we can vary the
strength of muscle
contractions
o The greater the # of motor
units stimulated, the
greater the strength of
contractions
PPt
slide
32
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
N/A
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 17
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
N/A
Materials
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
The Concept Check
questions and Student
Notebook exercises that
cover this section are
assigned in Objective 7-10.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
N/A
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-10
Compare twitch, tetanic, isotonic, and isometric contractions.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
167–
 Measuring Muscle Contraction
168
 Twitch contraction
o A rapid response to a
single stimulus that is
slightly over threshold
o Lasts 1/10th of a second
before muscle fiber
returns to rest
 Myogram: a graph that
measures a contraction
o Latent period: time delay
of contraction after
stimulus is applied
o Period of contraction:
phase in which muscle
fiber increases in tension
as sarcomeres shorten
o Period of relaxation:
muscle fiber returns to
original length
PPt
slide
33–37
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-8: A myogram
p. 167, PPt 34
7-9: Types of muscle
contractions
p. 168, PPt 36
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
In-Class Activities
Boxes
N/A
N/A
Materials
Tables
N/A
 Sustained Muscle Contraction
 Summation
o Combining of twitches
due to shortened time
interval between stimuli
o Increases total force of
contraction
 Tetanic contraction
o A contraction of maximal
Page 18
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
N/A
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students write
responses to the Concept
Check questions for this
section.
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, and complete the
Review Time section for
Concept 3: Muscle
Mechanics on pp. 146–149
of the Student Notebook.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
force
 Complete tetanus
o A fusion of twitches
resulting from many
stimuli
o Provides a forceful,
sustained contraction
o Provides usual means of
body movement
o Provides muscle tone (a
series of sustained
contractions by a small #
of fibers)
 Isotonic and Isometric
Contractions
 Tension: the force exerted by
a muscle contraction
 Isotonic contraction
o Produces movement
 Isometric contraction
o Produces tension but no
movement
o Muscle does not shorten
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 19
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-11
Define origin and insertion, and describe the role of group actions in producing movement.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
169
 Production of Movement
 Origin & insertion
o Origin: a muscle’s point
of attachment to the more
stationary bone
o Insertion: a muscle’s
point of attachment to the
more movable bone
o Muscle contraction causes
movement when insertion
is pulled toward origin
 Group action: coordinated
response of a group of
muscles to bring about a body
movement
 Muscle roles in a group
action
o Agonist: prime mover
o Antagonist: must relax to
perform action
o Synergist: assists agonist
in performing action
o Fixator: stabilizes origin
of prime mover
o Example: biceps & triceps
PPt
slide
38–40
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-10: Origin and insertion
of a muscle
p. 169, PPt 39
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
Boxes
N/A
Tables
N/A
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
Page 20
Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
In-Class Activities
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students write
responses to the Concept
Check questions for this
section.
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, and complete the
Review Time section for
Concept 4: Production of
Movement on p. 149 of the
Student Notebook.
Have the class form groups
of three or four. Assign
each group five different
muscles. Have each group
identify and write down
the origin, insertion,
Have students complete
antagonist, synergist, and
one or two of the student
fixator for each of their
activities associated with
five muscles, referring to
Chapter 7 on the
Tables 7-2 through 7-8.
companion website.
When they are done, have
each group share its results
with the class.
Evaluation
N/A
Materials
N/A
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
Objective 7-12
Identify the primary muscles on the basis of their locations, origins, insertions, and actions.
Date:
Lecture Outline
Content
 Muscles of the Head and Neck
 Muscles of facial expression
o Frontalis
o Occipitalis
o Orbicularis oculi
o Orbicularis oris
o Buccinator
o Zygomaticus
 Muscles of mastication
o Masseter
o Temporalis
 A muscle moving the head
o Sternocleidomastoid
 Muscles Moving the Pectoral
Girdle and Trunk
 Anterior muscles
o Pectoralis major
o Pectoralis minor
o Deltoid
o Serratus anterior
o Subscapularis
o Rectus abdominis
o External oblique
o Internal oblique
o Transverse abdominis
o External intercostals
o Internal intercostals
 Posterior muscles
o Trapezius
Text
page
170–
182
PPt
slide
41–50
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
7-11: Major muscles of the
body
pp. 171–172, PPt 42–43
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Resources
N/A
Related Chapters
N/A
Boxes
Clinical Terms
p. 182
Tables
7-2: Muscles of Facial
Expression, Mastication,
and Head Movement
p. 173, PPt 44
7-3: Anterior Muscles of
the Pectoral Girdle and
Trunk
p. 174, PPt 45
7-4: Posterior Muscles of
the Pectoral Girdle and
Trunk
p. 175, PPt 46
7-5: Muscles That Move
the Forearm
p. 177, PPt 47
7-6: Muscles That Move
the Hand and Fingers
p. 179, PPt 48
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Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
In-Class Activities
Muscle Identification
Game. Divide the class
into two teams. Begin to
describe a muscle by its
origin and insertion,
actions that it can perform,
location in the body,
antagonist, etc. Have
members of each team
compete to see which team
can first guess the muscle
correctly. Give a point for
each correct guess. Go
through as many muscles
as you like. The team with
the most points at the end
wins.
Materials
N/A
Outside Assignments
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Have students write
responses to the Concept
Check questions for this
section.
Have students fill in the
notetaking section, if not
completed before or during
class, and complete the
Review Time section for
Concept 5: Major Muscles
of the Body on pp. 150–
163 of the Student
Notebook.
Have students complete
one or two of the student
activities associated with
Chapter 7 on the
companion website.
Evaluation
Have students complete
the Review Questions and
Critical-thinking Questions
on pp. 184–185.
Create and administer a
test to students on this
chapter using the test
generator.
Instructor’s Notes
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids
Latissimus dorsi
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Teres minor
Erector spinae
7-7: Muscles That Move
the Thigh and Leg
p. 180, PPt 49
7-8: Muscles That Move
the Foot and Toes
p. 181, PPt 50
 Muscles of the Upper Limbs
 Muscles that move the
forearm
o Biceps brachii
o Brachialis
o Brachioradialis
o Triceps brachii
o Supinator
o Pronator teres
 Muscles that move the hand
& fingers
o Flexor carpi radialis
o Flexor carpi ulnaris
o Palmaris longus
o Flexor digitorum
profundus
o Extensor carpi radialis
longus
o Extensor carpi ulnaris
o Extensor digitorum
 Muscles of the Lower Limbs
 Muscles that move the thigh
o Iliopsoas
o Tensor fascia latae
o Adductor longus
o Adductor magnus
o Gracilis
 Muscles that move the leg
o Quadriceps femoris group
 Rectus femoris
 Vastus lateralis
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Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
The Human Body: Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology (Third Edition)
Chapter 7 — The Muscular System
 Vastus medialis
 Vastus intermedius
o Gluteus maximus
o Gluteus medius
o Hamstring group
 Biceps femoris
 Semitendinosus
 Semimembranosus
 Muscles that move the foot &
toes
o Tibialis anterior
o Extensor digitorum longus
o Gastrocnemius
o Soleus
o Peroneus longus
o Peroneus tertius
Legend: PPt: PowerPoint
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Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins