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DNA AND GENES REVIEW SHEET
1.
What do the letters DNA stand for? What do the letters RNA stand for?
2.
Where in the cell is DNA found?
Where is mRNA found?
Where is rRNA found?
Where is tRNA found?
3.
A DNA molecule has replicated and it’s original strand contains the bases CTAGGT, what bases
would the new daughter strand contain?
4.
What is a group of cancer cells formed together called?
5.
Genes contain instructions for assembling what macromolecules?
6.
What is a genetic mutation?
7.
a.
What is a point mutation?
b.
What is a frameshift mutation?
c.
What is a chromosomal mutation?
Name the three parts of a nucleotide.
1) Sugar 2) Phosphate 3) Nitrogenous base
(You’re welcome)
8.
Nucleotides are assembled together to form strands of ________.
9.
Define translation:
10. Define transcription:
11. Define replication:
12. What was the purpose of the human genome project, and about how many genes do humans have?
13. A codon codes for one of how many possible amino acids?
14. Is the genetic code universal throughout all organisms?
15. What molecules make up the backbone of DNA?
16. What molecules make up the rungs of a DNA molecule?
17. What kind of bonds holds the nitrogen bases together in a DNA molecule?
18. A gene codes for amino acids which are joined together to form _______.
19. Name the 4 nitrogenous bases found in RNA
20. Name the 4 nitrogenous bases found in DNA
21. Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
a. chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide
b. cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide
c. nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus
d. Cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome
Be able to know what each of the letters represent in the diagram above.
Use the following words to answer questions 22-32
mRNA
point mutation
nitrogenous bases
tRNA
frameshift mutation
translation
cancer
replication
codon
double helix
chromosomal mutation
22. During the process of transcription, DNA serves as the template for making
_______________________, which then leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes.
23. A ____________________ involves the addition or deletion of a single base in a DNA molecule.
24. Watson and Crick developed the ____________________ model of DNA
25. Thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine are ____________________
26. The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called __________________
27. Each set of three nitrogen bases representing an amino acid is referred to as a
__________________
28. ____________________ brings amino acids to the ribosomes for the assembly of proteins.
29. A change in a single base pair of the DNA molecule is called a _______________
30. The process of converting RNA code into amino acid sequence is called ________________
31. When parts of chromosomes are broken off and lost or reattached incorrectly, the result is a
_____________________________
32. Mutations in DNA can result in cells reproducing rapidly, producing the disease called ____________
Complete the Chart Below
Template DNA
Strand
Complementary
DNA Strand
mRNA (use the
template strand)
tRNA
Amino Acid
GGCCUAAC
TTACGTAAC
UACGACGG
TACGGGAT
AGGCCUAC
33. List three differences between DNA and RNA
1)
2)
34. Split the following sequence into codons
a. ACUGGGUACGAAAGCUCG
b. Is the above a strand of DNA or RNA?
3)