Download Unit 3 Cell Function and Structure Study Guide 2016.

Unit 3 Cell Function and Structure
STUDY GUIDE
1.
Know the contributions the following scientist made toward our understanding of the cell.
 Robert Hooke
 Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 Matthias Schleiden
 Theodor Schwann
 Rudolph Virchow
 Robert Brown
2. Write the 3 parts of the Cell theory.
3. Compare and contrast Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
4. Recognize and label both animal and plant cells.
ANIMAL CELL
5. Recognize and know the function
of the following organelles.
 Nucleus
 Nucleolus
 Nuclear envelope
 Ribosomes
 Rough endoplasmic reticulum
 Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
 Golgi apparatus
 Lysosomes
 Vacuoles
 Mitochondria
 Chloroplast
 Centrioles
 Cytoskeleton
 Cell membrane
 Cell wall
PLANT CELL
6. Know the parts of a Compound Light
Microscope
7. What are SEM and TEM?
Describe how each one functions.
8. What is a virus?
Describe their structure?
Why are they NOT considered living?
Explain both the lytic and lysogenic
cycles.
What is a capsid?
What is a bacteriophage?
What is a retrovirus? Give an example
How are viruses classified?
What is meant by a virus being cell specific?
Name: ______________________________
Date: _______________________
Practice/Homework: Viruses Review
1. Place the letter in the blank that is correctly labeling each viral part listed below.
_______ 1. Genetic Material
_______ 2. Surface Markers
_______ 3. Envelope
D
_______ 4. Capsid
2. What are two reasons why viruses are not considered alive?
I.
_________________________________________________________________________
II.
_________________________________________________________________________
3. What two things do a virus and a cell have in common?
I.
_________________________________________________________________________
II.
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Even though viruses can reproduce, they can only reproduce with the help of what?
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Can antibiotics kill bacteria? ________
6. Can antibiotics kill viruses? ________
Decide whether the following diseases are caused by a virus or a bacterium.
7. The common cold causes fever, congestion, headaches and a runny nose. While these common symptoms
can be treated by over the counter drugs, the common cold cannot be cured with antibiotics. Are colds
caused by bacteria or viruses? _________________________
8. Diphtheria is serious illness in which toxins deteriorate nervous tissue. Antitoxins can be used to counteract
these affects and antibiotics can be used to rid the body of any remaining parasites. Based on these facts, is
diphtheria caused by bacteria or viruses? ___________________
9. Chicken pox is an infectious disease which causes the patient’s body to be covered in blisters. Chicken pox
does not respond to treatment with antibiotics. Is chicken pox a bacteria or a virus?
_________________________
10. Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infection can cause chills, sore throat, muscle aches, pain
and fever. The flu cannot be controlled by antibiotics. Is Influenza a bacteria or a virus?
_______________________
Below are several statements that summarize the life cycle
of a virus. Place these statements in the correct order in
which they occur (1-5).
______The new viruses spontaneously assemble themselves.
______ The virus attaches itself to the host cell.
______ The cell reproduces the virus’ genetic material and creates the protein capsids.
______The viruses burst or bud through the exterior of the cell.
______ The virus inserts its genetic material into the host cell.
Answer the following questions about the spread of viral diseases.
1. A medical researcher has developed a drug that attaches to the surface markers of a specific virus
preventing them from functioning correctly. This drug would most likely disrupt the virus’s ability to –
A mutate into a new viral strain
C maintain the integrity of its capsid
B attach to its target host cell
D have its genetic material transcribed
2. When a new disease is introduced to a population, it is common for an epidemic to occur as the disease
spreads quickly from person to person. This is primarily because individuals A do not have responsive immune systems
C do not understand how germs are spread
B always have poor personal hygiene habits
D lack immunities to the new disease
3. Why is it important for people to understand whether a virus is spread through the air or through direct
contact with bodily fluids?
A To prevent it from being spread to new hosts
C So that the food supply is not disturbed
B So that people can identify the virus
D To create immunities in the population
4. Anything that leads to the infection of an individual, like a bacterium or a virus, can be referred to as a/an –
A pathogen
B eukaryote
C stomach bug
D vaccine
5. One of the most harmful aspects of viral reproduction is the –
A destruction of host cells
C use of the cell’s ribosomes
B reaction of cells to viral proteins
D misuse of the cell’s receptor proteins
6. What type of cell does the HIV virus attack? ________________________________________
7. What body system do all types of T cells belong to? __________________________________
8. What syndrome does HIV cause? _________________________________________________
9. People who have been infected with HIV are much more likely to die of –
A malnutrition
B dehydration
C secondary infections
D blood clotting